teenage pregnancy

1. - Teenage Pregnancy –
the growing epidemic

2. The World Health Organisation (WHO, 2006)
defines teenage pregnancy as
a ‘teenaged or under-
aged girl (usually within the ages of 13–19)
becoming pregnant.’ The term usually refers to
women who become pregnant, who have not
reached legal adulthood; legal adulthood varies in
different countries.

4. 11 July 2013 – United Nations officials marked World Population
Day today by spotlighting the issue of adolescent pregnancy, and
calling on Governments to take measures to enable girls to make
responsible life choices and realize their potential

5. Teenage birth rate per 1,000 females
aged 15–19, 2000–2009
<10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
>50
According to a 2001 UNICEF survey, in 10 out of 12
developed nations with available data, more
than two thirds of young people have had sexual intercourse
while still in their teens
According to a 2001 UNICEF survey, in 10 out of 12
developed nations with available data, more
than two thirds of young people have had sexual intercourse
while still in their teens

6. Statistic by state Health Department – teen pregnancy statistic
manual 2012 shoed a spike in maternal death
- 5 cases in 3 month / in complarison with 17 cases
throughout 2012
12pregnanciesperday

7. 18,847 teen pregnancies were recorded in 2012,
of whom 4,183 were unmarried.
- almost > 45 %

8. Family Health Development division assistant deputy director Dr Nik Rubiah Nik Abdul Rashid said
- many factors that contributed to unwanted teen pregnancy, but lack of parental guidance was
identified as the root of the problem.
"Parents are too busy working and fail to supervise their children's
social activities.As children grow older, they assume that their kids
are independent enough."
- communication among family members was crucial and parents should engage their children more
to steer them on the right path.
"Parents should pay attention to children's activities; who their
friends are and what they do with them."
- poor knowledge of sexual reproductive health as one of the factors of unplanned pregnancies.
"Teenagers lacked information on sexual education, hence they
were ill-equipped with information on how to have safe sex.

9. Should be IT-savvy to monitor their children's
activity in cyberspace.
"The emergence of new technology has
provided a fresh challenge to parents.
"Always be aware of what your children are
doing online."

10. She also said students with unwanted
pregnancies were allowed to quit school before
completion.
"This can affect the future of the student and
the newborn.
"Students should be encouraged to finish
school, or at least be equipped with vocational
skills so that they can they can work to earn a
living."

11. Social stigma
"Some teenagers come to the clinics at a late
stage.
"This is because they had been deliberating
over the next step for a long time.
"There is shame involved.
"They are afraid of what the public might
think.
"This can lead to problems such as teens
engaging in unsafe abortions or even dumping
their newborn."

12. Dr Nik Rubiah gave her assurance that teenagers
who sought treatment in government clinics would
have their confidentiality maintained.
"We do not want to scare teenagers. We have
implemented a guide for trainers on how to
take care of the teenagers' confidentiality
without sidelining the law and their parents'
right to know.

13. “Blaming a young child for her pregnancy is far
from solving the matter. Instead, the community
must work together with law makers to educate
these girls, and give them the opportunity to live
their lives to full potential.”
“The ability to manage a relationship, or make a
decision whether to be married, get pregnant or
have sex, is a life skill that must be instilled in our
children.
United Nations Population Fund’s (UNPF) Malaysian representative, Michelle Gyles-McDonnough said the
increasing number of young mothers meant more women were being left out from achieving their full
potential in life.
She said this could lead to increase in poverty and have a direct impact on the country’s economy.
“When a young girl gets married, it will create a web of issues from an abrupt end to her education,
affecting future job opportunities and a fulfilling career, bringing her down to poverty, and limiting her ability
in contributing to the country,” she said.
Gyles-McDonnough said this at the launch of the UNPF Report, ‘The State of The World Population 2013,
Motherhood in Childhood: Facing the Challenge of Adolescent Pregnancy’

14. Fakta WHO , mengapa menjadi isu
kesihatan?
- 16 million remaja perempuan menjadi ibu
setiap tahun ( negara-negara berpenduduk
tinggi perpendapatan rendah - sederhana)
- dianggarkan sejumlah 3 juta remaja
perempuan berumur 15-19 menggugurkan
anak sengaja/ tidak sengaja
- di negara berpendapatan rendah –
sederhana, komplikasi dari antenatal –
proses kelahiran merupakan faktor
utama kematian remaja 15-19 tahun
- Stillbirths dan NND adalah 50% lebih
tinggi risiko bagi “ibu muda” berbanding
wanita yang lebih berumur 20-29tahun
- risiko LBW adalah lebih tinggi

16. Social issues!!

17. “This sensitive topic demands global attention,”
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said in his message for
the Day, observed annually on 11 July.
To address the problems associated with adolescent
pregnancy, Mr. Ban stressed the need to get girls into
primary school and enable them to receive a good
education through their
adolescence.
“When a young girl is educated,
she is more likely to marry later,
delay childbearing until
she is ready, have
healthier children,
and earn a higher income.”

18. Factors
 Peranan ibu bapa / penjaga
 Media Massa
 Perasaan sifat ingin tahu
 Sex education – penggunaan
contraceptives
 Culture dan adat – pressure untuk
berkahwin awal dan mengandung *
termasuk faktor pendidikan yang limit.
 Pendidikan – 1* berkadar songsang/
pregnancy
 Dipaksa

19.  Complications of pregnancy and childbirth are
the leading cause of mortality among women
aged 15–19 in such areas

 Also, the practice of some parents to marry off their underage daughters to
their equally underage partners “to cover their shame” normally did not
work. It created more social problems, she said.

“These teen marriages always end in failure. What we will have are very young
divorced people and very young single mothers.”
- said Datuk Fatimah Abdullah, State Minister in Welfare, Women and Family
Development.

22. When we devote attention and resources to the
education, health and well-being of adolescent
girls, they will become an even greater force for
positive change in society that will have an impact
for generations to come

23. “Every young girl, regardless of where she lives,
or her economic circumstances, has the right
to fulfil her human potential. Today, too many
girls are denied that right. We can change that,
and we must.”
- UNFPA *UN Population Fund Executive
Director Babatunde Osotimehin

24. Sekolah Harapan di Jasin mencatatkan
sebanyak 201 kelahiran bayi sejak
penubuhannya pada September 2010.

25. “Perbelanjaan keseluruhan sekolah adalah ditanggung oleh Majlis
Agama Islam Melaka dengan pengisian keagamaan dijalankan
pada sesi pagi manakala sesi petang diisi dengan pelajaran
akademik,” katanya ketika menjawab soalan Md Rawi Mahmud
(BN-Tanjung Bidara) mengenai perkembangan pusat perlindungan
itu pada persidangan pertama penggal kedua Dewan Undangan
Negeri Melaka ke-13 di sini, ini.
Katanya dalam tempoh itu juga sebanyak 28 penghuni mengambil
peperiksaan awam dengan 21 orang menjalani peperiksaan Sijil
Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) dan Penilaian Menengah Rendah (7).
Dalam sidang akhbar selepas itu, Latipah berkata bayi berkenaan
kebanyakannya dijaga oleh ibu kandung mereka selain ada yang
diserah kepada keluarga angkat.
Katanya pihak Sekolah Harapan turut melakukan pemantauan
berkala