Slides from a must-know WEBINAR lecture for NCLEX -high-yield review of Dietary concepts and frequently tested nutrition topics with focus on client counseling, dietary advice in select in disease conditions, prioritization, and nursing interventions.

1. Diets and
Nutrition
www.ArcheReview.com
These slides are vey brief summary of the
high-yield Archer NCLEX Diets/ Nutrition
webinar
Archer Review NCLEX Crash Course

2. Welcome!
● Please stay muted so that there is no background noise.
● If you have a question please enter it in the chat, or use the ‘raise hand’
feature, so that I can un-mute you and you can ask your question.
● We will be taking a 5-10 minute breaks throughout the course, and a
break for lunch.

3. Electrolytes
Who needs what and when?!

4. Potassium

5. When is a high potassium diet needed?
● Low potassium levels
○ K < 3.5
○ EKG changes
● When a patient is on a potassium wasting diuretic
○ Furosemide
○ Loop diuretics
● Cushing’s syndrome
● NGT to suction
● Vomiting
● Diarrhea
● Hyperinsulinism

7. When is a low potassium diet needed?
● High potassium levels
○ K >5
○ EKG changes
● Adrenal insufficiency
● Renal failure
● DKA
● Drugs that increase potassium levels
○ ACE inhibitors
○ NSAIDs
○ Potassium-sparing diuretics

9. NCLEX Question
A patient who is taking Lasix knows that he should increase the intake of
what food?
A. Avocado
B. Iceberg lettuce
C. Plums
D. Apples

10. Answer: A
The correct answer is A. Lasix is the most frequently prescribed loop diuretic. It can increase urine
output, even when blood flow to the kidneys is diminished. The rapid excretion of large amounts of
water caused by loop diuretics may produce adverse effects, such as dehydration and electrolyte
imbalances. Potassium loss may result in dysrhythmias. Therefore, potassium supplements and
foods high in potassium are encouraged. Avacado has high levels of potassium in it, which tends to
be lower in a patient taking Lasix.
B, C, and D are incorrect. Each of these options offers little no value of potassium to the diet.
NCSBN Client Need
Topic: Physiological Integrity
Subtopic: Pharmacological Therapies
Chapter 28: Drugs for Fluid, Acid-Base and Electrolyte Disorders
Core Concepts in Pharmacology (Holland/Adams)

11. Calcium

12. When is a high calcium diet needed?
● Low calcium levels
○ Ca < 8.4
● Renal failure
● Acute pancreatitis
● Malnutrition
○ Bulimia
● Malabsorption
○ Celiac disease
○ Crohn's disease
● Alcoholism
● Vitamin D deficiency
● Hypoparathyroidism
● Hyperphosphatemia

14. When is a low calcium diet needed?
● Low calcium levels
○ Ca >10.2
● Cancer of the bones
● Thiazide diuretics
● Glucocorticoids
● Immobility
● Kidney stones
● Vitamin D toxicity
● Hyperparathyroidism
● Hypophosphatemia

15. Foods low in calcium

16. NCLEX Question
The nurse educates the client with urinary tract calculi that he may have which
of the following foods: Select All That Apply.
A. Broccoli
B. Lettuce
C. Cheese
D. Apples

17. Answer: A, B, and D
Kidney stones in the urinary tract are formed in several ways. Calcium can combine with chemicals,
such as oxalate or phosphorous, in the urine. This can happen if these substances become so
concentrated that they solidify. Kidney stones can also be caused by a buildup of uric acid related to
the metabolism of protein. Most urinary tract calculi can usually be avoided through diet.
The correct answers are A, B, and D.
C is incorrect. Cheese has a high calcium contact, which can increase the risk of developing urinary
tract calculi and should, therefore, be avoided.
NCSBN Client Need
Topic: Physiological Integrity
Subtopic: Physiological Adaptation
Chapter 48: Urinary Elimination
Lesson: Altered Urinary Elimination
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing(Kozier and Erb)

18. Phosphorus

19. When is a high phosphorus diet needed?
● Low phosphorus levels
○ Phos <3
● Malnutrition
● Starvation
● Refeeding syndrome
● Alcoholism
● TPN
● Hyperparathyroidism

21. When is a low phosphorus diet needed?
● High phosphorus levels
○ Phos >4.5
● Renal failure
● Tumor lysis syndrome
● Hypoparathyroidism

22. Foods low in phosphorus

23. NCLEX Question
The nurse is reviewing the diet of the patient with hypoparathyroidism. The
nurse understands that the client should be on what type of diet?
A. High calorie, low calcium diet
B. Low calcium, low phosphorus diet
C. High phosphorus, low calcium diet
D. High calcium, low phosphorus diet

24. Answer: D
A is incorrect. It does not matter whether the client is eating a high-calorie diet, as long as the client
adheres to high calcium and low phosphorus diet.
B is incorrect. A client with hypoparathyroidism should receive a diet that is high in calcium and low
in phosphorus.
C is incorrect. A client with hypoparathyroidism should receive a diet that is high in calcium and low
in phosphorus.
D is correct. A client with hypoparathyroidism should receive a diet that is high in calcium and low
in phosphorus. A high calcium diet may increase the client’s serum calcium levels through the food
he eats. A low phosphorus diet ensures that his phosphorus levels are small so that it will not
interfere with his calcium levels. Calcium and Phosphorus have an inversely proportional
relationship.
Reference
Black, JM, Hawkes, JH; Medical-Surgical Nursing: Clinical Care for Positive Outcomes 8th edition, Nebraska: Elsevier 2009

25. Low sodium

26. When is a low sodium diet needed?
● Heart failure
○ CHF
○ Right
○ Left
● High blood pressure
● Cirrhosis
● Edema
● Kidney disease
○ Glomerulonephritis
○ Nephrotic syndrome

28. High sodium

29. When is a high sodium diet needed?
● Addison’s disease

31. NCLEX Question
A client has been placed on a sodium-restricted diet following a myocardial
infarction. Which of the following would be the most appropriate meals to
suggest?
A. Turkey, 1 fresh sweet potato, 1/2 cup fresh green beans, milk, and 1
orange
B. Broiled fish, 1 baked potato, ½ cup canned beets, 1 orange, and milk
C. Canned salmon, fresh broccoli, 1 biscuit, tea, and 1 apple
D. A bologna sandwich, fresh eggplant, 2 oz. fresh fruit, tea, and apple juice

32. Answer: A
The correct answer is A. People with heart failure may improve their symptoms by reducing the
amount of sodium in their diet. Sodium is a mineral found in many foods, especially salt.
Overeating salt causes the body to keep or retain too much water, worsening the fluid buildup.
Patients should be encouraged to follow a low-sodium diet to help manage symptoms of
hypertension and to reduce edema. One of the most natural things a patient can do at home to
reduce sodium intake is to eat fresh vegetables rather than canned. If canned vegetables are the
only option, the patient should rinse the plants with clean water and cook them with new, unsalted
water.
B is incorrect. Canned vegetables should be avoided.
C and D are incorrect. Canned or processed meats are higher in sodium and should be avoided.
NCSBN Client Need
Topic: Physiological Integrity
Subtopic: Basic Care and Comfort
Fundamentals of Nursing
Chapter 51: Circulation
Lesson: Alterations in Cardiac Functioning/Dietary Consideration

33. Vitamins & Minerals
They might be small but they’re oh so important!

34. Iron

35. When is a high iron diet needed?
● Iron deficiency anemia
● Pregnant women

36. Foods high in iron

37. NCLEX Question
The home health nurse is talking to a client with iron-deficiency anemia.
Which meal plan would indicate to the nurse that the client understood her
discharge instructions?
A. Roast beef, gelatin salad, green beans, and peach pie
B. Chicken salad, coleslaw, French fries, ice cream
C. Egg salad on wheat bread, carrot sticks, lettuce salad, raisins
D. Pork chop, creamed potatoes, corn, and coconut cake

38. Answer: C
A is incorrect. Roast beef is high in iron; however, the other dishes accompanying the meal are low
in iron.
B is incorrect. Chicken and green leafy vegetables are rich in iron; however, French fries and ice
cream have low nutritional value.
C is correct. Foods that are high in iron are egg yolks, wheat bread, carrots, green leafy vegetables,
and raisins. This is an optimal meal for the client to increase his dietary iron intake.
D is incorrect. Pork chops contain high iron. Potatoes, corn, and coconuts, however, contain low
iron.
Reference
Silvestri, L. Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN Examination,6th Edition. Saunders-Elsevier 2014
Ignatavicius DD, Workman LM. Medical-Surgical Nursing: Patient-Centered Collaborative Care, 7th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2013
Black, JM, Hawkes, JH; Medical-Surgical Nursing: Clinical Care for Positive Outcomes 8th edition, Nebraska: Elsevier 2009

39. High fiber

40. When is a high fiber diet needed?
● Constipation
● Irritable bowel syndrome
● CAD

41. Foods high in fiber

42. Low fiber

43. When is a low fiber diet needed?
● Crohn’s
● Ulcerative Colitis

45. NCLEX Question
The client is talking to the nurse about dietary modifications for his Irritable
Bowel Syndrome. The nurse listens carefully to what the client says he has
been eating and interrupts to provide further instructions when she hears the
client say:
A. He has been drinking 8 glasses of water daily
B. He has been eating more broccoli and fresh vegetables lately
C. He ate pasta two days ago
D. He has been eating brown rice instead of white rice ever since he was
discharged from the hospital

46. Answer: C
A is incorrect. The patient should drink 6-8 eight-ounce glasses of water daily to help regulate stool
consistency and frequency.
B is incorrect. The patient with Irritable Bowel Syndrome should eat a high fiber diet to produce
bulkier stools and reduce the tension in the Sigmoid colon. Broccoli and other fresh vegetables are
foods that are high in fiber.
C is correct. The nurse should provide further teaching to the client when he states that he ate
pasta because pasta is a low fiber food, and patients with IBS should have a fiber diet.
D is incorrect. The patient with Irritable Bowel Syndrome should eat a high fiber diet to produce
bulkier stools and reduce the tension in the Sigmoid colon. Brown rice is high in fiber.
Reference:
Black, JM, Hawkes, JH; Medical-Surgical Nursing: Clinical Care for Positive Outcomes 8th edition, Nebraska: Elsevier 2009

47. Break!Back at….

48. Macronutrients
Carbs, proteins, and all the good stuff

49. Carbohydrates

50. High carb foods

51. Low carb foods

52. Diabetes and Diets

53. What to eat
● Low carb
● Complex carbs
● High proteins
● Fruits
● Veggies
● Eat before exercising
Specifics
● Count carbs
○ Average - 60 carbs/meal
● Take insulin with meals
○ Cover carbs
○ Sliding scale for BG correction

54. High Protein

55. When is a high protein diet needed?
● Nephrotic syndrome*
● Cystic fibrosis
With kidney issues: low protein EXCEPT for nephrotic syndrome!

57. Low protein

58. When is a low protein diet needed?
● Liver disease
○ Hepatitis
○ Hepatic coma
○ Cirrhosis
● Kidney disease
○ Glomerulonephritis

59. Foods low in protein

60. Cholesterol

61. When is a low cholesterol diet needed?
● Hyperlipidemia

62. Foods high in cholesterol
● Red meats
● Polyunsaturated fats
○ Vegetable oils

63. NCLEX Question
The patient has just been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. Aside from the
prescribed Atorvastatin, she is advised to lose weight and implement some
dietary changes. The nurse talks to her about possible nutritional
modifications. All of the following are accurate except:
A. Replace vegetable oil with canola oil when cooking.
B. Eat fish like tuna and salmon more often.
C. Eat more fruits and vegetables.
D. Eat more red meats more often.

64. Answer: D
A is incorrect. Replacing vegetable oils high in polyunsaturated fats with canola oil
(monounsaturated fats) is beneficial to reduce cholesterol levels.
B is incorrect. Fish like tuna and salmon are rich in Omega 3 fatty acids, which help in
reducing harmful cholesterol levels.
C is incorrect. Fruits and vegetables contain fiber, which promotes a healthy cholesterol
level.
D is correct. Red meats are rich in saturated fat. They should be eaten less frequently
because it contributes to high cholesterol levels.
Reference
Nugent, P., et al., Mosby&rsquo;s Comprehensive Review of Nursing for the NCLEX-RN Examination. 20th Edition, Elsevier 2012

65. Specific
Diets

66. DASH Diet

67. What is the DASH diet?
● Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
● Low sodium
● High calcium
● High potassium
● Low fat
● High fiber

69. NCLEX Question
The patient is being discharged from the hospital after being admitted
because of Hypertension. The nurse is talking to the patient about dietary
modifications to address hypertension. The nurse should reinforce her
teaching when the client states which of the following:
A. “I’m glad I can still eat beef and pork every day.”
B. “I will need to get used to eating fruits and vegetables.”
C. “I should stop eating canned foods”
D. “I have already told my son to buy me some yogurt when I get home.”

70. Answer: A
A is correct. The client’s dietary modifications include low fat, low sodium, high fiber, high calcium,
and potassium diet. The nurse should reeducate the client that eating beef and pork is rich in
saturated fats and should only be eaten sparingly.
B is incorrect. The client’s dietary modifications include low fat, low sodium, high fiber, high calcium,
and potassium diet. Fruits and vegetables have a high fiber and vitamin and mineral content and
must be consumed regularly to help lower blood pressure.
C is incorrect. The client’s dietary modifications include low fat, low sodium, high fiber, high calcium,
and potassium diet. Canned foods have high sodium content due to its preservatives. The patient
should avoid these.
D is incorrect. The client’s dietary modifications include low fat, low sodium, high fiber, high calcium,
and potassium diet. Yogurt is rich in calcium and low in fat.
Reference
Nugent, P., et al., Mosby&rsquo;s Comprehensive Review of Nursing for the NCLEX-RN Examination. 20th Edition, Elsevier 2012

71. Heart Healthy Diet

72. What is a heart healthy diet?
● Low fat
● Low salt
● Low cholesterol
● Low saturated fats
● Complex carbohydrates and vegetable proteins
● Reducing caloric intake to achieve/maintain ideal body weight

74. When is a heart healthy diet needed?
● Heart disease
● MI
● High cholesterol
● High BMI
● Metabolic syndrome
● CAD

75. NCLEX Question
The nurse is giving an in-service on decreasing CAD risk. Which information
regarding nutritional recommendations should be included? (Select all that
apply)
A. Increase complex carbohydrates in diet.
B. Decrease caloric intake to achieve BMI of 25-29.9.
C. Reduce sodium intake.
D. Reduce saturated fat intake.

76. Answer: A, C, and D
A, C, and D are correct. Dietary recommendations for reducing CAD risk
include increasing dietary complex carbohydrates and vegetable proteins,
reducing sodium intake, reducing caloric intake to achieve/maintain ideal
body weight, and limiting dietary cholesterol and total and saturated (animal)
fats.
B is incorrect. The BMI range of 25-29.9 is considered overweight. The target
BMI range is 18.5-24.9.
Subject: Adult health
Lesson: Nutrition
Topic: Nutrition and oral hydration, illness management
Reference: (Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, Bucher, &amp; Camera, 2011, p. 767)

77. Gluten Free Diet

78. When is a gluten free diet needed?
● Celiac disease
● Gluten intolerance

79. Gluten-free foods

80. Foods with gluten

81. NCLEX Question
The mother of a toddler with Celiac disease is being instructed by the nurse
regarding dietary modifications for her child. Which food choice by the
mother would indicate a need for further discussion?
A. Rice cakes
B. Resturant made french fries
C. Milk shake
D. Grilled chicken

82. Answer: B
Choice B is correct. Clients with Celiac disease are advised on a gluten-free diet. While potatoes are naturally free of
gluten, French fries made at restaurants aren't necessarily gluten-free. According to the Celiac Disease Foundation,
French fries are among the most easily cross-contaminated food in the restaurants. The majority of fast food joints
and restaurants fry these fries with other gluten-filled eats (shared fryers), causing cross-contamination. Among the
options above, restaurant based French Fried are the ones to avoid unless they are labeled strictly gluten free. Such
food choice by the mother requires further discussion and clarification.
Choice A is incorrect. Anything made from brown, white, or wild rice, including rice-based products, such as rice
cakes and puffed rice usually, do not contain gluten. Therefore, it is safe for the child to eat Rice cakes.
Choice C is incorrect. Milk does not contain gluten; therefore, it is safe for the child.
Choice D is incorrect. Meat is naturally gluten-free. Chicken does not contain gluten; therefore, it is safe for the child
to eat.
Reference
Pillitteri, A. Maternal and Child Health Nursing: Care of the Childbearing and Childbearing Family, 4th Edition; Lippincott, Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2003

83. Ketogenic Diet

84. What is a ketogenic diet?
● A ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet
used to treat hard-to-control epilepsy in children. In this diet, because the
body has so few carbs to use for energy, it burns fat, which produces
ketones.

86. Religious & Cultural
Dietary needs

87. Orthodox Jewish
● Kosher
○ No shellfish
○ No pork
○ Meats that are allowed include animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-hoofed, and
those that are ritually slaughtered.
● Patient will need wrapped plastic utensils and they will unwrap the
utensils and prepare their own meal
● Do not combine meats and dairy products in the same meal.

88. Seventh-Day Adventist church
● No alcohol
● No caffeine
● Lacto-ovo vegetarians
○ Eggs and dairy products okay
○ No meat
● No pork

89. Islam
● Halal
○ No alcohol
○ No meat
○ No fish
○ No eggs
○ Dairy -okay!
● Ramadan
○ Fast during daylight hours

90. Hinduism
● Hindus practice ayurvedic medicine, which encompasses all aspects of
life, including diet, sleep, elimination, and hygiene.
● Most Hindus are lacto-vegetarians.
○ No eggs
○ No fish or other meat
○ Dairy - okay!
● Fasting usually means eating only pure foods, such as fruit or yogurt, but
is not expected of the sick.

91. NCLEX Question
You are caring for a client in the step-down unit who tells you that they are
an active member of the Seventh-Day Adventist church. When their breakfast
tray comes up, you see the following items. Knowing the religious dietary
preferences of these clients, which item does the nurse remove from the
breakfast tray? Select all that apply
A. Coffee
B. Bacon
C. Scrambled eggs
D. Pancakes

92. Answers: A and B
The correct answers are A and B. Members of the Seventh-Day Adventist church are not permitted
to consume alcohol or caffeinated beverages. Due to this dietary preference the nurse should
remove the coffee from the client’s breakfast tray. These individuals are usually Lacto-ovo
vegetarians, and for those who do consume meat pork is avoided. Because of this, the nurse
should remove the bacon from the breakfast tray.
C is incorrect. Scrambled eggs would be allowed for Lacto-ovo vegetarians.
D is incorrect. Pancakes would not violate any of these dietary restrictions.
NCSBN client need:
Topic: Psychosocial Integrity Subtopic: Religious and Spiritual Influences on Health
Reference:
Silvestri, L.; Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN Examination, ed 6, St. Louis, 2014, Elsevier, p. 97

93. Diet ordersNPO, clears, and more, oh my!

94. NPO
● Nothing by mouth
● Pre-op
● Post-op before bowel sounds return

95. Clear liquids
● Clear liquid diets
consist of foods and
liquids that are
transparent to light
and are liquid when
at body temperature.
● This diet is best for
patients who have not
had oral intake for
some time, and for
the first time, a
patient eats after
complete bowel rest.

96. Full liquids
● This diet is appropriate as a transition after a clear liquid diet for patients
following surgery, but should not be the first diet ordered.
● Ice cream
● Strained soups
● Sherbet
● Milk
● Pudding
● Custards
● Refined cooked cereals
● Strained vegetable juices

97. Mechanical soft
● Facilitate mastication
○ Patients without teeth
○ Jaw surgery or injuries
● Swallowing problems
● Dentition problems

98. NCLEX Question
While working in a post-operative unit, the nurse is assigned to take care of a
32-year-old who is post-op day one from an appendectomy. The patient has
not eaten for the past three days and is asking when she will be allowed to
have a meal again. Upon consulting with the interdisciplinary team, the
provider decides it is time to place a diet order for your patient. Which diet
does the nurse expect the provider will order?
A. Full liquid diet
B. Clear liquid diet
C. Soft diet
D. Mechanical diet

99. Answer: B
Correct Answer: B. A clear liquid diet is the most appropriate choice for this patient. Clear liquid
diets consist of foods and liquids that are transparent to light and are liquid when at body
temperature. This diet is best for patients who have not had oral intake for some time, and for the
first time, a patient eats after complete bowel rest.
A is incorrect. A full liquid diet is wrong. This diet is appropriate as a transition after a clear liquid
diet for patients following surgery, but should not be the first diet ordered.
C is incorrect. A soft diet is also wrong, as this is only indicated when patients have difficulty
chewing or swallowing and need foods that are much easier to eat.
D is incorrect. A mechanical diet is not appropriate for this patient. This diet consisted of foods that
have been processed so that they do not require some or any chewing. It is used for patients with
dental problems, surgeries to the head and neck, or other disorders that make chewing difficult or
unsafe.
NCSBN Client Need:

100. NCLEX Question
A post gastric bypass client has been advanced from a clear liquid diet to a
full liquid diet. The client verbalized that he was happy about the diet change
because he has been bored with the clear liquid diet. Which item should the
nurse offer to the client that belongs to a full liquid diet?
A. Gelatin
B. Tea
C. Custard
D. Popsicle

101. Answer: C
Rationale: A full liquid diet includes food items such as plain ice cream, soups
that are strained, sherbet, milk, pudding and custard, breakfast drinks,
refined cooked cereals, and strained vegetable juices. A clear liquid diet, on
the other hand, consists of relatively transparent foods. The food items in
options A, B, and D are clear liquids and are, therefore, the incorrect answer.
Custard is under the full liquid diet specification and is the correct answer.
Source: Ignatavicius DD, Workman LM. Medical-Surgical Nursing: Patient-Centered Collaborative Care, 7th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2013.

102. Wrap up
questions

103. NCLEX Question
Select the diet that would most likely be ordered for a client who is
edentulous.
A. A low sodium diet to prevent edema and excessive fluid
B. A mechanical soft diet to facilitate mastication
C. A renal diet to prevent fluid retention and edema
D. A high fiber diet to prevent constipation secondary to edema

104. Answer: B
B is correct. A mechanical soft diet to facilitate mastication would most likely be ordered for a client
who is edentulous. This diet would help the client who is without teeth, or edentulous, to chew, or
gnaw, their food with their gums. Other diets do not meet this nutritional and safe eating need.
Choice A is incorrect. A low sodium diet to prevent edema and excessive fluid is indicated for
clients affected with edema, renal disease, and heart disease, but not edentulous clients.
Choice C is incorrect. A renal diet to prevent fluid retention and edema is indicated for clients
affected with renal disease and kidney failure, but not edentulous clients.
Choice D is incorrect. A high fiber diet is indicated for clients at risk for and constipated, but it is not
indicated for clients who are edentulous.
Reference: Knippa, Audrey, Sheryl Sommer, Brenda Ball et al. (2010) Nutrition for Nursing 4.0; ATI Nursing Education.

105. NCLEX Question
Select the therapeutic diet that is accurately paired with an indicator of it.
A. The DASH diet: Heart failure
B. A high fiber diet: Coronary artery disease
C. Mechanical soft diet: Myocardial infarction
D. A weight reduction diet: Heart disease

106. Answer: B
Choice B is correct. A high fiber diet and a low cholesterol diet are indicated for clients affected with
coronary artery disease. The goal of the low cholesterol diet is to decrease the patient’s LDL level by
limiting dietary cholesterol intake to less than 200 mg per day and the goal of a high fiber diet to lower
LDL.
Choice A is incorrect. The DASH diet is used for clients who are affected with hypertension rather than
heart failure. The DASH diet consists of foods low in sodium, high in calcium and high in potassium.
Choice C is incorrect. A mechanical soft diet is used for clients with swallowing and dentition problems
rather than for clients who have had a myocardial infarction. Instead, clients who have had a myocardial
infarction have a clear liquid diet for 24 hours post the event and then a diet without caffeine.
Choice D is incorrect. A weight reduction diet is not necessarily indicated with clients affected with heart
disease because many clients with heart disease may be of normal weight or underweight.

107. NCLEX Question
A client admitted due to emergent hypertension is about to be discharged.
The nurse is giving instructions about dietary modifications. Which food
choice by the client would indicate an accurate understanding of low fat, low
cholesterol diet?
A. Macaroni and cheese
B. Fish and chips
C. Turkey breast salad
D. Pepperoni pizza

108. Answer: C
A is incorrect. Macaroni and cheese contain 8 grams of cholesterol and 5 grams of fat per 100-gram
servings.
B is incorrect. Fish and chips contain an average of 11.1 grams of fat per 100-gram serving.
C is correct. Turkey breast contains 2.2 grams of saturated fats, 2.1 grams of polyunsaturated fats,
and 2.6 grams of monounsaturated fats per 100 grams. It is also a high protein source `with 29
grams per 100 grams.
D is incorrect. Pepperoni pizza contains 10 grams of fat per 100-gram serving. It is also high in
saturated fat.
Reference

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