che engg.

1. PLASTIC PROCESSING TECHNIQUES
Submitted to- Submitted by-
Dr. Brishti Mitra AbhishekUtkarsh
HOD, Chemical Eng. CSJMA14001390183
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B. Tech Final Year Seminar

2. Contents
Introduction
Plastics
Types of Process
 Casting Process
Thermoforming Process
Extrusion Molding
References
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3. Introduction
Plastic processing techniques?
The processing stages of plastics are Heating, Forming and
Cooling in continuous or repeated cycle.
The manufacturing process of plastics products depend on
shape of final product and types plastic material being used
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4. Plastics
It is a organic polymer of high molecular mass which can
be easily molded.
((
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5. Types of Processing Techniques
1.Processing Techniques for Thermosets-
Thermosets can be processed in two steps first it can be
melted and then poured into the mold to make desired shape.
Examples- casting, resins transfer molding etc.
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6. 2.Processing Techniques forThermoplastics
Thermoplastics can be processed by heating up to the
glass transition temperature and formed into the shape
with the application of pressure.
Examples - thermoforming process , extrusion process,
blow molding, compression molding etc.
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7. Casting
 Materials Used-
The thermosets (such as polyesters,urethanes,phinolics
and epoxy) and thermoplastics(as nylons) can be used
with powdered stone for colouration.
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8. Advantages
Low initial investment
cost
Flexible parts can be
made
Dimensional stability
High production rate
Disadvantages
This is more labour
intensive than resin
transfer molding
Complex shape can't be
produced
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9. Applications of Casting
 Toys, garage kits , sheets either individual parts or
entire model of objects like trains, aircrafts, boats, ships
etc.
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10. Thermoforming
Thermoforming is a plastic processing technique in
which the thermoplastic plastic sheet are formed with the
application of heat and pressure in a mold.
There are different types of thermoforming process-
• Vacuum forming
• Pressure forming
• Matched die forming
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11. Materials Used
Low density polyethylene
(LDPE)
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
High density polyethylene
(HDPE)
Polystyrene
Acrylonitrile butadiene
styrene (ABS)
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12. Vacuum Forming
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13. Pressure Forming
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14. Match Die Forming
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15. Advantages
Design flexibility
Low initial step cost
Low production cost
Good Dimensional
stability
Disadvantages
Poor surface finish
Parts may have non
uniform wall thickness
Very thick plastic sheet
can not be used
Limited materials can be
used
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16. Applications
 Food packaging, Automobile part, Trays, Building
products, Aircraft's windscreens etc.
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17. Extrusion Processing Techniques
It is a high volume manufacturing process
Materials Used- polyethylene, polypropylene, nylons,
PVC, ABS etc.
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18. Types of Extrusion process
There are different types of Extrusion process-
Sheetfilm Extrusion
Blow film Extrusion
Co- Extrusion
Extrusion coating etc.
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19. Blow film Extrusion
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20. Sheet/Film Extrusion
 Flat type of Die is used
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21. Extrusion Coating
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23. Co-Extrusion
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24. Advantages
High production volume
Relatively low cost with
respect to other molding
process
Design flexibility
Short lead time
Continues part can be
produced
Disadvantages
Limited complexity of
part
Uniform cross section
can be only form
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25. Applications
Sheets
Wire coating
Pipes
Sheet coating
Insulating pads
Battery packers etc.
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26. References
 https://www.iitr.ac.in/centres/ETC/, www.nptel.ac.in
 https://www.docsity.com/en/news/education-2/plastic-processing-
techniques-explained-interesting-gifs/
 https://www.google.co.in/search?client=ucweb-
b&channel=sb&biw=360&bih=261&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=t6OfWp_jNY
KavQTQkKX4Cg&q=Extrusion+process+&oq=Extrusion+process+&
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