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SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI LEMPUNG TERPILAR Al/Zr DARI LEMPUNG ALAM 
Oleh: 
Yeni Irfaniyah 
J2C 001 184 
RINGKASAN 
Telah dilakukan sintesis lempung terpilar dengan metode interkalasi lempung alam dengan kation aluminium-zirkonium yang bertindak sebagai penukar kation antar lapis lempung. Lempung alam yang digunakan berasal dari Boyolali, pilarisasi dilakukan dengan cara mencampurkan lempung dengan larutan pemilar aluminium-zirkonium dengan komposisi 85% aluminium dan 15% zirkonium selama 16 jam. Lempung terpilar diperoleh dengan mengkalsinasi lempung terinterkalasi sehingga terbentuk tiang-tiang penyangga lapisan yang bersifat permanen. Kalsinasi dilakukan pada suhu 150oC, 250oC, 300oC, dan 350oC selama 2 jam. Suhu kalsinasi divariasi untuk melihat pengaruh suhu tersebut terhadap basal spacing dan luas permukaan lempung terpilar. Basal spacing dipelajari dengan menggunakan metode Difraksi Sinar-X (XRD) dan luas permukaan dengan metode adsorpsi gas nitrogen melalui persamaan Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa lempung terpilar aluminium-zirkonium yang terbentuk memiliki basal spacing sebesar 15,83 Å pada suhu kalsinasi 150oC, luas permukaan spesifik meningkat sampai 30,39%, jari-jari pori rata-rata sampai 4,71%, serta volume total pori sampai 7,81%. Dari hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa lempung alam asal Boyolali dapat dipilarisasi dengan aluminium-zirkonium.
SUMMARY 
The pillared clay synthesis was conducted by intercalation natural clay with aluminium-zircon which act as cation changer among clay layers. Natural clay that used come from Boyolali, pillarization was conducted by mixing the clay with pillarizator aluminium-zircon which is contains 85% aluminium and 15% zircon during 16 hours. The pillared clay obtained by calcinating intercalated clay until formed permanent support pillars. The calcination was doing at 150oC, 250oC, 300oC, and 350oC during 2 hours. Calcination temperature was varied out to observe its influence to basal spacing and surface area of pillared clay. Basal spacing learned using defraction X-ray (XRD) method and surface area using adsorption nitrogen through Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) equation. The analysis result show that pillared clay aluminium-zircon that formed have basal spacing 15,83 Å at 150oC calcination temperature, specific surface area increase up to 30,39%, the average of porous radius is 4,71%, and total volume porous up to 7,91%. The conclusion of this result is natural clay come from Boyolali can be pillarizated with aluminium-zirconium.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA 
Cool, P., and Vansant, E.F., 1998, “Pillared Clays: Preparation, Characterization and Applications”, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Antwerp (USA), Universiteitplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium. 
Figueras, F., 1998, “Pillared Clays as Catalysts”, Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng., 30(3), 457-499. 
Fonth, H.D., 1988, “Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Tanah”, a.b. Endang Try Purbayanti, Dwi Retno Lukiwati, Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta. 
Han, Y.S., Matsumoto, H., Yamanaka,S., 1997, “Preparation of New Silica Sol Based Pillared Clays with High Surfaace Area and High Thermal Stability”, Chem. Mater, 9, 2013-2018. 
Hardjowigeno, S., 1987, “Ilmu Tanah”, PT. Melton Putra, Jakarta, 61-62. 
Hernando, M.J., Pesquera, C., Blanco, C., Benito, I., and Gonzalez, F., 1996, “Differences in Structural, Textural and Catalytic Properties of Motmorillonite Pillared with (GaAl12) and (AlAl12) Polyoxycations”, Chem.Mater, 76-82. 
Fendy, A, 2002, “Pilarisasi Lempung Montmorilonit dengan TiO2”, Skripsi, FMIPA UGM, Yogyakarta. 
Kusumastuti, R., 2003, “Pilarisasi Lempung Montmorilonit dengan TiO2 dan Pemanfaatannya Sebagai Inang Senyawa Azobenzena”, Skripsi, FMIPA UGM, Yogyakarta.
Ohtsuka, K., 1997, “Preparation and Properties of Two Dimensional Microporous Pillared Interlayer Solid”, Chem. Mater, 9, 2039-2052. 
Pinnavaia, T.J., 1983, “Intercalated Clay Catalysts”, Science, 220, 4595 
Tan, K.H., 1982, “Dasar-Dasar Kimia Tanah”, a.b Didiek Hadjar Goenadi, Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta. 
Van Olphen, H.,1997, “An Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry for Clay Technologist, Geologist, and Soil Scientist”, 2nded, A Willey Interscience Publication, Otorio.

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Abstrak yeni irfaniyah

  • 1. SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI LEMPUNG TERPILAR Al/Zr DARI LEMPUNG ALAM Oleh: Yeni Irfaniyah J2C 001 184 RINGKASAN Telah dilakukan sintesis lempung terpilar dengan metode interkalasi lempung alam dengan kation aluminium-zirkonium yang bertindak sebagai penukar kation antar lapis lempung. Lempung alam yang digunakan berasal dari Boyolali, pilarisasi dilakukan dengan cara mencampurkan lempung dengan larutan pemilar aluminium-zirkonium dengan komposisi 85% aluminium dan 15% zirkonium selama 16 jam. Lempung terpilar diperoleh dengan mengkalsinasi lempung terinterkalasi sehingga terbentuk tiang-tiang penyangga lapisan yang bersifat permanen. Kalsinasi dilakukan pada suhu 150oC, 250oC, 300oC, dan 350oC selama 2 jam. Suhu kalsinasi divariasi untuk melihat pengaruh suhu tersebut terhadap basal spacing dan luas permukaan lempung terpilar. Basal spacing dipelajari dengan menggunakan metode Difraksi Sinar-X (XRD) dan luas permukaan dengan metode adsorpsi gas nitrogen melalui persamaan Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa lempung terpilar aluminium-zirkonium yang terbentuk memiliki basal spacing sebesar 15,83 Å pada suhu kalsinasi 150oC, luas permukaan spesifik meningkat sampai 30,39%, jari-jari pori rata-rata sampai 4,71%, serta volume total pori sampai 7,81%. Dari hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa lempung alam asal Boyolali dapat dipilarisasi dengan aluminium-zirkonium.
  • 2. SUMMARY The pillared clay synthesis was conducted by intercalation natural clay with aluminium-zircon which act as cation changer among clay layers. Natural clay that used come from Boyolali, pillarization was conducted by mixing the clay with pillarizator aluminium-zircon which is contains 85% aluminium and 15% zircon during 16 hours. The pillared clay obtained by calcinating intercalated clay until formed permanent support pillars. The calcination was doing at 150oC, 250oC, 300oC, and 350oC during 2 hours. Calcination temperature was varied out to observe its influence to basal spacing and surface area of pillared clay. Basal spacing learned using defraction X-ray (XRD) method and surface area using adsorption nitrogen through Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) equation. The analysis result show that pillared clay aluminium-zircon that formed have basal spacing 15,83 Å at 150oC calcination temperature, specific surface area increase up to 30,39%, the average of porous radius is 4,71%, and total volume porous up to 7,91%. The conclusion of this result is natural clay come from Boyolali can be pillarizated with aluminium-zirconium.
  • 3. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Cool, P., and Vansant, E.F., 1998, “Pillared Clays: Preparation, Characterization and Applications”, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Antwerp (USA), Universiteitplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium. Figueras, F., 1998, “Pillared Clays as Catalysts”, Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng., 30(3), 457-499. Fonth, H.D., 1988, “Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Tanah”, a.b. Endang Try Purbayanti, Dwi Retno Lukiwati, Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta. Han, Y.S., Matsumoto, H., Yamanaka,S., 1997, “Preparation of New Silica Sol Based Pillared Clays with High Surfaace Area and High Thermal Stability”, Chem. Mater, 9, 2013-2018. Hardjowigeno, S., 1987, “Ilmu Tanah”, PT. Melton Putra, Jakarta, 61-62. Hernando, M.J., Pesquera, C., Blanco, C., Benito, I., and Gonzalez, F., 1996, “Differences in Structural, Textural and Catalytic Properties of Motmorillonite Pillared with (GaAl12) and (AlAl12) Polyoxycations”, Chem.Mater, 76-82. Fendy, A, 2002, “Pilarisasi Lempung Montmorilonit dengan TiO2”, Skripsi, FMIPA UGM, Yogyakarta. Kusumastuti, R., 2003, “Pilarisasi Lempung Montmorilonit dengan TiO2 dan Pemanfaatannya Sebagai Inang Senyawa Azobenzena”, Skripsi, FMIPA UGM, Yogyakarta.
  • 4. Ohtsuka, K., 1997, “Preparation and Properties of Two Dimensional Microporous Pillared Interlayer Solid”, Chem. Mater, 9, 2039-2052. Pinnavaia, T.J., 1983, “Intercalated Clay Catalysts”, Science, 220, 4595 Tan, K.H., 1982, “Dasar-Dasar Kimia Tanah”, a.b Didiek Hadjar Goenadi, Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta. Van Olphen, H.,1997, “An Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry for Clay Technologist, Geologist, and Soil Scientist”, 2nded, A Willey Interscience Publication, Otorio.