Children in Montenegro - Data from the 2011 Census

1. D a t a f r o m t h e 2 0 11 C e n s u s
CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO
Data from the 2011 Census
Publisher:
UNICEF Montenegro
Vladike Danila 28
20 000 Podgorica,
Montenegro
E-mail: podgorica@unicef.org
www.unicef.org/montenegro
© United Nation Children’s Fund
(UNICEF), August 2012

2. D a t a f r o m t h e 2 0 11 C e n s u s
1

3. CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO TABLE OF CONTENTS
D ATA F R O M T H E 2 0 1 1 C E N S U S
Study prepared by: FOREWORD........................................................................................................4
Statistical Office of Montenegro - MONSTAT, Podgorica,
Montenegro; Team members: Dr Bozidar Popovic, Snezana
Remikovic, Biljana Sekulovic, Dragan Dubak, Natasa Saranovic, METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................6
and Katarina Bigovic (translation).
© United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
August 2012 DEMOGRAPHY..................................................................................................12
Permission to reproduce any part of this publication is required.
Please contact UNICEF Montenegro (Vladike Danila 28, 20 000 EDUCATION......................................................................................................24
Podgorica, Montenegro, Tel: +382 20 224 277; Fax: +382 20 224
278; E-mail: podgorica@unicef.org). Permission will be freely
granted to educational or non-profit organizations. EARLY MARRIAGE AND MOTHERHOOD.......................................................42
The statements in this publication are the views of the authors
and do not necessarily reflect the policies or the views of
UNICEF . CHILD LABOUR................................................................................................52
Photography:
UNICEF Montenegro/Zoran Jovanovic Maccak CITIZENSHIP......................................................................................................60
UNICEF Montenegro/Risto Bozovic
UNICEF Montenegro/Dusko Miljanic
ETHNIC AND CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS...............................................68
Design & prepress:
Milovan Kadovic
Editing and proofreading: ANNEX 1:
Peter Stonelake STATISTICAL MATRICES.................................................................................76
2 3

4. FOREWORD
Dear readers,
The Government of Montenegro, MONSTAT and UNICEF share These and other data from the publication “Children in Monte-
a commitment to improving knowledge and understanding of negro” clearly show that childhood experience in our country
the situation of children in Montenegro and ensuring that kno- is diverse. We are pleased to see that for most children it is a
wledge is used to develop national action to ensure better period of play, learning, socialising in school and growing up
outcomes for all of our children. in a warm family environment. However, we are concerned
that for some, childhood is broken by not going to school or
The “Children in Montenegro” booklet contributes to strength- facing challenges of the adults’ world prematurely and un-
ening knowledge on children by consolidating key data on the prepared such as early marriage and taking care of children,
situation of children obtained by 2011 Census of Population, employment and so on.
Households and Dwellings.
Every society is responsible for enabling every child to de-
We are confident that the key decision makers at national and velop to his or her full potential. Our intention is, through this
local level will find in this book useful information about the publication, to stimulate public dialogue based on statistically
problems that our children are coping with, which will help reliable data needed for the development of effective policies.
them identify the most effective solutions. Our goal is to contribute to the changes that will enable every
child in Montenegro to develop to his or her full potential. As
According to the 2011 Census, in Montenegro, 5% of children society and as individuals we owe that to our children.
aged from 6 to 17 years, i.e. 5,313 of them do not attend school.
443 children aged from 15 to 17 years are labour active while
187 of them are employed. 310 children aged from 15 to 17 Ms Gordana Radojevic, MSc Benjamin Perks,
years are married, and 69% of them are girls. Director of the Statistical UNICEF
Office of Montenegro Representative
4 5

5. holds and dwellings, and their Censuses of Population
METHODOLOGY
characteristics. and Housing, prepared in
METHODOLOGY The preparation, organisation
cooperation with the UN
Economic Commission
for Europe and Statistical
and conducting of the Census
Office of the European
are based on principles of rel- Communities - EURO-
evance, impartiality, transpar- STAT;
ency, timeliness, professional
independence, rationality, con-
sistency, publicity, statistical  Regulation (EC) No 763/
2008 of the European
confidentiality, and usage of
Parliament, and of the EU
personal data exclusively for Council on population
T he Census of Population, verage of Census units. The statistical purposes. and housing censuses,
Households and Dwellin- Census was conducted in a and
gs (hereinafter referred to as traditional manner using the The Census was conducted in
the “Census”) was conducted interview method, on a door- accordance with the Law on
 Regulation (EC) No 1201/
in Montenegro in the period to-door principle. Interviews the Census of the Population,
2009 on implementing
from 1st to 15th April 2011. with respondents were per- Households, and Dwellings in Regulation (EC) No 763/
formed by enumerators. 20111, and Methodology for 2008 of the European
The Census was conducted the Preparation, Organisation, Parliament and of the EU
according to the situation on and Conducting of the Census Council on population
31st March 2011 at 24:00, whi- A Census, in accordance with (hereinafter referred to as the and housing censuses
ch is considered as the refer- international recommendati- “Methodology”). The Meth- regarding the technical
ent moment of the Census. ons, conducted every ten odology is fully harmonised specifications of the top-
with international standards ics and of their break-
Immediately after the Census years, is a process of collect-
downs.
was finished, a quality control ing, processing, and publish- which determine common
of the Census was performed ing demographic, economic, rules on collecting population
The units of the census are
on a representative sample of educational, migration, eth- data, and the most important
population, households, and
enumeration areas in order to no-cultural, and social data ones are:
dwellings.
evaluate the coverage and related to the population of  The Conference of Euro-
quality of data collected by the country in a certain peri- pean Statisticians’ Reco- The Census covers citizens of
the Census. The first results od. Also, the Census provides mmendations for the 2010
of the control indicate full co- data on the number of house-
1
Official Gazette of Montenegro, No. 41/10, 44/10, 75/10
6 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 7

6. Montenegro, citizens of Mon- arrived in that place later but received based on the state- processing and spreadsheet
METHODOLOGY
tenegro and foreign citizens, with the intention of staying ment of the person on his/her applications, an Internet bro-
foreign citizens and persons there at least for one year. legal marital status, regard- wser and e-mail client. A
without citizenship (stateless less of the “de facto” situation. person able to apply all four
persons) who have residence The Methodology is prepared Marital status is presented for mentioned applications is co-
(permanent or temporary) in so as to ensure that every per- the population aged 15 years nsidered computer literate.
Montenegro, irrespective of son has only one usual place or older. Those who are able to use
whether they are at the mo- of residence. In the interna- one, two or three applications
ment of the Census in Mon- tional context this is impor- The data on citizenship is col- but not all four of them are
tenegro or abroad, irrespec- tant in order to avoid there lected on the basis of the res- considered partially computer
tive of whether they possess being individuals included in ponses on citizenship. All da- literate. Those who are not
personal identification docu- the total population number ta is received only based on able to use any of the menti-
ments at the moment of the in several countries or not the statement of the person, oned applications are consi-
Census or not, and irrespec- included at all. Actually, the without checking personal dered computer illiterate. The
tive of whether they live in a main objective of the Census documentation. answer was collected on the
dwelling, other type of build- is to determine the exact nu- basis of the respondent’s
ing or in public areas. mber of people who live and Knowledge of foreign langu- statement.
use the infrastructure of a ages is defined as the ability
The population refers to per- particular geographic area. of a person to understand, The 2011 Census collected
sons whose usual place of speak, read, and write a cer- data related to the economic
residence is in Montenegro. Data on age was obtained tain foreign language. Data is activity of the person, i.e. acti-
The usual place of residence from a statement about the collected for up to three fore- vities carried out by a person
is the place where a person respondent’s date of birth. ign languages. All data is rece- in the period from 25th to 31st
usually resides regardless of ived exclusively based on a March 2011, the week preced-
temporary absence for the The data about age is prese- respondent’s statement. ing the census. The response
purposes of recreation, holi- nted by the years of age alre- was collected from persons
day, visits to friends or rela- ady reached. This means that, Computer literacy is defined aged 15 years and older, and
tives, business, medical treat- for example, the age interval as the ability to use basic com- on the basis of their statement.
ment or religious pilgrimage; from 5 to 9 years of age inclu- puter applications for perfor-
as well as the place where a des people who have reached ming daily tasks. In reference In the census any person in
person has been resident 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 years. to this, the data collected rel- the week preceding the cen-
continuously, at least from ated to the ability to use pro- sus (from 25 to 31 March 2011)
1 April 2010, or he/she has The data on marital status is gramme applications – word is considered employed who:
8 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 9

7.  performed any kind of Active population refers
METHODOLOGY
regular or usual work to any employed or unem-
for wage/profit (in cash, ployed person aged 15 years
goods or services) for at or over.
least one hour or any kind
of unpaid work (in a com-
Fertility is a generally pre-
pany, professional prac-
tice or agricultural farm sented and well known term
in the possession of any coming from the Latin word
member of his/her fami- “fertilities” and it means
ly), or “fertility, ability to give birth”
.
 has not worked (due to Fertile age is the age in life of
illness, vacation, state or a woman when she is biologi-
religious holiday, educa- cally able to give birth, and it
tion, training, maternity is scientifically defined as the
leave, reduced production period from 15-49 years. Cer-
or other temporary inabi- tainly, there are women who
lity to work), but he/she can give birth and do give
has a job to which he/she birth before 15 or after 49.
will return.
The Census collected data
In the census a person is con- on the total number of live-
sidered unemployed who: born children including chil-
dren who were not alive at
 in the week before the the moment of the Census.
census (from 25 to 31 Ma- This question referred only
© UNICEF Montenegro/Risto Bozovic
rch 2011) did not work, to female individuals aged 15
but he/she was actively years or more, regardless of
looking for a job during
their marital status.
March 2011 (four weeks
before the census), and
he/she is ready to start The Census collected data
working during the fol- on school attendance for any
lowing two weeks. person regardless of age.
10 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 11

8. acteristics collected by the up to 18 years of age live in
DEMOGRAPHY
census become more useful Montenegro. Their share of
DEMOGRAPHY if they are cross-referenced
with gender and age. It is
the total population is 23.4%.
important to note that recom- The percentages in the chart
mended age groups were below refer to the share of
used so that the data can be children in the total popula-
compared spatially and by tion according the data from
time. the 2003 and 2011 Censuses.
Comparing the two census
According to the 2011 Popula- years, the conclusion is that
tion Census, 145 126 children there was a decrease in the
D emographical data, par-
ticularly on age and gen-
der, is crucial for understan-
should be afterwards entered
on the basis of other data on
people or households, the
Chart 1: Population pyramids of the population in Montenegro
according to the 2003 and 2011 Censuses
ding the distribution of edu - Statistical Office of Montene- Male Female Male Female
cational, social, employment gro did not use this imputa-
and health indicators and op- tion method or method of
portunities across the entire inserting the data on age.
population.
Children, the young, and eld-
To obtain data on age, the erly people are recognised as
census collected information separate population catego-
on date of birth. Data collec- ries for which different types
tion on the date of birth en- of census data is requested.
ables tabulation in two ways: Thus, for example, for chil-
by year of birth and by age dren’s and young people’s
reached. Although UN and education, this data is of key
Eurostat recommendations importance, while for adults,
foresee the case where the data on economic activity is
data on age is missing and more relevant. The example
for this eventuality the data mentioned and all other char- 2003 2011
12 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 13

9. Chart 2: Share of children in the total population, by municipality, negro as a whole. All the Mojkovac, Danilovgrad,
DEMOGRAPHY
2003 and 2011 Censuses other municipalities, fifteen of Podgorica, Berane, Ulcinj,
them, have a lower share of Bijelo Polje, Plav and Rozaje.
40%
children in the total populati-
35%
30% on, than the country average. The share of population of
25% age under 18 in the total pop-
20%
15%
In 2003, the share of children ulation is decreasing. Accord-
10% in the total population was ingly, in 2003, the share of
5% 25.3%, and eight municipali- children in the total population
0%
-5%
ties had a higher-than-aver- was 25.3%, while this percent-
-10% age share compared to the age in 2011 was 23.4%. A de-
whole country, which are: crease in the number of chil-
Rozaje
Plav
Berane
Bijelo Polje
Podgorica
Ulcinj
Montenegro
Niksic
Bar
Mojkovac
Budva
Andrijevica
Tivat
Danilovgrad
Kolasin
Kotor
Herceg Novi
Pljevlja
Zabljak
Savnik
Cetinje
Pluzine
2003 2011 % decrease in the share of children in the total population
share of children in the total the population consists of
population in 2011 compared children aged 18 years or less.
with 2003 in all municipali- Then come Plav with 27%,
ties. The difference, i.e. the Berane with 26%, Bijelo Polje
decrease in the share of chil- and Podgorica with 25% of
dren in the total population is children in the total popula-
highest in Danilovgrad (5%), tion. The lowest number of
Cetinje and Plav (4%). The children (18%) is found in the
© UNICEF Montenegro/Risto Bozovic
lowest decrease of almost 1% municipalities of Pluzine, Cet-
is in Berane. inje, Savnik and Zabljak.
According to the 2011 Census In 2011, the share of children
data, the share of children was higher in the following
in the total population by six municipalities: Rozaje, Plav,
municipality indicates that Berane, Bijelo Polje, Podgor-
in Rozaje almost one-third of ica, and Ulcinj, than in Monte-
14 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 15

10. Chart 2: Share of children in the total population, by municipality, in %
DEMOGRAPHY
2011 Census 2003 Census
Pljevlja 19.0 Pljevlja 21.4
Pluzine Pluzine
17.9 Zabljak 18.3 20.7 Zabljak 21.3
Bijelo Polje 25.5 Bijelo Polje 27.2
Mojkovac Mojkovac
Savnik 18.0 Savnik 20.2
22.3 25.4
Berane 26.1 Rozaje Berane 26.8 Rozaje
Niksic 22.9 Kolasin 25.0 31.7 Niksic 24.5 Kolasin 23.7 34.0
Andrijevica Andrijevica
22.1 23.2
Danilovgrad Plav Danilovgrad Plav
Kotor 20.2 21.0 27.3 Kotor 22.3 25.7 31.2
Herceg Novi Podgorica Herceg Novi Podgorica
20.2 24.6 21.7 26.1
Cetinje 18.0 Cetinje 22.5
Tivat 21.6 Tivat 22.8
Budva 22.2 Budva 24.2
17.90 - 19.99
Bar 22.6 Bar 24.1
20.00 - 23.99
Ulcinj 23.7 Ulcinj 26.8
24.00 - 27.99
28.00 - 34.00
16 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 17

11. dren, from 156 683 to 145 126, zaje in this manner, although firms the vital statistics pro- there were more children
DEMOGRAPHY
was recorded both in terms this municipality indicated duced by the Statistical Office aged 15 years and over in
of percentage and absolute a decrease in the number of of Montenegro, which show 2003 than in 2011.
number. In other words, there children from 34% down to a growth in the birth rate in
were 11 557 less children in 32%, meaning that a third of the last five years. In both The 2011 Census indicated fe-
2011 compared with the data the inhabitants of Rozaje are census years when observing wer children of all individual
from the census conducted aged 18 years or less. In mu- age structure, children are on years of age compared with
eight years earlier. nicipalities of Pljevlja, Zabljak, average older. More children the 2003 Census.
Savnik, Pluzine and Cetinje, under five years of age are
In 2003, the municipalities of the percentage of children out recorded in the 2011 Census Out of the total population,
Rozaje and Plav were recog- of the total population is less than in the 2003 Census, but, older children are more rep-
nized as the municipalities than 20% according to the
with the highest percentage 2011 Census, while this was
of children out of the total not the case in 2003. Chart 5: Age structure of children aged between 0 and 17 years,
population, i.e. 34% and 31% 2003 and 2011 Censuses
respectively. The 2011 Cen- The data on age structure
sus characterised only Ro- from the 2011 Census con-
10,000
Chart 4: Age structure of Montenegrin population by individual
years of age and gender
9,000
10,000
9,000
8,000
7,000 8,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
7,000
1,000
0
100
103
106
109
10
13
16
19
22
25
28
31
34
37
40
43
46
49
52
55
58
61
64
67
70
73
76
79
82
85
88
91
94
97
1
4
7
2003. 2011.
AGE Total Male Female
18 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 19

12. Chart 6: Structure by age group, 2003 and 2011 Censuses years of age) are boys, with girls.
DEMOGRAPHY
52%. In 2003, there were 107
0 0
boys per 100 girls, and in 2011, The composition of populati-
5% 5% 108 boys. on by gender is defined, amo-
15 -17 15 -17
19%
1 -3
18%
1 -3 ng other things, by the propo-
15% 16%
The changes noticed between rtion of boys and girls out of
the two censuses in munici- the total number of live-born
palities with a small popula- children. Such high values of
4 -5 4 -5
10% 10%
tion may be caused by so- masculinity rates defined in
called “small numbers”, and Montenegro in live births are
10 -14 10 -14
relative indicators show large explained by: a decrease in
29% 29% variations but in real, absolu- fertility; the wish of parents
6 -9 6 -9 te terms, the differences can to have a son at any cost; and
22% 22%
be very small. by progress in ultrasound me-
2003. 2011. thods – which has enabled
In the majority of municipali- sex-selective abortion on the
ties in Montenegro there are grounds of the sex of unborn
resented. Thus, children of tion in 2003 was 35.9 years, more boys than girls. In 2003, babies (Pison, 2004).
age: 17, 16 or 15 have a share and in 2011 it was 37.2 years. the largest difference was in
of more than 6%. There is a The average age of children Kotor, where there were 110 Large differences in the gen-
constant decrease of 5% in did not change from 2003, boys per 100 girls; then in Bu- der structure of children by
the proportion of children un- and it was 9 years. dva, Danilovgrad and Podgor- municipality require further
der 1 year of age. The lowest ica: 109; and in Herceg Novi review and may be the sub-
share of children is visible The gender structure indicates and Rozaje there were 108 ject of a special analysis and
among children in their first that there are more boys than boys per 100 girls. survey with a focus on the
year (4.9%). girls in the observed popula- causes of this phenomenon.
tion. The total number of boys In 2011, a larger difference A detailed analysis of this phe-
The size of individual age is 75 367, and the total num- was noticed in Bar, Danilov- nomenon would provide an
groups in the total children ber of girls is 69 759. While grad, Herceg Novi and Rozaje explanation of results discov-
population did not significan- the majority of the total popu- with 111 boys per 100 girls; in ered by the census.
tly fluctuate in period betwe- lation are women with 51%, Danilovgrad and Berane, 110;
en the two censuses. the majority in the observed in Budva, Kotor, Mojkovac and In the total children populati-
The average age of popula- population (children under 18 Podgorica, 109 boys per 100 on, as well as in all national,
20 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 21

13. Table 1: The number of boys per 100 girls by municipality, Chart 7: The number of children in Montenegro by ethnicity,
DEMOGRAPHY
2003 and 2011 Censuses and gender
Number of boys per 100 girls Male Female
2003 2011
Andrijevica 106 97 35,000
Bar 105 111 30,000
Berane 105 110
Bijelo Polje 105 106 25,000
Budva 109 109 20,000
Cetinje 102 110
Danilovgrad 109 111 15,000
Herceg Novi 108 111 10,000
Kolasin 105 97
Kotor 110 109 5,000
Mojkovac 101 109 0
Niksic 106 107
Montenegrins Serbs Bosniaks Does not Albanians Muslims Roma Other Egyptians Croats
Plav 106 108 want to
Pljevlja 103 102 declare
Pluzine 101 100
Podgorica 109 109
Rozaje 108 111
Savnik 97 102
Tivat 107 107
Ulcinj 107 105
99 92
Chart 8: Number of boys per 100 girls, by ethnicity
Zabljak
Montenegro 107 108
116.0
i.e. ethnic, groups there are the Egyptian population, i.e. 110.4
108.6 108.3 107.7 107.6 107.2
higher percentages of boys 116 boys per 100 girls, then 103.5
than girls. Only among chil- among Serbs - 110 boys per 99.1
dren whose national affiliation 100 girls. The smallest differ-
was not declared, are there ence in the gender structure
more girls than boys. of children is among Croats, Egyptians Serbs Muslims Bosniaks Roma Montenegrians Albanians Croats Does not
where there are 103 boys per want to
declare
The highest difference is in 100 girls.
22 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 23

14. EDUCATION
EDUCATION
T he term education refers
to all deliberate, system-
atic and organized action or
in-service training courses in
factories), is not considered
"school attendance" for cen-
process of teaching someone sus purposes. Data on school
especially in a school or uni- attendance refers to the time
versity. Most education takes of the census, i.e. 31 March
place in schools or universiti- 2011.
es (or their equivalents), but it
can be provided outside these Although data on school at-
institutions. Data on school tendance was collected by
attendance was collected by the 2003 Census, this data
the Census. was never published, and that
information was only used in
School attendance is defined processing and data control
as regular attendance at any on the “highest achieved level
© UNICEF Montenegro/Risto Bozovic
accredited educational insti- of education”. However, this
tution or programme, public publication will present for
or private, for organised lear- the first time the 2003 Census
ning at any level of education. data on school attendance in
Instruction in a particular skill, order to compare it with the
which is not part of the rec- findings in this area of the
ognised educational structure 2011 Census.
of the country (for example
24 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 25

15. The concept of school atten- Census, children of pri- Chart 9: Percentage of children by age group of the total
dance is different from, but mary education age was population
complementary to, that of en- made up of children bet-
rolment as normally covered ween 7 and 14 years of
by annual school statistics. age. Children under
6 years - 7%
Attendance means the day-to-  At that time, primary sch-
day presence of participants ool lasted for eight years
at an institution of learning. compared with 2011, wh-
Enrolment refers to the formal en primary school lasted Children from 6
nine years. Adults - 77% to 14 years - 12%
registration of pupils at the
start of the school year.  In the period between the
two censuses, primary
Information on school atten- education system reform Children from15
dance relates in particular to took place and gradually to 17 years - 4 %
the shift was made from
the population of official sch-
an eight-year to nine-year
ool age. For the purpose of primary school. At the
this publication children were time of the 2011 Census,
grouped as follows: primary education lasted
for nine years and child- lation. In other words, a tenth nicipality of Rozaje (15.7%),
 Children of primary edu- ren enrolled at primary of the inhabitants of Monte- which means that one-sixth of
cation age – 6-14 years of school at 6 years of age. negro are of primary-school the inhabitants of Rozaje are
age, age. As regards secondary children aged between 6 and
To enable more simple use of school attendance, data on 14 years. One-eleventh of the
 Children of secondary the data on age structure in
education age – 15-17 children from 15 to 17 years inhabitants of Pluzine, Cetinje,
future surveys, children are was considered, and accord- Savnik, and Zabljak are prima-
years of age.
grouped by school age. In Mo- ing to the 2011 Census there ry-school-aged children.
In addition to this, it should ntenegro there were 46 114 were 26 375 children in that
be also noted that exact equi- children of pre-primary sch- age group or 4.3% of the total Among 72 637 children aged
valence with the 2003 Census ool age (under 6 years old) or population. from 6 to 14 years, 68 835 chi-
data is not possible for several 7.4% of the total population; ldren or 95% of them attend
reasons: 72 637 primary-school-aged The highest share of primary- school, and 3 802 children or
children (6-14 years) represe- school-aged children in the 5% of this age do not attend
 At the time of the 2003 nting 11.7% of the total popu- total population is in the Mu- school. There is a similar situ-
26 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 27

16. Chart 10: Structure of children by age group, and by municipality, ation with children between 6 years attend school. These
EDUCATION
in % and 17 years where out of municipalities have the high-
99 012 children of that age est school attendance rates in
Children under 6 years From 6 to14 years From 15 to 17 years
93 699 (95%) attend school Montenegro. Podgorica and
35%
while 5 313 (5%) do not go to Berane are the municipalities
30%
school. with the lowest school atten-
25%
dance rate for children betw-
20%
In the municipalities of Zablj- een 6 and 17 years (93%).
15%
10%
ak, Cetinje, Danilovgrad, Ko-
5%
tor, Ulcinj, and Mojkovac, 97% In 2011, the percentage of chil-
0%
of children between 6 and 17 dren 6-17 years old attending
Rozaje
Plav
Berane
Bijelo Polje
Mojkovac
Podgorica
Ulcinj
Montenegro
Andrijevica
Niksic
Bar
Danilovgrad
Kolasin
Budva
Pljevlja
Tivat
Kotor
Herceg Novi
Pluzine
Savnik
Zabljak
Cetinje
Chart 12: Children between 6 and 17 years attending school,
by municipality, in %
Do not attend school Attend school
Chart 11: Children between 6 and 14 years of age by school 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 94% 94% 94% 94% 93% 93%
attendance, in %
3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 6% 6% 6% 6% 7% 7%
Zabljak
Cetinje
Danilovgrad
Kotor
Ulcinj
Mojkovac
Pljevlja
Kolasin
Pluzine
Herceg Novi
Budva
Niksic
Bar
Tivat
Montenegro
Bijelo Polje
Savnik
Andrijevica
Plav
Rozaje
Podgorica
Berane
Do not attend
school 5%
school increased from 94% to as in 2003. An increase in the
Attend school 95% compared with the previ- school attendance rate was
95% ous census. In four municipali- registered in most municipali-
ties – Zabljak, Tivat, Berane, ties, while a decrease of 1%
and Pljevlja– school attendan- was registered in Budva, Nik-
ce rates are at the same level sic and Podgorica.
28 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 29

17. Chart 13: Children from 6-17 years who attend school, Chart 14: Children 6-17 years old who do not attend school,
EDUCATION
2003 and 2011 Censuses, in % by municipality, 2003 and 2011 Censuses, in %
2011 2003
2011 2003
100%
98% 16%
96%
94% 14%
92%
12%
90%
88% 10%
86%
84% 8%
82%
80% 6%
78%
4%
Zabljak
Cetinje
Danilovgrad
Kotor
Ulcinj
Mojkovac
Pljevlja
Kolasin
Pluzine
Herceg Novi
Budva
Niksic
Bar
Tivat
Montenegro
Bijelo Polje
Savnik
Andrijevica
Plav
Rozaje
Podgorica
Berane
2%
0%
Berane
Podgorica
Rozaje
Plav
Andrijevica
Savnik
Bijelo Polje
Montenegro
Tivat
Bar
Niksic
Budva
Herceg Novi
Pluzine
Kolasin
Pljevlja
Mojkovac
Ulcinj
Kotor
Danilovgrad
Cetinje
Zabljak
When comparing the 2003 resulted in a decrease in sch-
and 2011 Censuses data, it ool attendance rates in com-
should be taken into account parison with 2003 in the muni-
that displaced persons from cipalities of Podgorica, Budva,
Kosovo, according to the cur- and Niksic, where the share of
rent methodology, were not this population is the highest.
calculated in the population
of Montenegro in 2003. A sig- The percentage of children
© UNICEF Montenegro/Zoran Jovanovic-Maccak
nificant number of displaced not attending school in 2003
persons from Kosovo are in- and 2011 remained the same
dividuals from the Roma and in the following municipalities:
Egyptian populations with a Zabljak, Tivat, Berane, and
school attendance rate signi- Pljevlja. Budva, Niksic and Po-
ficantly lower than in other dgorica recorded an increase
groups. Inclusion of this part of 1% in the share of children
of the population in the popu- who do not attend school in
lation of Montenegro, accor- comparison with the previous
ding to the 2011 Census, has census; there is a decrease in
30 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 31

18. the percentage of children not uiring citizenship 16% do not Chart 15: Children aged 6-17 by attending school and citizenship
EDUCATION
attending school in other mu- attend school, and 15% of in %
nicipalities. children who are citizens of a
foreign country do not attend Do not attend school Attend school
Observations by citizenship school. The lowest percentage
show that 34% of stateless of children that do not attend
children do not attend school. school is among children with
Of the total number of children Montenegrin citizenship (4%).
who are in the process of acq- 66%
85% 84%
96% 92%
Table 2: Children aged 6-17 by attending school and citizenship,
Census 2011 34%
15% 16%
4% 8%
Citizenship of: Total Do not attend Attend Do not attend Attend Montenegro Foreign In process of acquiring Stateless
school school school school No data about
countries Montenegrin citizenship citizenship
Total 99,012 5,311 93,701 5% 95%
Montenegro 92,290 4,092 88,198 4% 96%
Foreign countries 3,084 478 2,606 15% 85%
In process of aquiring 1,294 212 1,082 16% 84%
Montenegrin citizenship
Stateless 1,331 450 881 34% 66%
No answer 1,013 79 934 8% 92%
Children who are 6 years old rolled in primary school. Re-
have the lowest school atten- garding the time of the cen-
© UNICEF Montenegro/Risto Bozovic
dance rate, which can perhaps sus (31 March 2011) at which
be explained by the provisions point the school year was into
of the Law on Primary Educa- its second semester and the
tion (2002, and amendments calendar year 2011, children
in 2011) according to which that needed to enrol at school
children that reach 6 years of in autumn 2011 had already
age in a calendar year are en- reached 6 years of age.
32 CHILDREN IN MONTENEGRO 33