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地震与建筑
我的一点思考
根特大学:谭智军
Magnel Laboratory for Concrete Research
www.TanZhijun.com
为地震受害者祈福!
地震可以精确预测吗?
• 地震的发生原理复杂,非线性
• 事后诸葛亮
• 已有的预测不具有可操作性
• 听天命,尽人事
建筑抗震是技术问题吗?
• 先生命,后财产
• 抗震设计原则:
– 小震不坏
– 中震可修
– 大震不倒
建筑抗震是技术问题吗?
• 目前的技术成果可以抵抗地震产生的破坏:
– 被动抗震、主动隔震
建筑抗震是技术问题吗?
• 目前的技术成果可以
抵抗地震产生的破坏:
– 高层建筑:建筑模型
通过震动台模拟测试
建筑抗震是技术问题吗?
• 目前的技术成果可以抵抗地震产生的破坏:
– 中国台北101,日本高层建筑采用大量钢结构
为什么还是出问题?
• 城市建筑
– 设计:结构设计师终身责任
制
– 施工问题,侥幸心理
为什么还是出问题?
• 农村建筑
– 监管真空地带
– 从设计到施工均属于原始经验状态
– 老旧房子改造
应该怎么办?
• 理论实践
– 建筑抗震理论继续研究,由抗震到隔震
– 加强现有理论成果落实到实践操作
应该怎么办?
• 城市建筑:
– 落实设计+施工+监理三方责任制
应该怎么办?
• 农村:
– 已有房屋:改造加固,推倒重建,资金问题?
– 新建建筑:具有一定的抗震能力
应该怎么办?
• 农村:
– 加强农村自建房的抗震基础知识(小投入大收
益)
• 基层政府邀请专家讲解具有可操作性的基础知识
• 社会公益组织向农村传播建筑抗震知识:Engineers
Without Borders
应该怎么办?
• 农村:
地震灾害是一个社会经济问题
• 社会经济的发展水平标志之一
– 建筑抗震理论水平
– 人员伤亡、财产损失
谢谢!
注:本幻灯片上所有图片引自互联网,谨对图片作者表示感谢!

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