The Catholic King and Queen

The Catholic King and Queen The Birth of the Modern State in Spain Antonio Rodrigo Muñoz I.E.S. Llanes (Sevilla)

Iberian Peninsula: End of XV Century

[object Object],Isabel was very interested in languages. She could speak: Castillian, Catalan, Valencian, Gallegan, , Latin, and French. She was also a very religious woman. When she was 17, she married her second cousin , the Prince Fernando de Aragón, King of Sicily. This marriage joined the kingdoms of Castilla and Aragón, but they needed a permit from the Pope, as they were cousins. She was in love with her husband and was very often jealous of other women. Historians don’t think King Fernando was in love with her because he had a son at the time of her marriage.

The King ,[object Object],Fernando was very good in terms of foreign policy. He colaborated with the Pope, he took Rosellon, Cerdeña and Naples back. He conquered the North of Africa. He fought against the Turks and he made friends with the anti-French Monarchies. He married Isabel of Castilla and they ruled both kingdoms together. The 26th of November 1504 Queen Isabel died. Fernando ruled the country as his daughter Queen Juana had fits of madness.

[object Object],The King’s death

Queen Isabel’s death The Catholic Queen died in Medina del Campo the 26th November 1504 when she was 54. She probably suffered from diabetes. When she was buried she was wearing Saint Francisco’s tunic. She wrote in her will that she wanted to be buried next to her husband as a proof of their love.

Royal Family Tree ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

BEAUTY AND MADNESS Felipe was the son of Maximiliano, king of Austria, Emperor of Germany , and of María, Duchess of Borgoña Maximiliano of Austria María of Borgoña

Mad Juana? When her brother Juan died she became the heiress to the Castillian throne In 1496 she married Felipe el Hermoso, who was the heir to the Borgoña Ducado

The Conquer of Granada (1492) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Boabdil’s surrender ,[object Object],[object Object]

Broken Promisses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Bishop Cisneros The Alhambra

Spanish Inquisition (1478-1834) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Inquisitional Court

La Mesta ,[object Object],[object Object]

Shepherds against farmers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Brotherhood of Saints ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Jewish Expulsion ,[object Object],After the Decree of Expulsion in 1942, the jewish people had a great dilema as they had to choose between two possibilities: Stay in Spain and change their religion, renounce to their beliefs and traditions. The Inquisition would watch them closely with the danger of being accused, judged, tortured or killed. Leave Spain. They could only take with them some things and their knowledge, traditions, their language, all the origings of sefardi culture which has prevailed up to now. Decreto de expulsión

[object Object],The World in the Middle Ages Vikings come to America The discoveries of Portugal The definitive discovery of America The first trip around the world

The vision of the wor ld in the Middle Ages ,[object Object],[object Object],In the High Middle Ages paper was unknown. They used pergamino, which was produced in very small quantities.

The Vikings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Vikings come to America ,[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],Settling down in Vinland

Marco Polo’s voyages ,[object Object]

THE SILK ROUTE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Portuguese discoveries ,[object Object]

The Portuguese led the way to discoveries ,[object Object],Astrolabio Ptolomeo’s map Brújula Sextante Caravel

El Imperio portugués 1427. Islas Azores 1488. Cabo de Buena Esperanza. Bartolomé Díaz 1535. Macao

The route of the West: Castille and Chistopher Columbus.

Christopher Columbus: the character ,[object Object],[object Object]

Getting ready for the voyage: La Rábida Monastery ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Preparing the voyage: Money ,[object Object],[object Object],Original document

El Descubrimiento ,[object Object],[object Object]

The voyage across the Atlantic Christopher Columbus started the Spanish expeditions. The Queen let him look for a route to get to the Indian lands though the west. He didn’t get to Indian lands, but he discovered a continent. www.colon2006valladolid.es/

Christopher Columbus’s Voyages

Christopher Columbus’s voyages

Exploration voyages in the Caribbean sea.

[object Object],Christopher Columbus’s death

Searching the Impossible: the first voyage round the world ,[object Object],Magallanes’s project was based on a correct idea: Columbus’s theory was right: the world was a sphere, but he was wrong in one thing: he thought the world was much smaller than what it really is. He wanted to find a way through south America to get to the Molucas. The Portuguese king didn’t like this project and that is why he went to the Spanish king for help.

Treaties between Spain and Portugal ,[object Object]

The most important expedition in History ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The expedition started in August 1519. Magallanes led it. There were five vessels and approximately 250 men on board.

The Voyage across the Pacific Ocean ,[object Object],The expedition continued. Elcano, a Spanish sailor, led it: He reached Molucas Islands and then he sailed back through the “Portuguese route” (dangerous for a Spanish expedition) across the Indian Ocean and the around Africa. Finally he reached Spain in September. Five vessels started the expedition and only one, The Victoria, completed the voyage around the world. Only 18 men went back. When they were sailing the ocean ( they named it Pacific) they thought the voyage to Asia was going to be short. The expedition travelled for three months across the Pacific in very difficult conditions as they had very little food and they never saw land. Lots of the sailors fell ill because they didn’t eat fresh food and died. In desperate conditions the expedition reached the Isle of Guam in January 1521 and later sailed towards Asia again.

The Catholic King and Queen

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The Catholic King and Queen