Python Notes for mca i year students osmania university.docx
Thermonuclear bomb hydrogen bomb
1. HYDROGEN
BOMB
Submitted To : Presented By :
Dr. Brishti Mitra Ramji Mishra
Head of Department CSJMA14001390215
Chemical Engineering Chemical Engineering
2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• HISTORY
• DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROGEN BOMB
• DIFFERENCE B/W HYDROGEN BOMB AND ATOMIC BOMB
• PHYSICS OF FUSION OF HYDROGEN NUCLEI
• STRUCTURE OF HYDROGEN BOMB
• FEATURES OF HYDROGEN BOMB
• PROCESS OF HYDROGEN BOMB
• EFFECTS OF HYDROGEN BOMB
• TSAR BOMB
• CURRENT SCENARIO OF HYDROGEN BOMB
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
3. INTRODUCTION
• Hydrogen bomb or H-bomb, weapon whose enormous explosive power
results from an uncontrolled, self-sustaining chain reaction in
which isotopes of hydrogen combine under extremely high temperatures to
form helium in a process known as nuclear fusion.
4. HISTORY
• The first fission weapons, also known as "atomic bombs," were developed
jointly by the United States, Britain and Canada during World War II under
the Manhattan Project. In August 1945 two were dropped on Japan ending
the Pacific War. The Soviet Union started development shortly thereafter
with their own atomic bomb project, and after that developed even more
powerful fusion weapons called "hydrogen bombs."
• During the Cold War, the Soviet Union and United States each acquired
nuclear weapons arsenals numbering in the thousands, placing many of
them onto rockets which could hit targets anywhere in the world.
• The first hydrogen bomb was exploded in November 1952 in Marshall
Islands.
• In 1953, Russia exploded a powerful hydrogen bomb having power of 1
million tonnes of TNT.
5. DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROGEN
BOMB
• Edward Teller, Hungarian
physicist, PhD 1930 Leipzig,
Germany with Heisenberg
(Right Picture)
• Stanislaw Ulam, Polish
mathematician came 1935
to US (Harvard)
(Left Picture)
The problem of “building a bomb that will maintain the
high temperatures required for thermonuclear reactions
to occur” was solved by Edward Teller and Stanislaw
Ulam.
11. FEATURES OF HYDROGEN
BOMB
1. First, the stages of the weapon are separated into a triggering, primary
explosive and a much more powerful secondary explosive.
2. After this, the secondary explosive is compressed by X-rays coming from
the nuclear fission of the primary explosive. This process is called the
“radiation implosion” of the secondary explosive.
3. Finally, the secondary explosive is heated, after cold compression, by a
second fission explosion that occurs inside the secondary explosive.
13. EFFECTS OF HYDROGEN BOMB
• Hydrogen Bomb explosion produces blast, light, heat, and varying amounts
of fallout.
• The concussive force of the blast itself takes the form of a shock wave that
radiates from the point of the explosion at supersonic speeds and that can
completely destroy any building within a radius of several miles.
• The intense white light of the explosion can cause permanent blindness to
people gazing at it from a distance of dozens of miles. The explosion’s
intense light and heat set wood and other combustible materials burning at
a range of many miles, creating huge fires that may coalesce into a
firestorm.
• The radioactive fallout contaminates air, water, and soil and may continue
years after the explosion.
14. • Two types of bomb are classified based on radioactivity :
• Clean Bomb – E.g. Neutron Bomb
• Dirty Bomb – E.g. Cobalt Bomb
The physicist Leo Szilard called Cobalt Bomb, a “doomsday device” since
it was capable of wiping out life on earth.
Neutron Bomb Cobalt Bomb
15. TSAR BOMB
• The RDS-220 hydrogen bomb, also known as the Tsar Bomb, is the
biggest and most powerful thermo nuclear bomb ever made. It was
exploded by the Soviet Union on 30 October 1961 over Novaya Zemlya
Island in the Russian Arctic Sea.
• The hydrogen bomb was air dropped by a Tu-95 bomber using huge fall-
retardation parachute. The detonation occurred 4km above the ground
producing a yield of 50Mt, which is believed to be equivalent to the
explosive power from the simultaneous detonation of 3,800 Hiroshima
bombs.
17. CONCLUSION
• Hydrogen Bomb is most powerful nuclear bomb ever made in the field of
Nuclear Weapons.
• It’s test can bring severe destruction to the environment around the earth.
• It require tremendous amount of temperature which is very hard to achieve.
• The Cobalt -60, so called Dirty Bomb is used for the treatment of Cancer.
