React PHP: the NodeJS challenger

REACT PHP
The NodeJS Challenger
LUKE KYSOW
Software Engineer @Hootsuite
Find me on Twitter @lkysow

What is React
PHP?
Written by Igor Wiedler • @igorwhiletrue

$loop = ReactEventLoopFactory::create();
$socket = new ReactSocketServer($loop);
$http = new ReactHttpServer($socket, $loop)
$http->on('request', function ($req, $rep) {
$rep->writeHead();
$rep->end("Hello World!n");
});
$socket->listen(8000);
$loop->run();

Making lots of concurrent
requests (ex. Web Scraping)

Why does PHP
suck at solving
these problems?

Why is NodeJS
good at solving
these problems?

A typical web request
<?php
$request = $this->getRequest();
$param = $request->getParameter('param');
// these calls block
$apiResponse = $api->getSomething($param);
$dbResponse = $database->doSomething($param)
return new Response($apiResponse, $dbRespons

Latency Numbers Every
Programmer Should Know
L1 cache reference 0.5 ns
L2 cache reference 7 ns
Main memory reference 100 ns
Send 1K bytes over 1 Gbps
network
10,000 ns
Read 1 MB sequentially
from memory
250,000 ns
Round trip within same
datacenter
500,000 ns

A typical web request
<?php
$request = $this->getRequest(); // 1ns
$param = $request->getParameter('param'); //
// 100,000,000 ns
// 500,000 ns
// 1ns

Solution:
(╯°□°）╯︵ ┻━┻
Implement Non-Blocking I/O
and Event Loops in PHP!

Aside: Streams
$filePointer=fopen("http://google.com","rb
echostream_get_contents($filePointer,25);
//"<!doctypehtml><htmlitem"
echostream_get_contents($filePointer,25);
//"scope=""itemtype="http:/"

Aside: Streams
$filePointer = fopen("file:///tmp/test", "w"
fwrite($filePointer,
"Actual React code coming soon");

Convert this...
<?php
$request = $this->getRequest();
$param = $request->getParameter('param');
// these calls block

// get requests as streams
$apiStream = $api->getStream($param);
$dbStream = $database->getStream($param);
// still blocks
list($apiResp, $dbResp) =
$this->retrieveData($apiStream, $dbStream)
return new Response($apiResp, $dbResp);

$apiStream = $api->getStream($param);
$dbStream = $database->getStream($param);
// return asynchronously
$this->retrieveStreams($apiStream, $dbStre
->on('streamsReady',
function($apiResp, $dbResp) {
return new Response($apiResp, $dbRes
}
);

$filePointer = fopen("http://google.com", "r
$readable = [$filePointer];
$write = []; $exc = []; $t = 5;
if (stream_select($readable, $write, $exc, $
if ($readable) {
$googleStream = $readable[0];
echo stream_get_contents($googleStream,
// echoes <!doctype html><html item
}
}

What do we yield control to?

An Event Loop
<?php
while (true) {
$event = $this->getNextEvent();
$event->process();
}

while (true) {
if (stream_select($read, $write, $exc, 1))
if ($read) {
foreach ($readable as $stream) {
// run callback for that stream
}
}
if ($write) {
foreach ($writable as $stream) {
// run callback for that stream
}}
}
}

Non Blocking I/O
+ Event Loops
== Awesome

$socket->on('connection', function ($conn) {
$conn->write("Hello there!n");
$conn->write("Don't say anything...n");
$conn->on('data',
function ($data) use ($conn) {
$conn->close();
});
});
$loop->run()

$http = new ReactHttpServer($socket);
$http->on('request',
function ($request, $response) {
echo "I see a client!n";
$response->writeHead(200,
['Content-Type' => 'text/plain']);
$response->end("Hello World!n");
});
$loop->run();

Pipes
$socket->on('connection', function ($conn) {
$conn->pipe($conn);
}
);
$loop->run();

$waiting = null;
$socket->on('connection',
function ($conn) use (&$waiting) {
if (null === $waiting) {
$waiting = $conn;
$conn->write("Wait for a partner.n");
} else {
$conn->write("Connected!");
$waiting->write("Connected!");
$conn->pipe($waiting)->pipe($conn);
$waiting = null;
}});

React Projects
React In The Industry
Web Scraping with React

High Performance Symfony
TL;DR: You'll get with this approach almost 2.000 requests/s instead of
130 on a large Symfony app.
Even if you have an "opcode cache" you have to
declare classes, instantiate your objects, read your
caches, etc for every single request. As you can surely
imagine this is very time consuming and far away
from being a perfect setup for high performance.
http://marcjschmidt.de/blog/2014/02/08/php-high-performance.html

Is React PHP a
NodeJS
Challenger?

Fin
Luke Kysow • @lkysow
Please give me your feedback! http://tiny.cc/reactphp

React PHP: the NodeJS challenger

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