SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 18
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
By
Vijay Mehta
What exactly IS a “sample”?
What do qualitative researchers
 worry about?

                                     II want to show
                                        want to show
II want to see                                            II really want my
                                                             really want my
   want to see   II want to
                    want to          how social
                                      how social
the world                                                 research
                                                           research
 the world       describe the
                  describe the       change occurs.
                                      change occurs.
through the                                               approach to be
                                                           approach to be
 through the     context in a lot
                  context in a lot   I’m interested in
                                      I’m interested in
eyes of my                                                flexible and
                                                           flexible and
 eyes of my      of detail.
                  of detail.         how things come
                                      how things come
respondents.                                              able to change.
                                                           able to change.
 respondents.                        to be.
                                      to be.
Social actors are not
Social actors are not
predictable like objects.
predictable like objects.



          Randomized events are
           Randomized events are
          irrelevant to social life.
           irrelevant to social life.



                   Probability sampling is
                   Probability sampling is
                   expensive and inefficient.
                   expensive and inefficient.



                                            Non-probability sampling is the
                                            Non-probability sampling is the
                                            best approach.
                                            best approach.
Types of samples
Simple Random Sample

    Get a list or “sampling frame”
    a.   This is the hard part! It must not systematically exclude
         anyone.


    Generate random numbers

    Select one person per random numbers
Systematic Random Sample
   Select a random number, which will be known as
    k

   Get a list of people, or observe a flow of people
    (e.g., pedestrians on a corner)

   Select every kth person
       Careful that there is no systematic rhythm to the flow or
        list of people.
       If every 4th person on the list is, say, “rich” or “senior” or
        some other consistent pattern, avoid this method
Stratified Random
      Sample
1.   Separate your population into groups or
     “strata”

2.    Do either a simple random sample or
      systematic random sample from there
     a. Note you must know easily what the
         “strata” are before attempting this
     b. If your sampling frame is sorted by, say,
         school district, then you’re able to use this
         method
Multi-stage Cluster Sample
   Get a list of “clusters,” e.g., branches of a
    company

   Randomly sample clusters from that list

   Have a list of, say, 10 branches

    Randomly sample people within those branches
     This method is complex and expensive
The Convenience Sample


  Find some people that are easy to find
The Snowball Sample


   Find a few people that are relevant to your topic.



   Ask them to refer you to more of them.
The Quota Sample
   Determine what the population looks like in terms of
    specific qualities.

   Create “quotas” based on those qualities.

   Select people for each quota.
The Theoretical Sample
Accidental sampling
   A type of nonprobability sampling which involves
    the sample being drawn from that part of the
    population which is close to hand

   The researcher using such a sample cannot
    scientifically make generalizations about the total
    population

   In social science research, snowball sampling is a
    similar technique
Panel sampling
   The method of first selecting a group of
    participants through a random sampling

   Period of data collection is called a "wave“

   Panel sampling can also be used to inform
    researchers about within-person health changes
    due to age
How many?
   Qualitative researchers seek “saturation”
     “How many” isn’t the issue. Do you understand the
      phenomenon? Have you learned enough?
     Mere numbers are irrelevant. You want “verstehn” or deep
      understanding



   Quantitative researchers seek statistical validity
     Can you safely generalize to the population? Have you
      systematically excluded anyone? (See the “famous
      sampling mistake”)
Improving Response Rates


   Personalize the invitation



   Offer money -- no strings attached
Thank

You all

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Types of research
Types of researchTypes of research
Types of research
 
Research design
Research designResearch design
Research design
 
Systematic ranom sampling for slide share
Systematic ranom sampling for slide shareSystematic ranom sampling for slide share
Systematic ranom sampling for slide share
 
Sample design
Sample designSample design
Sample design
 
Research Design
Research DesignResearch Design
Research Design
 
Sampling technique ppt
Sampling technique pptSampling technique ppt
Sampling technique ppt
 
Data Collection-Primary & Secondary
Data Collection-Primary & SecondaryData Collection-Primary & Secondary
Data Collection-Primary & Secondary
 
Descriptive statistics
Descriptive statisticsDescriptive statistics
Descriptive statistics
 
sampling error.pptx
sampling error.pptxsampling error.pptx
sampling error.pptx
 
Methods of data collection
Methods of data collection Methods of data collection
Methods of data collection
 
Sampling Methods
Sampling MethodsSampling Methods
Sampling Methods
 
Types of research designs
Types of research designsTypes of research designs
Types of research designs
 
Sampling techniques
Sampling techniquesSampling techniques
Sampling techniques
 
Research Design
Research DesignResearch Design
Research Design
 
Sampling techniques
Sampling techniquesSampling techniques
Sampling techniques
 
SAMPLING
SAMPLINGSAMPLING
SAMPLING
 
Sampling Design
Sampling DesignSampling Design
Sampling Design
 
Non probability sampling
Non probability samplingNon probability sampling
Non probability sampling
 
Non-Probability sampling
Non-Probability samplingNon-Probability sampling
Non-Probability sampling
 
Sampling and Sample Types
Sampling  and Sample TypesSampling  and Sample Types
Sampling and Sample Types
 

Andere mochten auch

RESEARCH METHOD - SAMPLING
RESEARCH METHOD - SAMPLINGRESEARCH METHOD - SAMPLING
RESEARCH METHOD - SAMPLINGHafizah Hajimia
 
Sampling Methods in Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Sampling Methods in Qualitative and Quantitative ResearchSampling Methods in Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Sampling Methods in Qualitative and Quantitative ResearchSam Ladner
 
PROBABILITY SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
PROBABILITY SAMPLING TECHNIQUESPROBABILITY SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
PROBABILITY SAMPLING TECHNIQUESAzam Ghaffar
 
Probability sampling
Probability samplingProbability sampling
Probability samplingPaul Grima
 
Collecting Qualitative Data
Collecting Qualitative DataCollecting Qualitative Data
Collecting Qualitative Datahighness85
 
Components of research design by G.Reka
Components of research  design by G.RekaComponents of research  design by G.Reka
Components of research design by G.RekaPOLIKAIYOOR REKA
 
Component of a Research Design
Component of a Research DesignComponent of a Research Design
Component of a Research Designmehul chopra
 
Non – Probability Sampling (Convenience, Purposive).
Non – Probability Sampling (Convenience, Purposive).Non – Probability Sampling (Convenience, Purposive).
Non – Probability Sampling (Convenience, Purposive).Vikas Kumar
 
Sampling methods- Random, Systematic and Snowball
Sampling methods- Random, Systematic and Snowball Sampling methods- Random, Systematic and Snowball
Sampling methods- Random, Systematic and Snowball Sonalikuril72
 
Non Probability Sampling
Non Probability SamplingNon Probability Sampling
Non Probability SamplingMuhammad Farooq
 
Sampling methods theory and practice
Sampling methods theory and practice Sampling methods theory and practice
Sampling methods theory and practice Ravindra Sharma
 

Andere mochten auch (20)

sampling ppt
sampling pptsampling ppt
sampling ppt
 
RESEARCH METHOD - SAMPLING
RESEARCH METHOD - SAMPLINGRESEARCH METHOD - SAMPLING
RESEARCH METHOD - SAMPLING
 
Sampling Methods in Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Sampling Methods in Qualitative and Quantitative ResearchSampling Methods in Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Sampling Methods in Qualitative and Quantitative Research
 
Chapter 8-SAMPLE & SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
Chapter 8-SAMPLE & SAMPLING TECHNIQUESChapter 8-SAMPLE & SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
Chapter 8-SAMPLE & SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
 
PROBABILITY SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
PROBABILITY SAMPLING TECHNIQUESPROBABILITY SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
PROBABILITY SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
 
Probability sampling
Probability samplingProbability sampling
Probability sampling
 
Collecting Qualitative Data
Collecting Qualitative DataCollecting Qualitative Data
Collecting Qualitative Data
 
Research design
Research designResearch design
Research design
 
Sampling design
Sampling designSampling design
Sampling design
 
Ppt on research design
Ppt on research designPpt on research design
Ppt on research design
 
Types of Sampling
Types of SamplingTypes of Sampling
Types of Sampling
 
Components of research design by G.Reka
Components of research  design by G.RekaComponents of research  design by G.Reka
Components of research design by G.Reka
 
Component of a Research Design
Component of a Research DesignComponent of a Research Design
Component of a Research Design
 
Non – Probability Sampling (Convenience, Purposive).
Non – Probability Sampling (Convenience, Purposive).Non – Probability Sampling (Convenience, Purposive).
Non – Probability Sampling (Convenience, Purposive).
 
Sampling methods- Random, Systematic and Snowball
Sampling methods- Random, Systematic and Snowball Sampling methods- Random, Systematic and Snowball
Sampling methods- Random, Systematic and Snowball
 
Sampling Errors
Sampling ErrorsSampling Errors
Sampling Errors
 
Non Probability Sampling
Non Probability SamplingNon Probability Sampling
Non Probability Sampling
 
Sampling designs
Sampling designsSampling designs
Sampling designs
 
Parametric vs Non-Parametric
Parametric vs Non-ParametricParametric vs Non-Parametric
Parametric vs Non-Parametric
 
Sampling methods theory and practice
Sampling methods theory and practice Sampling methods theory and practice
Sampling methods theory and practice
 

Ähnlich wie Sampling methods PPT

ITFT- Sampling
ITFT- Sampling ITFT- Sampling
ITFT- Sampling sl22
 
Qualitative Vs Quantitative Research
Qualitative Vs Quantitative ResearchQualitative Vs Quantitative Research
Qualitative Vs Quantitative ResearchSam Ladner
 
How The Behaviours And Body Languages Of Males And Females...
How The Behaviours And Body Languages Of Males And Females...How The Behaviours And Body Languages Of Males And Females...
How The Behaviours And Body Languages Of Males And Females...Rebecca Evans
 
Sociological Research Essay
Sociological Research EssaySociological Research Essay
Sociological Research EssayJennifer Cruz
 
Non Participant Observation On Science, Social Studies,...
Non Participant Observation On Science, Social Studies,...Non Participant Observation On Science, Social Studies,...
Non Participant Observation On Science, Social Studies,...Catherine Aguirre
 
Bradford mvsu chapters 2 4 short revised
Bradford mvsu chapters 2 4 short revisedBradford mvsu chapters 2 4 short revised
Bradford mvsu chapters 2 4 short revisedJohn Bradford
 
100831 intro
100831 intro100831 intro
100831 introaalexy
 
Sociological Imagination In Research
Sociological Imagination In ResearchSociological Imagination In Research
Sociological Imagination In ResearchChristina Valadez
 
What Do Female Military Spouses Make Of Interactions With...
What Do Female Military Spouses Make Of Interactions With...What Do Female Military Spouses Make Of Interactions With...
What Do Female Military Spouses Make Of Interactions With...Sheri Toriz
 
Avandi Sociological Research
Avandi Sociological ResearchAvandi Sociological Research
Avandi Sociological ResearchMaggie Turner
 
Other Descriptive Research Methods
Other Descriptive Research MethodsOther Descriptive Research Methods
Other Descriptive Research MethodsCheryl Viljoen
 
Community Observation Paper Sample
Community Observation Paper SampleCommunity Observation Paper Sample
Community Observation Paper SampleHeather Vargas
 
Introduction to representation
Introduction to representationIntroduction to representation
Introduction to representation1poppydotty
 
Narrative Essay Example For High School
Narrative Essay Example For High SchoolNarrative Essay Example For High School
Narrative Essay Example For High SchoolAngel Jefferson
 
Favor Of One Version Of Scientific Realism Essay
Favor Of One Version Of Scientific Realism EssayFavor Of One Version Of Scientific Realism Essay
Favor Of One Version Of Scientific Realism EssayMegan Espinoza
 

Ähnlich wie Sampling methods PPT (20)

Sampling in qualitative and quantitative method
Sampling in qualitative and quantitative methodSampling in qualitative and quantitative method
Sampling in qualitative and quantitative method
 
Sampling procedure30 jan2012
Sampling procedure30 jan2012Sampling procedure30 jan2012
Sampling procedure30 jan2012
 
ITFT- Sampling
ITFT- Sampling ITFT- Sampling
ITFT- Sampling
 
Qualitative Vs Quantitative Research
Qualitative Vs Quantitative ResearchQualitative Vs Quantitative Research
Qualitative Vs Quantitative Research
 
How The Behaviours And Body Languages Of Males And Females...
How The Behaviours And Body Languages Of Males And Females...How The Behaviours And Body Languages Of Males And Females...
How The Behaviours And Body Languages Of Males And Females...
 
Sociological Research Essay
Sociological Research EssaySociological Research Essay
Sociological Research Essay
 
Non Participant Observation On Science, Social Studies,...
Non Participant Observation On Science, Social Studies,...Non Participant Observation On Science, Social Studies,...
Non Participant Observation On Science, Social Studies,...
 
Bradford mvsu chapters 2 4 short revised
Bradford mvsu chapters 2 4 short revisedBradford mvsu chapters 2 4 short revised
Bradford mvsu chapters 2 4 short revised
 
100831 intro
100831 intro100831 intro
100831 intro
 
Sociological Imagination In Research
Sociological Imagination In ResearchSociological Imagination In Research
Sociological Imagination In Research
 
Sampling Design
Sampling DesignSampling Design
Sampling Design
 
What Do Female Military Spouses Make Of Interactions With...
What Do Female Military Spouses Make Of Interactions With...What Do Female Military Spouses Make Of Interactions With...
What Do Female Military Spouses Make Of Interactions With...
 
Avandi Sociological Research
Avandi Sociological ResearchAvandi Sociological Research
Avandi Sociological Research
 
Descriptive Method
Descriptive MethodDescriptive Method
Descriptive Method
 
Psychology-Naturalistic Observation Essay
Psychology-Naturalistic Observation EssayPsychology-Naturalistic Observation Essay
Psychology-Naturalistic Observation Essay
 
Other Descriptive Research Methods
Other Descriptive Research MethodsOther Descriptive Research Methods
Other Descriptive Research Methods
 
Community Observation Paper Sample
Community Observation Paper SampleCommunity Observation Paper Sample
Community Observation Paper Sample
 
Introduction to representation
Introduction to representationIntroduction to representation
Introduction to representation
 
Narrative Essay Example For High School
Narrative Essay Example For High SchoolNarrative Essay Example For High School
Narrative Essay Example For High School
 
Favor Of One Version Of Scientific Realism Essay
Favor Of One Version Of Scientific Realism EssayFavor Of One Version Of Scientific Realism Essay
Favor Of One Version Of Scientific Realism Essay
 

Mehr von Vijay Mehta

Competition act 2002
Competition act 2002 Competition act 2002
Competition act 2002 Vijay Mehta
 
Private equity PPT
Private equity  PPTPrivate equity  PPT
Private equity PPTVijay Mehta
 
New york stockexchange PPT
New york stockexchange PPTNew york stockexchange PPT
New york stockexchange PPTVijay Mehta
 
J. p morgan project PPT
J. p morgan  project PPTJ. p morgan  project PPT
J. p morgan project PPTVijay Mehta
 
Foreign exchange exposure PPT
Foreign exchange exposure PPTForeign exchange exposure PPT
Foreign exchange exposure PPTVijay Mehta
 
Adr’s, gdr’s & fdi ppt
Adr’s, gdr’s & fdi ppt Adr’s, gdr’s & fdi ppt
Adr’s, gdr’s & fdi ppt Vijay Mehta
 
brain computer-interfaces PPT
 brain computer-interfaces PPT brain computer-interfaces PPT
brain computer-interfaces PPTVijay Mehta
 
Providentfund PPT
Providentfund PPTProvidentfund PPT
Providentfund PPTVijay Mehta
 

Mehr von Vijay Mehta (9)

Competition act 2002
Competition act 2002 Competition act 2002
Competition act 2002
 
Private equity PPT
Private equity  PPTPrivate equity  PPT
Private equity PPT
 
New york stockexchange PPT
New york stockexchange PPTNew york stockexchange PPT
New york stockexchange PPT
 
Nafta PPT
Nafta PPTNafta PPT
Nafta PPT
 
J. p morgan project PPT
J. p morgan  project PPTJ. p morgan  project PPT
J. p morgan project PPT
 
Foreign exchange exposure PPT
Foreign exchange exposure PPTForeign exchange exposure PPT
Foreign exchange exposure PPT
 
Adr’s, gdr’s & fdi ppt
Adr’s, gdr’s & fdi ppt Adr’s, gdr’s & fdi ppt
Adr’s, gdr’s & fdi ppt
 
brain computer-interfaces PPT
 brain computer-interfaces PPT brain computer-interfaces PPT
brain computer-interfaces PPT
 
Providentfund PPT
Providentfund PPTProvidentfund PPT
Providentfund PPT
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1DianaGray10
 
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXVoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXTarek Kalaji
 
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...Aggregage
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxGDSC PJATK
 
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsIgniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsSafe Software
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintMahmoud Rabie
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding TeamAdam Moalla
 
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...Will Schroeder
 
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)Commit University
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024SkyPlanner
 
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfUiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfDianaGray10
 
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDEADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDELiveplex
 
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IES VE
 
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfJamie (Taka) Wang
 
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAAnypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAshyamraj55
 
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfVideogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfinfogdgmi
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfDaniel Santiago Silva Capera
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1DianaGray10
 
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...DianaGray10
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
 
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXVoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
 
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
 
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsIgniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
 
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
Apres-Cyber - The Data Dilemma: Bridging Offensive Operations and Machine Lea...
 
201610817 - edge part1
201610817 - edge part1201610817 - edge part1
201610817 - edge part1
 
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
 
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfUiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
 
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDEADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
 
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
 
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
 
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAAnypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
 
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfVideogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
 
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
 

Sampling methods PPT

  • 2. What exactly IS a “sample”?
  • 3. What do qualitative researchers worry about? II want to show want to show II want to see II really want my really want my want to see II want to want to how social how social the world research research the world describe the describe the change occurs. change occurs. through the approach to be approach to be through the context in a lot context in a lot I’m interested in I’m interested in eyes of my flexible and flexible and eyes of my of detail. of detail. how things come how things come respondents. able to change. able to change. respondents. to be. to be.
  • 4. Social actors are not Social actors are not predictable like objects. predictable like objects. Randomized events are Randomized events are irrelevant to social life. irrelevant to social life. Probability sampling is Probability sampling is expensive and inefficient. expensive and inefficient. Non-probability sampling is the Non-probability sampling is the best approach. best approach.
  • 6. Simple Random Sample  Get a list or “sampling frame” a. This is the hard part! It must not systematically exclude anyone.  Generate random numbers  Select one person per random numbers
  • 7. Systematic Random Sample  Select a random number, which will be known as k  Get a list of people, or observe a flow of people (e.g., pedestrians on a corner)  Select every kth person  Careful that there is no systematic rhythm to the flow or list of people.  If every 4th person on the list is, say, “rich” or “senior” or some other consistent pattern, avoid this method
  • 8. Stratified Random Sample 1. Separate your population into groups or “strata” 2. Do either a simple random sample or systematic random sample from there a. Note you must know easily what the “strata” are before attempting this b. If your sampling frame is sorted by, say, school district, then you’re able to use this method
  • 9. Multi-stage Cluster Sample  Get a list of “clusters,” e.g., branches of a company  Randomly sample clusters from that list  Have a list of, say, 10 branches  Randomly sample people within those branches  This method is complex and expensive
  • 10. The Convenience Sample Find some people that are easy to find
  • 11. The Snowball Sample  Find a few people that are relevant to your topic.  Ask them to refer you to more of them.
  • 12. The Quota Sample  Determine what the population looks like in terms of specific qualities.  Create “quotas” based on those qualities.  Select people for each quota.
  • 14. Accidental sampling  A type of nonprobability sampling which involves the sample being drawn from that part of the population which is close to hand  The researcher using such a sample cannot scientifically make generalizations about the total population  In social science research, snowball sampling is a similar technique
  • 15. Panel sampling  The method of first selecting a group of participants through a random sampling  Period of data collection is called a "wave“  Panel sampling can also be used to inform researchers about within-person health changes due to age
  • 16. How many?  Qualitative researchers seek “saturation”  “How many” isn’t the issue. Do you understand the phenomenon? Have you learned enough?  Mere numbers are irrelevant. You want “verstehn” or deep understanding  Quantitative researchers seek statistical validity  Can you safely generalize to the population? Have you systematically excluded anyone? (See the “famous sampling mistake”)
  • 17. Improving Response Rates  Personalize the invitation  Offer money -- no strings attached