Internal Discussion Jakarta, March 7, 2010

1. Tri Widodo W. Utomo Jakarta, March 7, 2012

2. Human Security
 Assumption:
 People-centered view of security is necessary for national,
regional and global stability.
 The proper referent for security should be the individual rather
than the state.
 Consists of:
 Economic security: basic income, unemployment.
 Food security: availability of food, distribution of food,
purchasing power.
 Health security: protection from diseases & unhealthy lifestyles.
 Environmental security: lack of access to clean water, air
pollution, global warming.
 Personal security: physical violence, bullying.
 Community security: sectarian and ethnic violence.
 Political security: systematic torture, ill treatment or
disappearance.

3. Issue Level on Human Security
MACRO-
Global/Regional/
International
MEZZO -
National
MICRO-
Personal

4. Schools of Thought on Human Security
 Freedom from Fear:
 Protecting individuals from violent conflicts;
 Recognizing that these violent threats are strongly
associated with poverty, lack of state capacity and other
forms of inequities;
 Emergency assistance, conflict prevention and
resolution, peace-building are the main concerns of this
approach.
 Freedom from Want:
 The threat agenda should be broadened to include
hunger, disease and natural disasters because they are
inseparable concepts in addressing the root of human
insecurity.
 complimentary, NOT contradictory!

5. Relationship Between HD & HS
VARIABLES HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN SECURITY
Security, stability, sustainability of
Values Well-being.
development gains
Moves forward, is
Looks at who was left behind at the
Orientation progressive and aggregate:
individual level: “Divided we fall”
“Together we rise”
Combines short-term measures to deal
Time Frame Long term with risks with long term prevention
efforts.
“Insuring” downturns with security.
Growth with equity.
Identification of risks, prevention to avoid
General Expanding the choices and
them through dealing with root causes,
objectives opportunities of people to
preparation to mitigate them, and
lead lives they value.
cushioning when disaster strikes.
Protection and promotion of human
Empowerment,
survival (freedom from fear), daily life
Policy goals sustainability, equity and
(freedom from want), and the avoidance
productivity.
of indignities (life of dignity).

6. World HDI 2008 and 2003
Map 2008 Map 2003
Colored world map indicating HDI (as of 2008 and 2003). Countries colored
Green exhibit high human development, those colored Yellow/Orange exhibit
medium human development, and those colored Red exhibit low human
development
 How far does Human Security contribute to HDI, or the other way
round?
 Strengthening HSI (Human Security Index) instead of HDI?
http://www.humansecurityindex.org/

7. Components of HSI
 Protection of, and
benefitting from, diversity;
 Peace;
 Environmental protection;
 Freedom from corruption;
 Information empowerment.

8. World HSI
http://www.humansecurityindex.org/wordpress/wp-
content/uploads/2011/02/hsiv2-whitelegend.png

9. Indonesia HDI (trends 1980 – present)

10. How PA deals with HS Issues?
 Largely & mostly by Policy Intervention
o Allocation of values and norms through
regulation;
o Distribution & redistribution of resources;
o Provision of subsidies, incentives &
disincentives;
o Delivering services.
 Reforming its own system.

11. Looking forward to your bright ideas …