1. Alvin Sherman Library Boot Camp Series
USING INFORMATION ETHICALLY
TRISHA PREVETT & BRIAN RYCKMAN

2. EVALUATING SOURCES
• Where is your information coming
from?
• How do you know if it is credible?
• Is the source free of bias?
• Do you look at many sources?
• How do you pick?

3. CRAAP TEST

4. CRAAP CRITERIA

5. CITING SOURCES: WHY
To give credit to others ideas and words (this
includes charts, tables, and other graphics)
 To allow your reader to find your sources
 Know what PLAGIARISM means and how you
can avoid it!

educationaltechnologyguy.blogspot.co
m

6. PLAGIARISM AND SELF-PLAGIARISM
Plagiarism is defined as using another
person’s ideas or words without giving them
proper credit.
 Re-using class assignments in other classes
is a form of self-plagiarism.
 Plagiarism can be grounds for dismissal.

Graphic from San Jose State University plagiarism webpage
(http://tutorials.sjlibrary.org/tutorial/plagiarism/tutorial/3plagiarism.htm

7. PLAGIARISM
Minor problem
Extremely serious

8. When to Cite a Reference
Should I cite?
Is it a
quote?
Cardiff University
https://ilrb.cf.ac.uk/plagiarism/tutorial/whento1.html
Yes
Use quotation
marks and cite it
with page number.
No
Yes
Cite it with a
text citation
Is it a
paraphrase?
No
Is it another’s
idea/theory?
Yes
Cite it with a
text citation
No
There is no need to cite if it’s
common knowledge or your
own thoughts.

9. CITING SOURCES: HOW

In-text citations (in the body of your paper)
 Paraphrasing
 Direct
quote
 Block

quote – over 40 words
Reference list (at the end of your paper)

10. Two types of citations In-text citations and references

11. In-text citation (paraphrase):
McPherson (2007) raised issues
of motivation in reading.
In-text citation (direct quote):
McPherson (2007) coined the phrase “goblet of
motivation” (p. 71).

12. In-text citation (paraphrase):
McPherson (2007) raised issues
of motivation in reading.
In-text citation (direct quote):
McPherson (2007) coined the phrase “goblet of
motivation” (p. 71).
Reference citation -- in reference list:
McPherson, K. (2007). Harry Potter and the goblet of motivation.
Teacher Librarian, 34(4), 71. doi:10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482

13. DIRECT AND BLOCK QUOTES
DIRECT
According to Mickalowski, Mickelson, and Keltgen (2008), “Apple parlayed
the strong reputation of the Apple brand and the iPod’s success to enter a
lucrative cell phone market” (p. 283).
BLOCK
However, there are differing opinions about Apple’s iPhone launch:
Apple parlayed the strong reputation of the Apple brand and the iPod’s
success to enter a lucrative cell phone market, a step that may ward off
a potential threat to Apple as other companies introduce devices that
have strong music-storing and playback capabilities. (Mickalowski,
Mickelson, & Keltgen, 2008, pp. 283-284)
APA manual, pp. 170-

14. APA REFERENCE LIST– BASIC FORMAT

Start list on a new page, with References bold and centered at the
top of the page.
•
Double spaced with hanging indent*
•
Alphabetize by author’s last name or name of the corporate author
•
Every reference should have a corresponding in-text citation
•
Every in-text citation should be listed in your references except for:
• Personal Communications
• Secondary Sources
• Citing an entire website

15. CITING JOURNAL ARTICLES APA
Author(s)
Watkins, R., & Schlosser, C. D. (2010). It’s not about time:
A fresh approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend,
24(3), 34-47.
•
•
•
•
Initials, not first names.
Ampersand (&), not the word and
Comma before the ampersand.
Space between initials
See APA manual (6th ed.), p. 184

16. CITING JOURNAL ARTICLES APA
Year of publication
Watkins, R., & Schlosser, C. D. (2010). It’s not about time:
A fresh approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend,
24(3), 34-47.
• Enclosed in parentheses
• Period after the parentheses
• No month or day if the publication is a
journal, not a magazine, newsletter, or
newspaper article.
See APA manual (6th ed.), p. 185

17. CITING JOURNAL ARTICLES APA
Article title
Watkins, R., & Schlosser, C. D. (2010). It’s not about time:
A fresh approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend,
24(3), 34-47.
• Only first word in title and subtitle should be
be capitalized as well as any proper names.
• A period at the end of the title.
• Include one space after the period, not two.
See APA manual (6th ed.), pp. 87, 185

18. CITING JOURNAL ARTICLES APA
Watkins, R., & Schlosser, C. D. (2010). It’s not about time:
A fresh approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend,
24(3), 34-47.
• Journal title should have all important
words capitalized.
• It is italicized
• The journal title is followed by a comma
See APA manual (6th ed.), p. 186
Journal title

19. CITING JOURNAL ARTICLES APA
Watkins, R., & Schlosser, C. D. (2010). It’s not about time:
A fresh approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend,
24(3), 34-47.
•
•
Volume, issue, and
page number(s)
•
•
The volume number is italicized
There should be no space between
the volume number and issue number
Enclose issue number in parentheses
and follow by a comma
Do not use p. or pp. for journal articles.
See APA manual (6th ed.), p. 186

20. CITING JOURNAL ARTICLES MLA

21. Citing Journal Articles From an Online Database
Scott, Bede. “On Superficiality: Truman Capote and the
Ceremony of Style.” Journal of Modern Literature 34.3
(2011): 128-48. Academic OneFile. Web. 29 May 2013.
See MLA (7th ed.), p. 192

22. Citing Journal Articles: Author Field
Scott, Bede. “On Superficiality: Truman Capote and the
Ceremony of Style.” Journal of Modern Literature 34.3
(2011): 128-48. Academic OneFile. Web. 29 May 2013.

23. Citing Journal Articles: Article Title Field
Scott, Bede. “On Superficiality: Truman Capote and the
Ceremony of Style.” Journal of Modern Literature 34.3
(2011): 128-48. Academic OneFile. Web. 29 May 2013.

24. Citing Journal Articles: Publication Information
Scott, Bede. “On Superficiality: Truman Capote and the
Ceremony of Style.” Journal of Modern Literature 34.3
(2011): 128-48. Academic OneFile. Web. 29 May 2013.

25. Citing Journal Articles: Retrieval Info & Medium of Publication
Scott, Bede. “On Superficiality: Truman Capote and the
Ceremony of Style.” Journal of Modern Literature 34.3
(2011): 128-48. Academic OneFile. Web. 29 May 2013.

26. Citing Journal Articles: Full Examples Online Database & Print
Scott, Bede. “On Superficiality: Truman Capote and the
Ceremony of Style.” Journal of Modern Literature 34.3
(2011): 128-48. Academic OneFile. Web. 29 May 2013.
Polanah, Paulo, and Karl Precoda. “In the Vortex of Modernity:
Writing Blackness, Blindness and Insight.” Journal of
Modern Literature 34.3 (2011): 31-46. Print.

27. CITING IN TEXT

MLA in-text citations follow the Author-Page
style, meaning the author's last name and the page
number(s) of the quotation or paraphrase must
appear in the text

Wordsworth stated that Romanic poetry was marked
by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings"
(263). direct
Romantic poetry is characterized by the
"spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings"
(Wordsworth 263).direct
Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion
in the creative process (263). paraphrasing



28. WORKS CITED

29. ALVIN SHERMAN GUIDES

www.nova.campusguides.com/apa

www.nova.campusguides.com/mla