1. Traits :Inherited or Learned

2. Genetics Background:Gregor Mendel First man to understand genetics He studied inheritance in Pea Plants Experimented with cross pollination Discovered difference between dominant and recessive traits. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_mendel

3. Dominant vs. Recessive Dominant trait always appears when present Recessive traits can recede in background Need two recessive alleles for trait to show

4. Gregor Mendel's Punnett Square Dominant Allele Recessive Allele

5. Homozygous vs. Heterozygous Homozygous = Two same alleles to make up a trait Ex. BB, bb Heterozygous = Two different alleles Ex. Bb www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/genotypes

6. Genes Hold info to build / maintain cells Pass genetic info to offspring Make up a sequence of DNA www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene

7. Allele Make up part of a gene Make up trait of a organism Need two alleles to make up a trait

8. Genotype Full heredity information Determined fully by DNA Usually refers to specific character http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genotype-phenotype_distinction

9. Phenotype Trait of organism Molecular, physical, behavioral Determined by genes as well as environment Also effected by evolution / natural selection Genotype + Environment = Phenotype www.wiki.org/wiki/phenotype

10. Natural Selection Evolution of an organism Change occurs to help organism survive / reproduce Changes phenotype not genotype

11. Inherited Traits Traits of a person determined by genes Not something that can be changed Ex. Eye color, skin color

12. Environmental or Acquired Traits Things that effect organism that are learned Not effected by genes of organism Ex. Language a person speaks or accent

13. Build your own Punnett Square Fill in the blanks

14. Review Which of the following is a example of a Inherited trait? Hair color Favorite food Accent

15. Review Fill in the blank Genotype + __________ = Phenotype Is the allele combination BB or bb an example of homozygous or heterozygous trait?