Penn State #OERSummit16 Keynote
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Open Educational Resources and Solving the Textbook Cost Crisis
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Penn State #OERSummit16 Keynote
- 1. @txtbks | #oersummit16 textbook cost crisis Nicole Allen (nicole@sparc.arl.org) Director of Open Education, SPARC Penn State University | 3/23/16 | #oersummit16 Except where otherwise noted... theOER and solving
- 3. @txtbks | #oersummit16 higher ed is important
- 4. @txtbks | #oersummit16 higher ed is expensive
- 5. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Source: CNN Money
- 6. @txtbks | #oersummit16 $1,000 $3,000 $5,000 $7,000 $9,000 1988199019921994199619982000200220042006200820102012 State Funding Tuition Revenue US Public Higher Education Funding - $/Undergrad FTE Data source: State Higher Education Officers Association Slide source: @dernst, adapted under CCBY
- 7. @txtbks | #oersummit16 $33,264 Average debt per borrower for PA graduating class of 2014 Source: TICAS
- 8. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Cost Factors: Tuition and Fees Room and Board Transportation Books and Supplies Other Expenses Cost Factors: Books and Supplies
- 9. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Figure 1: Estimated Increases in New College Textbook Prices, College Tuition and Fees, and Overall Consumer Price Inflation, 2002 to 2012 prices grew by 28 percent. Source: GAO
- 10. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Average Estimated Undergraduate Budgets, 2014-15 Source: College Board Books & Supplies = $1,225
- 11. @txtbks | #oersummit16 “the straw that broke the camel’s back”
- 12. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Source: Student PIRGs
- 17. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Market Failure
- 18. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Market Failure 5 major publishers hold nearly 90% of the market Source: Turning the Page by James Koch
- 19. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Market Failure Source: NACS.org
- 20. @txtbks | #oersummit16 students are captives, not consumers
- 21. @txtbks | #oersummit16 2 in 3 Students say they decided against buying a textbook because the cost is too high Source: Student PIRGs
- 22. @txtbks | #oersummit16 1 in 2 Students say they have at some point taken fewer courses due to the cost of textbooks Source: Florida Virtual Campus
- 23. @txtbks | #oersummit16 <1 in 2 Students purchase a current edition of their textbook Source: Book Industry Study Group
- 24. @txtbks | #oersummit16 students can’t learn from materials they can’t afford
- 25. @txtbks | #oersummit16 we can do better.
- 27. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Hewlett Foundation Definition: “OER are teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or are released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use and repurposing by others”
- 31. @txtbks | #oersummit16 OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Free + Reuse Rights • Retain • Reuse • Revise • Remix • Redistribute
- 32. @txtbks | #oersummit16 open licensing system www.creativecommons.org
- 33. @txtbks | #oersummit16 use © to enable free & open use
- 35. @txtbks | #oersummit16 how is OER created?
- 43. @txtbks | #oersummit16 how is OER being used?
- 44. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Open Textbook (Example) • Free online • Free PDF • Free ePub • Print $49.73 • Instructor can adapt and distribute
- 46. @txtbks | #oersummit16 The cost of college textbooks has risen 812% since 1978, more than the rates of inflation, health care, new home prices, and college tuition. More and more, college students are unable to afford their textbooks, and as many as 70% of students have reported avoiding buying at least one textbook for their courses. Not surprisingly, these students do not do as well academically. As of May 2013, if a TCC student purchased all of the textbooks required for a business administration degree, that student would spend $3,678.95 on new books. While used textbooks may lower this price, their availability is, at best, uneven. But the problem with printed textbooks goes beyond financial cost; textbooks “ cost” students and teachers in other ways as well. Because textbooks are frequently written for broad audiences in the hopes that they will fill the learning support needs and be adopted by large numbers of faculty and departments, they are filled with content and exercises that are superfluous to a specific course’ s learning outcomes. The cost here is in teaching efficiency and effectiveness. Fortunately a solution to both problems exists. Beginning in Fall 2013, TCC became the first college in the U.S. to create an Associate of Science degree based solely on open educational resources (OER), academically vetted and publicly licensed content. After Tidewater CommunityCollege ismakingcollegemoreaffordable.
- 47. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Supporting Adoption Developmental Math Results" Percentage passing with C or better 48.40% 60.18% 0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 50.00% 60.00% 70.00% Spring 2011 No OER Spring 2013 All OER n=2,842 About Lumen Lear Open Educational Resources represent a and learners, while at the same time imp unsure what to do to help their institution This is where Lumen enters the picture. Co-founded by open education visionary Lumen is dedicated to facilitating broad, After years of pioneering work in open ed Generation Learning Challenges grant-fu textbooks with OER in community colleg 50% and improving student success rate resulted in moving the cost of required te 10% compared to student performance in You can read more about the Kaleidosco Adding this concrete proof to the body of help more educational institutions and st Lumen helps institutional leaders and fac ! Finding quality content and mapp around the country to review and agg into Open Courses that match gener course frameworks online. This proc individual or institution to download a ! Incorporating OER into academic consulting services to help institution sense to introduce OER into courses Source: Lumen Learning
- 49. @txtbks | #oersummit16 what can penn state do?
- 50. @txtbks | #oersummit16 (1) Make sharing easy
- 52. @txtbks | #oersummit16 open licensing system www.creativecommons.org
- 53. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Award winning statistics text
- 54. @txtbks | #oersummit16 (2) Consider OER before traditional materials
- 57. @txtbks | #oersummit16 using OER in 1 course per year could save Penn State students $10.7 million
- 58. @txtbks | #oersummit16 using OER in 1 course per year could save US students $1.42 billion
- 59. @txtbks | #oersummit16 (3) Support faculty to adopt, adapt, and create OER
- 62. @txtbks | #oersummit16 Libraries & OER Forum LibOER.org #LibOER
- 63. @txtbks | #oersummit16 (4) Connect “open” to your institutional mission
- 64. @txtbks | #oersummit16 "generate, disseminate, integrate, and apply knowledge that is valuable to society"
- 66. @txtbks | #oersummit16 use the internet to do what it was meant for to benefit society