this ppt is based on energy conservation & energy audit & energy efficiency

1. VISHWA KARMA YOJNA PHASE 3
PREPARED BY
VIMAL MONASARA
(120230109010)
GUIDED BY
PROF. M.P. BANSAL

2. ENERGY
CONSERVATION ,
ENERGY AUDIT &
ENERGY EFFICIENCY

3. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 ELECTRICAL GENERATION
 KEYWORDS
 ENERGY AUDIT
 LIGHTING
 ENERGY EFFICIENCY

4. INTRODUCTION
 Try to think of something that doesn't involve energy and you won't get
very far. Even thinking—even thinking about energy!—needs some
energy to make it happen.
 something has refers to its capacity to cause things to happen.
 In fact, everything that happens in the world uses energy of one kind or
another.
 Energy is a bit of a mystery. Most of the time we can't see it, yet it is
everywhere around us.
 Energy is a magical substance that makes things happen.
 Everything in the world is either energy or matter and even matter,
when you really get down to it, is a kind of energy!
 Energy is the foundation upon which prosperity and development rest.
 Successful energy policies encourage competitiveness and serve
simultaneously as a precondition for the attainment of climate action
goals.

5. VARIOUS FORMS OF ENERGY

6. ELECTRICITY GENERATION
 Every form of electricity generation has its
strengths and weakness.
 The global demand for electricity is rising, and
future electricity generation will need a range of
options.
 Main source of generation-
• Thermal power
• Hydro power
• Nuclear power
• Renewable energy sources

7. INSTALLED CAPACITY & DEMAND
(AS PER JULY 2015)
REIGON
GENERATION(MW) PEAK POWER
NUCLEA
R
THERMA
L
RENEWABL
E
TOTAL DEMAND
(MW)
SUPPLY
(MW)
NORTHER
N
1620 46274 25308 73202 54329 54137
WESTERN 1840 77844 20543 100137 48479 50254
SOUTHER
N
2320 36722 26643 65585 43630 35011
EASTERN - 28772 4547 33319 18507 19358
NORTHER
N-
EASTERN
- 2008 1504 3512 2650 2544
ALL INDIA 156852 152754

8. ENERGY CONSERVATION
 As per the statistics of the installed capacity and demand,
we realized that our demand is greater than our generation.
 To meet our demand, we must concentrate on energy
conservation for the sustainable development .
 Energy conservation refers to reducing energy consumption
through using less of an energy service.
 Even though energy conservation reduces energy services,
it can result in increased environmental quality, national
security, personal financial security and higher savings.
 It is at the top of the sustainable energy hierarchy. It also
lowers energy costs by preventing future resource depletion.

9. OBJECTIVES
 Decrease dependency on conventional energy
sources, reduce Demand- Supply gap by promoting
Renewable Energy Source
 Expand development and of renewable power
generation projects for augmenting access through
locally available renewable energy sources
 Provision of green and modern energy services to
all on a sustainable basis
 By expanding energy conservation at great extent
for sustainable development

10. KEY WORDS
 The main factors –
Energy Audit
Lighting
Energy efficiency by renewable
resources

11. ENERGY AUDIT
 SIGNIFICANCE
 Energy audit is a similar to medical diagnosis.
 During medical diagnosis, the doctors physically examines
and interviews the patient, check the temperature & pressure
of the patient and may follow up with some laboratory test.
 Similarly, energy audit is employed as a tool for determining
what measures can and should be taken to save energy in a
facility.
 Energy audit is the first step in understanding how a facility
uses energy and how energy could be saved in the facility.
 MAIN PURPOSE
 To identify, quantify, describe and prioritize cost saving
measures relating to energy use in the facility.

12. WHAT IS ENERGY AUDIT?
 An energy audit is an inspection, survey and analysis
of energy flow for energy conservation in an industry,
government building and organisation; process to
reduce the amount of energy input into the system
without negatively affecting the output.
 Audit activities in general order include:
 Identification of all energy systems
 Evaluation of conditions of the systems
 Analysis of impact of improvement to those systems.
 Preparation of energy audit report

13. GENERAL PROCEDURE

14. TYPES
 The energy audit orientation would provide positive results
in reduction energy billing for which suitable preventive and
cost effective maintenance and quality control programmes
are essential leading to enhanced production and economic
utility activities.
 It has main three TYPES-
PRELIMINARY ENERGY AUDIT
GENERAL ENERGY AUDIT
DETAILED ENERGY AUDIT

15. PRELIMINARY ENERGY AUDIT
 The preliminary energy audit alternatively called a simple audit
screening audit or walk through audit, is the simplest and quickest type
of audit.
 It involves activities related to
 Collection
 Classification
 Presentation
 Analysis
 This procedure of available data in arising at the most appropriate steps
to be taken in establishing energy conservation.
 Preliminary audit is conducted relatively in short duration and includes
only major energy inputs and waste of important energy conversion
system

16. GENERAL ENERGY AUDIT
 The general energy audit is also called a mini audit.
 It expands on the preliminary audit by collecting more
detailed information about facility operation and
performing a more detailed evaluation of energy
conservation measures identified.
 Utility bills are collected for a 12 to 36 months period to
allow the auditor to evaluate the facility energy/demand
rate structure and energy usage profiles.
 Additional metering of specific energy consuming
systems is often performed to supplement utility data.

17. DETAILED ENERGY AUDIT
 Detailed energy audit is also called comprehensive
audit or investment grader audit.
 it expands on the general energy audit.
 It covers
 estimation of energy input for different
processes
 collection of past data on production levels
 specific energy consumption

18. LIGHTING
 Lighting is an essential service
in all the industries. The power
consumption by the lighting
varies between 2 to10% of the
total power depending on the
type of industry.
 Lighting is an area, which
provides a major scope to
achieve energy efficiency at
the design stage, by
incorporation of modern
energy efficient lamps,
luminaries, apart from good
operational practices.

19. COMMON METHODS OF ENERGY SAVING ON
LIGHTING SYSTEM
Halogens (spot lights) are
replaced with infra read
Coating halogens.
Incandescent lamps are
replaced with compact
Fluorescent lamps (CFL).
Halogens (flood type) are
replaced with metal halides.
Replacement of the magnetic
ballast from electronic Ballast.

20. A CASE STUDY OF REPLACING CONVENTIONAL
LIGHTING SYSTEM
 In an ITI NAVAGAM , KAMREJ there are 80 conventional T12 tube
lights, which are used to ON for the purpose of education throughout
the day. The tube lights are used to ON at 9 AM to 7 PM (Timing use to
vary subject to season change). The tube lights are of standard rating.
After testing on choke it was observed that chokes are consuming 12
watts of power (average).
 CALCULATION
 Thus total power loss using tube lights POWER LOSS =80*12= 960 W
 The tube lights (on an average) working for 10 hours a day.
 Total Energy loss per day = 9.6 KWH (unit)
 Financial Loss per day = 9.6*8= 76.8~Rs 77/- (@ 8/- per unit)
 This amount for accounted per day only to make up the losses.

21.  These fixtures were provided
with 40 W T12 tube lights.
 Total power consumed with 40
W tube lights (for purpose of
vigilance) =80*40 =3200W
 (each tube light is ON for 10
hours for vigilance)
 The financial burden = 3.2 * 10
* 8 = Rs. 256/-
 Total Expenditure per day
(towards vigilance) = 256 + 77 =
RS. 333/-
 Financial burden in one year
= 333*365 = Rs. 1,21,545/-

22. CASE 1 (CFL)
 If these lights were replaced with
CFLs:
 Lux obtained by a fluorescent
Tube = 2200
 The commercially available CFL
of 15 W will provide a lux of 1000,
so number of
 CFLs required to produce
required lighting = 2
 Power consumed by 2 CFLs = 30
Watts (52 watts in case of Tube
lights).
 Power saved = 52 – 30 = 22 Watts
 Energy saved per day = 0.022 * 80
* 10 = 17.6 ~18 units per day
 Financial saving = 18 * 8 =
Rs.144/- per day.
 Saving over one year = 144 * 365
= 52,560 Rs.

23.  Investment (Initial cost) to replace Tubes with CFLs:
 Cost of one CFL = Rs. 120/-
 Cost of fitting to fix CFL = Rs. 15/-
 Total of one CFL with fitting = Rs. 135/-
 No. of tubes to be replaced = 80.
 Equivalent number of CFLs = 160 (@ 2 CFLs per
tube light)
 Total Initial investment = 160 * 135 = Rs. 21,600/-
 Payback period = total investment/ net annual
saving= 21600/52560 = 0.4 years= 0.4 * 12 = 4.8~ 5
Months Approx

24. CASE 2 (LED)
 If tube lights were replaced
with LED lighting system:
 Two LED systems of around
7 W each will produce a
required illumination that
 Same produced by one tube
light.
 Total power consumed by two
LED systems = 21 W
 Power saved = 52-21 = 31 W
 Energy saved per day = 0.031
* 80 * 10 = 24.8~25 units
 Financial Saving / day = 25 *
8 = Rs. 200/-
 Per year saving = Rs. 73000/-

25.  Cost of ONE LED system = Rs. 500/-
 Total LED system required = 80 * 3 = 240 Rs.
(@ 3 LED system per tube light)
 Total cost of LED systems = 240 * 500
=1,20,000/-
 Fitting cost 20Rs per LED=160*20=3200Rs
 Total invest.=123,200Rs
 Payback period
= total investment/ net annual saving
=123200/73000= 1.6 Years

26. COMPARISON OF LED, CFL & INCANDESCENTS BULB
LIDHT OUTPUT
COST, RATING & LIFE
SPAN

27. ENERGY EFFIENCY
 SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
 Sustainable energy is a form of energy that meet our today’s
demand of energy without putting them in danger of getting expired
or depleted and can be used over and over again.
 Sustainable energy should be widely encouraged as it do not cause
any harm to the environment and is available widely free of cost.
 RENEWABLE SOURCES
 SOLAR ENERGY
 WIND ENERGY
 BIO MASS ENERGY
 HYDRO ENERGY

28. SOLAR LED STREET LIGHT
 LED is most available device with solar
option that can be an attractive and cost
saving.
 Solar street lights are raised light sources which
are powered by photovoltaic panels generally
mounted on the lighting structure. The
photovoltaic panels charge a rechargeable battery,
which powers a LED lamp during the night.

29. MAIN COMPONENETS
 Solar street lights consist of 5 main parts :
 Solar Panel
 Lighting Fixture
 Rechargeable Battery
 Controller
 Pole

30.  ADVANTAGES-
 independent of the utility grid
 external wires are eliminated
 non polluting source of electricity
 DISADVANTAGES-
 Initial investment is higher
 risk of theft is higher as equipment costs are
comparatively higher.

31. ‘Akshay urja se Desh vikas
Gaon gaon bijli, ghar ghar prakash’
THANKYOU