2. BASIC FIRE FIGHTING
• Importance of Fire Training
• Cause of Fire
• Parameters that Fire-Fighting depends on
• Fire Triangle & Extinguishing Method
• Classification of Fire
• Types of Extinguishers & How to use it
• PASS method of Fire Fighting
• Action in case of Fire
• Things you must know
• Do’s & Don’t
• Contact us
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3. Fire can have an devastating impact on anybody who is unfortunate enough to be near it.
We all know that the flames and heat from a fire can cause a great deal of harm – from
breathing the hot air killing a person instantly to life threatening or life changing burns
on the body. There are countless reasons why Fire Safety Training is important:
Fire Prevention
Saving Lives
Minimizing the Damage
In learning how to prevent fires from occurring you are largely reducing the risk of a
fire in your place of work.
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4. Cause of Fire
Housekeeping: Poor housekeeping is a poor fire hazard. Cloth, Paper, Cotton, Wood etc are the
sources of ignition. They should be kept away from combusting material like petrol, oil, burning
gases etc.
Smoking: Careless smoking in non-smoking areas should be stopped.
Welding: While doing gas welding, flying sparks which falls on inflammable material can result in a
fire.
Ignorance about Fire Hazards: Lack of knowledge about safe method of storage of inflammable
liquids, materials or gases.
Negligent Habit: Our negligent or careless habit are responsible for fire out break. A lighted
matchstick, cigarette end carelessly thrown on any combusting material.
Kitchen: Most sensible area to get fire in a hotel or restaurant. Kitchen staff should take extra care
while preparing food. In kitchen because of carelessness, oil fire or gas fire can take place.
Electrical Panel Room: No material to be stored in electrical panel room. Small short-circuit will be
converted into big fire. 4
5. a. Fire Fighting equipment should be in working condition
b. Fire warning system & availability of extinguishers
c. Fire Fighting Training
d. Knowledge of Fire- It is essential for everyone to know type of fire and then
extinguish it with correct extinguisher in quick & effective manner
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6. Fire is caused according to the
principle of Triangle:
1. Heat (Temperature reaching
ignition point)
2. Fuel (Combusting Material)
3. Air (Oxygen)
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7. Extinguishing Method
1. Heat - by Cooling (putting water)
2. Air - by Smothering (Covering/Blanketing)
3. Fuel – by Starving (Remove Burning Material)
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9. Types of Extinguishers
Water Type Removes Heat (for A class of Fire)
Foam Type Cutting of Oxygen (for A, B Fire)
CO2 Type Displace Oxygen (for B,C,E Fire)
DCP Type
Cutting of Oxygen (for B,C,E Fire. If
ammonium phosphate is used then it can
be used on A class also)
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11. CO2 Extinguisher
• Contains: Liquified CO2, 4.5 Kg at 1.125 PSI and at 16
degree
• Operation: Hold the extinguishers by trigger assembly.
Remove safety pin. Approach base of fire. Open the valve
fully & sweep it. (By this, we are cutting the oxygen of fire
called smothering)
• Suitable for: B,C & Electrical Fire
• Note: (i) do not grip the fibre hose or cylinder during use
or you will get cold burn
• (ii) it cannot be used against A class of fire because there is
no cooling effect as CO2 escapes in Air.
• (iii) it cannot be used against D class of fire because
reaction takes place.
12. AFFF Type
Contains: 550 ML aqueous Film Forming Foam compound
mixed with fresh water & One CO2 cartridge of 60-90 gm.
Operation: Open the safety pin. Hold the hose towards base
of fire. Strike the knob with left hand. CO2 cartridge will
break & AFFF foam with a pressure of 3.5 kg/cm2 will come
out. Sweep it on fire. By this, we are cutting the oxygen of
fire called smothering.
Suitable for: A&B Electrical Fire
Note: Not to use on electrical & D class of fire because of fire
reaction.
f
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13. • Contain: Contain 5 Kg Mono Ammonium
Phosphate with nitrogen gas under pressure. It
does not have cartridge.
• Operation: Remove the safety pin. Press the
handle & Sweep. We can stop any time in between
by releasing handle. Nitrogen drives to jetting
powder by extinguishing. By this, we are cutting off
oxygen called smothering.
• Suitable For: A,B,C & E class of fire.
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14. • Contains: Contains Sodium Bicarbonate powder 5 Kg &
Co2 cartridge 120-150 gm
• Operation: Remove the safety pin. Hold the hose to
base of fire. Strike the knob with hand & sweep the hose on
fire. We cannot stop till the extinguisher finishes. Co2 drives
to jetting powder for extinguishing. By this, we are cutting
off oxygen call smothering.
• Suitable for: B, C & E class of fire.
• Note: Cannot be used against A class of fire
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17. Action in case of fire
1. Action should be quick so that small fire can be extinguish
immediately. The delay in action can result the fire to grow &
may become difficult to be controlled.
2. During break out of fire, do not panic, don’t confuse & don’t
be nervous.
3. If it is major fire then inform Fire brigade by dialling 101 and
ambulance by dialling 102
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18. YOU MUST KNOW
• The place where the Fire Extinguishers are kept
• The place where fire hydrant hoses & fire buckets are
kept
• Fire hydrant points
• The telephone numbers of Fire brigade, Ambulance &
police
• What is the class of fire & what kind of fire
extinguishers can be used
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19. Do’s & Don'ts
Do not use lifts. Use only staircase
Do not run to fire zone without extinguishers
Do not shout
Do not waste time to collect personal belongings
Use wet towel on your mouth & nose
Crawl at lower level while passing through smoke
Do not jump out of windows
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