Managing Change in Complex Systems

Den Wandel gestalten 25.11.2016
www.comitans.ch 1
…Neues aus der Komplexitätsforschung, Biokybernetik,
Systemtheorie…
Freie Gedanken…
Philippe Vallat
Was heisst “Wandel”
in komplexen Systemen?
Den Wandel gestalten - 25.11.2016 Wandel und Komplexität 1
Agenda
1. Komplexe Systeme?
2. Wandel
3. Mentale Muster
4. Welche Haltung?
5. «Post-…»: was nacher?

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“Complexity theory is not a cohesive theory. It is not
one equation.
It is really a collection of ideas about the concept of
change in complex adaptive systems […].
It talks about the dynamics of change in a system.”
Irene Sanders
KOMPLEXE SYSTEME?

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Complex_systems_organizational_map.jpg
Umgang mit Komplexität
(Jürgen Appelo)
Address complexity with complexity
Use a diversity of models
Assume dependence on context
Assume subjectivity and coevolution
Anticipate, adapt, and explore
Develop models in collaboration
Copy and change

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WANDEL?
Mikroveränderung:
Evolution, Progression,
Inkrement Makroveränderung:
Revolution, Diskontinuität,
Disruption

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“For systems dynamics thinkers, the aim is to identify
leverage points for interventions that will enable them
to identify where, when and how to initiate change and
so stay in control.
However, the ability to do this in a system that is
sensitive to tiny changes is called into question. That
obviously has serious implications for the human ability
to stay ‘in control’.”
Ralph Stacey

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Ökozyklus des Wandels
(Hurst)

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Wo steht das System?
MENTALE MUSTER?

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“The search for simple –if not simpleminded–
solutions to complex problems is a
consequence of the inability to deal
effectively with complexity.”
Russel Ackoff
Problem der Fähigkeiten (Alberts)
Fähigkeit, das Problem
zu verstehen
Fähigkeit, das Problem
zu lösen
Fähigkeit zu
entscheiden (lassen)
Fähigkeit zu lernen
und sich anzupassen
Alberts, David S. The Agility Advantage: A Survival Guide for Complex Enterprises and
Endeavors. Washington, DC: DoD Command and Control Research Program, 2011.

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Leverage Points: Places to Intervene in
a System (Donella Meadows, 1997)
12. Constants, parameters, numbers (such as subsidies, taxes, standards)
11. The size of buffers and other stabilizing stocks, relative to their flows
10. Structure of material stocks and flows (such as transport network,
population age structures)
9. Length of delays, relative to the rate of system changes
8. Strength of negative feedback loops, relative to the effect they are trying to
correct against
7. Gain around driving positive feedback loops6. Structure of information flow
(who does and does not have access to what kinds of information)
5. Rules of the system (such as incentives, punishment, constraints)
4. Power to add, change, evolve, or self-organize system structure
3. Goal of the system
2. Mindset or paradigm that the system — its goals, structure, rules,
delays, parameters — arises from
1. Power to transcend paradigms
http://donellameadows.org/archives/leverage-points-places-to-intervene-in-a-system/
Grösste Hebel
3. Goal of the system
Changing goals changes every item listed above: parameters, feedback
loops, information and self-organization.
2. Mindset or paradigm that the system — its goals, structure, rules,
delays, parameters — arises from
A societal paradigm is an idea, a shared unstated assumption, or a system
of thought that is the foundation of complex social structures. Paradigms
are very hard to change, but there are no limits to paradigm change.
1. Power to transcend paradigms
Transcending paradigms may go beyond challenging fundamental
assumptions, into the realm of changing the values and priorities that lead
to the assumptions, and being able to choose among value sets at will.

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Fünf Diszipline
(Peter Senge)
Den Wandel gestalten - 25.11.2016 25
1)
Selbstschulung
und
Persönlichkeits-
entwicklung
2) Mentale
Modelle
3) Gemeinsame
Vision
4) Lernen im
Team
5) Denken in
Systeme
Wandel und Komplexität
Logische Ebenen
(Robert Dilts)

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10 core materialistic beliefs
(Rupert Sheldrake)
1. Everything is essentially mechanical. Dogs,
for example, are complex mechanisms, rather
than living organisms with goals of their own.
Even people are machines, “lumbering robots,”
in Richard Dawkins' vivid phrase, with brains
that are like genetically programmed
computers.
2. All matter is unconscious. It has no inner life
or subjectivity or point of view. Even human
consciousness is an illusion produced by the
material activities of brains.
3. The total amount of matter and energy is
always the same (with the exception of the
Big Bang, when all the matter and energy of
the universe suddenly appeared).
4. The laws of nature are fixed. They are the
same today as they were at the beginning, and
they will stay the same forever.
5. Nature is purposeless, and evolution has no
goal or direction.
6. All biological inheritance is material,
carried in the genetic material, DNA, and in
other material structures.
7. Minds are inside heads and are nothing but
the activities of brains. When you look at a
tree, the image of the tree you are seeing is
not “out there,” where it seems to be, but
inside your brain.
8. Memories are stored as material traces in
brains and are wiped out at death.
9. Unexplained phenomena like telepathy are
illusory.
10. Mechanistic medicine is the only kind that
really works.
The Eight Laws of Social Change
“Social Change requires wisdom,
character, patience, and the
willingness to forego any personal
credit.”
Stephan A. Schwartz
www.stephanaschwartz.com/

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The Eight Laws
of Social Change
1.The individuals (individually) and the
group (collectively) share a common
intention.
2.The individuals and the group may
have goals and cherish the potential
outcomes.
3.The individuals in the group accept
that their goal may not be reached in
their lifetimes, and are O.K. with that.
4.The individuals in the group accept
that they may not get either credit or
acknowledgment for what they have
done, and are authentically O.K. about
this.
5. Each person in the group regardless
of gender, religion, race, or culture
enjoy fundamental equality while the
various roles in the hierarchy of the
effort are respected.
6. The individuals in the group
foreswear violence in word, act or
thought.
7. The individuals in the group must
make their personal lives consistent
with their public postures.
8. The individuals (individually) and the
group (collectively) always act from
the “beingness” of integrity.
primum
non nocere

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Beingness
“It is from Beingness that Doingness
springs...
not the other way around. “
Neale Donald Walsch
http://aboq.org/walsch/bulletin/beingness.htm

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POST-?

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The Bond
Frontier biologists, physicists, psychologists and
sociologists have all found evidence that (…)
between the smallest particles of our being, our
bodies and their environments, ourselves and all of
the people with whom we are in contact, (…) there is
a Bond – (…) there is no longer a clear demarcation
between the end of one thing and the beginning of
another.
The world essentially operates, not through the
activity of individual things, but in the connection
between them -- in a sense, within the space
between things.
Lynne McTaggart
http://thebond.net/
Morphic fields
Morphic resonance gives an inherent memory in
fields at all levels of complexity. Any given
morphic system, say, a squirrel, "tunes in" to
previous similar systems, in this case previous
squirrels of its species. Through this process each
individual squirrel draws upon, and in turn
contributes to, a collective or pooled memory of
its kind. In the human realm, this kind of
collective memory corresponds to what the
psychologist C. G. Jung called the "collective
unconscious."
http://noetic.org/noetic/issue-four-november-2010/morphic-fields-and-morphic-resonance/
Ruppert Sheldrake

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Manifesto for a Post-Materialist Science
“The nearly absolute dominance of
materialism in the academic world has
seriously constricted the sciences…”
“Science is first and foremost a non-
dogmatic, open-minded method of
acquiring knowledge about nature”
“Psychological studies have shown that
conscious mental activity can causally
influence behavior”
“…we can mentally influence—at a
distance—physical devices and living
organisms (including other human beings)”
“Materialist theories fail to elucidate how
brain could generate the mind…”
Post-materialism Paradigm
http://opensciences.org/about/manifesto-for-a-post-materialist-science
a) Mind represents an aspect of reality as primordial as the physical
world.
b) There is a deep interconnectedness between mind and the
physical world.
c) Mind (will/intention) can influence the state of the physical world
d) Minds (…) may unite in ways suggesting a unitary, One Mind that
includes all individual, single minds
e) The mind can work through the brain, but is not produced by it
f) (…)

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People and relationships
“We found that this new science leads to a
new theory of business that places people
and relationships […] into dramatic relief.”
Roger Lewin, Birute Regine
„Draussen, jenseits der
Vorstellungen von Fehlverhalten
und Wohlverhalten, liegt ein Feld.
Dort werd‘ ich mit dir
zusammentreffen.
Wenn die Seele sich in jenes
Grasland niederlegt, ist die Welt zu
sehr erfüllt, um darüber zu reden.
Vorstellungen, Sprache, selbst der
Ausdruck „der Andere“ ergeben
keinerlei Sinn mehr.„
Rumi

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