EAP refers to English for Academic Purposes and is used to help students and staff learn the linguistic and cultural practices needed to study or work through English in higher education. The objective of EAP is to help learners succeed in their academic careers. ESP refers to English for Specific Purposes and is goal-oriented for professional or academic use of English. ESP courses are based on a needs analysis to determine the exact language needs of learners. While both EAP and ESP focus on communicative language teaching, EAP pays close attention to learners' academic aims and writing process, and ESP tailors skills based on specific professional needs.