1. Storage Architecture CE202 December 2, 2003 David Pease

2. Hierarchy of Storage Smaller Larger Capacity Higher Lower Cost RAM Disk Optical Tape Cache Faster Slower Speed

4. Disks

6. Disk Architecture track platters spindle sector arms with read/write heads rotation cylinder

7. Disk Storage Density

8. Disk Capacity Growth

9. IBM Disk Storage Roadmap

10. Storage Costs

12. Reliability of Striped Array

13. One-month Trace of Hardware Failures Trace collected from the Internet Archive (March 2003) (thanks Kelly Gottlib) -- Over 100 terabytes of compressed data -- 30 disk failures out of total 70 hardware problems

14. RAID Levels

15. RAID Levels 0 2 3 4 5 6 1

16. RAID: 4x Small Write Penalty small data write 1 2 4 5 3 xor

18. Tape

30. Meta-data Server A SAN File System SAN Meta-data Server Meta-data Server Storage Management Server HSM & Backup Meta- data Control Network (IP) NFS CIFS FTP HTTP Data Data data Security assists IFS w/cache Win2K IFS w/cache AIX IFS w/cache Solaris IFS w/cache Linux