Sample Outline for an Export Plan (Source www.export.gov).docx

Sample Outline for an Export Plan (Source www.export.gov).docx
Sample Outline for an Export Plan (Source: www.export.gov) Is you company's management committed to pursue exporting operations? Make sure you've answered the following questions. Table of Contents Executive Summary (one or two pages maximum) Introduction: Why This Company Should Export Part I Export Policy Commitment Statement Part II Situation/Background Analysis n
Part III Marketing Component nternal Organization and Procedures Part IV Tactics: Action Steps Part V Export Budget tements Part VI Implementation Schedule
-up Results Against Plan) InternatIonal MarketIng and export ManageMent Gerald Albaum Edwin Duerr Seventh Edition www.pearson-books.com Front cover image: © Getty Images In ter n atIo
n a l M a r k etIn g a n d ex po r t M a n a g eM en t
Albaum Duerr Seventh EditionInternatIonal MarketIng and export ManageMent Gerald Albaum Edwin Duerr Seventh Edition International Marketing and Export Management offers an accessible and authoritative perspective on international marketing with a strong export management orientation, comprehensively describing the evolving competitive landscape as created by technological advances and international trade patterns. The seventh edition retains its clear and informed coverage of the opportunities for companies of all sizes and in all industries in the export of goods, services, intellectual property and business models. Written in a no-nonsense style, the book has been updated to offer the most current discussion of the literature in the area, as well as new and engaging cases and examples in every chapter. Key features include: • Updated to take account of the global economic crisis • New case studies including BP’s problems in the Gulf of Mexico and Toyota’s worldwide recalls, along with more practical examples and vignettes throughout the text • Increased coverage of the service sector
• New material on the increased importance of the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) and their rapid export-led growth • Greater emphasis on corporate social responsibility and ethics About the authors Gerald Albaum is Research Professor at the Robert O. Anderson Schools of Management, University of New Mexico, and Professor Emeritus of Marketing at the University of Oregon, USA. He is also Senior Research Fellow at the IC2 Institute, University of Texas, Austin, USA. He has been a visiting professor and scholar at universities in Canada, Denmark, New Zealand, Australia, Turkey, France, Finland and Hong Kong. Edwin Duerr is Professor Emeritus of International Business at San Francisco State University, USA. He has been a visiting professor at universities in Japan, Brazil, Germany, Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands, and has extensive consulting business around the globe. He is also Senior Editor of The Journal of International Business and Economy. The book is ideal for undergraduate and postgraduate students taking modules in International Marketing and Export Marketing/International Trade. It will also be used as a supplementary text on International Business courses. CVR_ALBA3880_07_SE_CVR.indd 1 20/04/2011 15:09
International Marketing and Export Management We work with leading authors to develop the strongest educational materials in marketing, bringing cutting-edge thinking and best learning practice to a global market. Under a range of well-known imprints, including Financial Times Prentice Hall, we craft high quality print and electronic publications which help readers to understand and apply their content, whether studying or at work. To find out more about the complete range of our publishing, please visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk Gerald Albaum University of New Mexico, USA Edwin Duerr San Francisco State University, USA International Marketing and Export Management Seventh Edition
Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE England and Associated Companies throughout the world Visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk First published 1989 Second edition published 1994 Third edition published 1998 Fourth edition published 2002 Fifth edition published 2005 Sixth edition published 2008 Seventh edition published 2011 © Addison-Wesley Publishers Limited 1989, 1994 © Gerald Albaum, Edwin Duerr and Jesper Strandskov 1998, 2008, 2011 The rights of Gerald Albaum, Edwin Duerr and Jesper Strandskov to be identified as authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying in the United Kingdom
issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. All trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners. The use of any trademark in this text does not vest in the author or publisher any trademark ownership rights in such trademarks, nor does the use of such trademarks imply any affiliation with or endorsement of this book by such owners. ISBN: 978-0-273-74388-0 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Albaum, Gerald S. International marketing and export management / Gerald Albaum, Edwin Duerr. — 7th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-273-74388-0 (pbk.) 1. Export marketing—Management. I. Duerr, Edwin. II. Title. HF1416.I617 2011 658.8'4—dc22 2011001761 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
16 15 14 13 12 11 Typeset in Book Antiqua 10/12.5 by 73 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Ashford Colour Press Ltd, Gosport, Hampshire The publisher’s policy is to use paper manufactured from sustainable forests. Dedication To my wife, Carol, whose support and encouragement have sustained me in my continuing research and through seven editions of International Marketing and Export Management. Gerald Albaum To Mitsuko Saito Duerr, my wife and companion in life in teaching, consulting, writing and international adventures. Edwin Duerr Preface xvii About the authors xxii List of abbreviations xxiii Publisher’s acknowledgements xxviii
1 International marketing and exporting 1 2 Bases of international marketing 102 3 The international environment: culture; economic forces; and competition 174 4 The international environment: government, political and legal forces 217 5 Market selection: definition and strategies 262 6 Information for international market(ing) decisions 322 7 Market entry strategies 391 8 Export entry modes 442 9 Nonexport entry modes 512 10 Product decisions 580 11 Pricing decisions 670 12 Financing and methods of payment 730 13 Promotion and marketing communication 774 14 Supply chain management/logistics and handling export orders 854 15 Organization of international marketing activities 921 Glossary 959 Index 974
Brief contents vii Preface xvii About the authors xxii List of abbreviations xxiii Publisher’s acknowledgements xxviii 1 International marketing and exporting 1 Introduction 2 Reasons why rapid growth in international business will resume 7 Increasing competitive demands on business world wide 14 Problems and needs 17 Being effective: the nature and practice of international marketing 21 Export marketing planning and strategy 33 The Internet, the World Wide Web, and e-business 42 The impact of technology 48
Entrepreneurial approaches to international marketing 51 The growth of non-traditional exports 54 Purpose and approach of the book 60 Appendix The worldwide recession of 2007–2010 61 Questions for discussion 63 References 64 Further reading 68 Case study 1.1 Voice4u 68 Case study 1.2 New United Motors Manufacturing Inc. 70 Case study 1.3 Export of art goods from Hungary 87 Contents ix x Contents Case study 1.4 eBay, Inc. 88 Case study 1.5 Dell, Inc. 93 2 Bases of international marketing 102 Introduction 103
Potential benefits from export marketing 103 International trade theories 107 Export behavior theories and motives 116 The development of export in the firm: internationalization stages 126 Exporting and the network model 128 Ethical/moral issues 132 Social responsibility and the business environment 137 Summary 148 Questions for discussion 148 References 150 Further reading 152 Case study 2.1 BP 152 Case study 2.2 Toyota Motor Corporation 161 Case study 2.3 GlaxoSmithKline PLC 166 3 The international environment: culture; economic forces; and competition 174 Introduction 174 Culture and the socio-cultural environment 175
Economic forces 194 Competition 200 Summary 204 Questions for discussion 205 References 205 Further reading 207 Case study 3.1 Supreme Canning Company 208 Case study 3.2 Ford Motor Company 211 4 The international environment: government, political and legal forces 217 Introduction 217 Role of government 218 Economic integration 242 Summary 247 Questions for discussion 248 Contents xi References 248
Further reading 250 Case study 4.1 Avon Products, Inc. (A) 250 Case study 4.2 Woberg Company 260 5 Market selection: definition and strategies 262 Introduction 263 Market definition and segmentation 268 Market expansion/selection process, procedure, and strategy 277 Foreign market portfolios: technique and analysis 297 Summary 302 Questions for discussion 303 References 304 Further reading 306 Case study 5.1 IKEA 307 Case study 5.2 Seven-Eleven Japan 312 Case study 5.3 Better Way Company Limited 318 6 Information for international market(ing) decisions 322 Introduction 323 Sources of information 327
Assessing market potential 335 Export marketing research 339 Using the Internet and e-mail for data collection 359 Summary 360 Questions for discussion 361 References 361 Further reading 364 Appendix: Selected publications and websites providing secondary data 364 Case study 6.1 SAN A/S 370 Case study 6.2 Aquabear AB 374 Case study 6.3 Ford Motor Company Latin America 377 Case study 6.4 United Parcel Service, Inc. 388 7 Market entry strategies 391 Introduction 392 Entry as a channel decision 392 Importance of the entry decision 393 Entry as a strategy 398
xii Contents Factors influencing choice of entry mode 406 Managing the channel 417 Selecting the entry mode 419 Using free areas 421 Summary 421 Questions for discussion 422 References 423 Further reading 425 Case study 7.1 Yang Toyland Pte, Limited 425 Case study 7.2 Avon Products, Inc. (B) 434 Case study 7.3 Klako Group 438 Case study 7.4 Li and Fung Ltd 440 8 Export entry modes 442 Introduction 443 Indirect export 446 Direct export 462
Foreign sales branch 466 The Internet and e-commerce 480 Gray market exporting 486 Measuring performance 489 Summary 491 Questions for discussion 492 References 492 Further reading 495 Appendix: Developing an export plan 496 Case study 8.1 Sinova Management Consultancy Ltd. 498 Case study 8.2 Quint Winery 500 Case study 8.3 Nestlé 504 Case study 8.4 Urban Outfitters 509 9 Nonexport entry modes 512 Introduction 513 Alternative modes of entry 515 Manufacturing facilities 517 Assembly operations 532
Strategic alliances 535 Choosing between alternatives 554 Summary 555 Questions for discussion 555 Contents xiii References 557 Further reading 560 Case study 9.1 Imagination Entertainment 561 Case study 9.2 GG Farm Machinery Company 565 Case study 9.3 VW in China 566 Case study 9.4 Gloria Jean’s Coffees 573 Case study 9.5 Sonya Madden 576 Case study 9.6 Wah Shing Toys 577 10 Product decisions 580 Introduction 581 Product policy 581 Product planning and development 583
Product mix decisions 605 Standardization vs adaptation 616 Packaging 625 Branding issues 630 Summary 639 Questions for discussion 640 References 641 Further reading 644 Case study 10.1 Daewoo Corporation 645 Case study 10.2 Tata Motors and Tata Daewoo 649 Case study 10.3 General Motors, GM Daewoo, and Hyundai 651 Case study 10.4 The Pampered Chef 653 Case study 10.5 The internationalization of Chinese brands 658 Case study 10.6 Royal Philips Electronics 663 Case study 10.7 The Boeing Company 665 11 Pricing decisions 670 Introduction 671
Determinants of an export price 673 Fundamental export pricing strategy 688 Relation of export to domestic price policies 695 Exchange rate changes, currency issues, and hedging 702 The price quotation 707 Transfer pricing 713 Summary 718 Questions for discussion 719 xiv Contents References 719 Further reading 721 Case study 11.1 RAP Engineering and Equipment Company 722 Case study 11.2 The Capitool Company 723 Case study 11.3 Strato Designs 728 12 Financing and methods of payment 730 Introduction 731 Export financing methods/terms of payment 732
Payment/financing procedures 739 Export credit insurance 759 Countertrade 760 Summary 767 Questions for discussion 769 References 769 Further reading 770 Case study 12.1 Tainan Glass Manufacturing Company 771 Case study 12.2 Arion Exports 772 13 Promotion and marketing communication 774 Introduction 775 Export marketing promotion and communication decisions 778 Alternative techniques of promotion 786 Promotional programs and strategy 814 Standardization or adaptation? 818 Advertising transference 827 Management issues 829 Summary 830
Questions for discussion 831 References 832 Further reading 834 Case study 13.1 Christa Clothing International 835 Case study 13.2 Nove Ltd 841 Case study 13.3 Eli’s Cheesecake Company 846 Case study 13.4 Kraft Foods 852 14 Supply chain management/logistics and handling export orders 854 Introduction 855 Contents xv Handling the export order 859 Physical distribution 863 Logistics and the systems concept 868 Structure of international physical distribution 876 A concluding comment 906 Questions for discussion 906
References 907 Further reading 908 Case study 14.1 Jaguar Electronics, Inc. 908 Case study 14.2 Primex Marketing, Inc. 912 Case study 14.3 EFI Logistics 918 15 Organization of international marketing activities 921 Introduction 922 Main considerations of being organized internationally 923 Organizational structures 929 Summary 940 Questions for discussion 940 References 941 Case study 15.1 Hewlett-Packard (HP) 941 Case study 15.2 Unilever (A) 945 Case study 15.3 Unilever (B) 956 Glossary 959 Index 974 Supporting resources
Visit www.pearsoned.co.uk/albaum to find valuable online resources. For instructors: ● Complete, downloadable Instructor’s Manual. ● PowerPoint slides that can be downloaded and used for presentations. ● Links to articles and resources on the web. Also: The Companion Website provides the following features: ● Search tool to help locate specific items of content. ● E-mail results and profile tools to send results of quizzes to instructors. ● Online help and support to assist with website usage and troubleshooting. For more information please contact your local Pearson Education sales representative or visit www.pearsoned.co.uk/albaum Meeting the changing challenges in international marketing Three changes in international business have made international marketing and export management of even greater importance – and a new edition of this book necessary. The first is the economic recession beginning in 2007–08, and its aftermath. The second is the exceptionally strong growth and economic power of China and India. The third is the continuing development of the
factors that had led to economic growth and the importance of international business in previous decades. 1. The recession that began in 2007–08 had dramatic effects, reducing GDP and demand in most nations, and causing the first drop in the volume and value of international trade in 50 years. Paradoxically, as we shall see, it made international business and export marketing of even greater importance to both countries and businesses. We will discuss the many problems businesses faced, the strategies taken to meet the challenges, and the effects these changes can be expected to have on long-term operations. However, in order to place the effects of the recession in perspective, we will first briefly discuss five aspects of the situation: (1) the recession and expected renewed growth; (2) increasing international interdependence; (3) exports as an engine of growth; (4) importance of innovation and entrepreneurship; and (5) the reasons why rapid growth in international business and trade will resume. 2. China’s economic development has made it one of the world’s largest exporters and importers, and the second largest economy in the world. It is exporting manufactured goods with increasing levels of technology, and importing more luxury goods. This has resulted in continually
changing world trade patterns and greater threats to and opportunities for companies throughout the world. India has become the world’s leader in the provision of services of knowledge-industry workers, and also an important IT provider. 3. The other major advances that have occurred during past decades will continue to drive increasing globalization, and the ever-greater importance of international marketing and export management. These include: Preface xvii xviii Preface ● The information revolution with the technological advances and lowered costs in communications, the development of the Internet and e- commerce, and the development of increasingly sophisticated and diverse software to support a wide variety of business functions. New companies and industries have emerged while a number of existing companies have undertaker major changes or failed. Blogs and other new communications networks, some of which were initially developed as social network sites, have enabled easier
gathering of information by individuals as well as providing new opportunities for businesses. They have provided means for companies to more effec- tively interact with key stakeholders: obtaining information on consumer preferences, demands and suggestions as well as advertising to the customers; obtaining suggestions from and providing information to company personnel as well as other stakeholders and the public. ● The further development of logistics and supply chain management, draw- ing upon new concepts and methods, advances in information technology in its most broad sense, and major advances in physical equipment and facilities. This has resulted in goods moving around the world with increasing efficiency and lower costs. ● The increased importance of innovation as ideas, and advances in technologies, strategies, and business models, spread more rapidly. The advantages of being ahead, and the dangers of failing to adjust to new conditions, have increased greatly. ● The recognition that increasing incomes, and the increasingly diverse pop- ulations in some countries, have provided new and often more segmented markets. Niche markets have emerged that provide additional opportuni-
ties for small companies and the need for larger companies to respond to the increasing diversity in demand. ● The expected resumption of lowering of governmental and other barriers to trade and investment as economies around the world recover. Some in- creases in such barriers have resulted from the current economic problems, but increased multilateral trade agreements are still being developed. ● The increased competition and increased opportunities for companies of all sizes, resulting from the greater mobility of goods, services, information, and ideas due to all of the changes noted above. Although many of these changes have created new problems that firms must address, they have opened new opportunities for businesses ranging from one-person operations to corporate giants. E-commerce has had a particularly strong impact in furthering the globalization of business, especially for smaller and medium-sized businesses. With a viable product or service, the smallest business can now find potential customers and means of distribution across the globe. The increased ease of entry has also resulted in new entrants creating increased competition in all marketplaces.
Preface xix New to the seventh edition The changes in the international marketing landscape discussed above are re- flected in both new material and in expanded coverage of topics previously emphasized. Several new cases have been added, and almost all of the previous cases updated. An important change is the addition of several interesting and insightful new cases. They cover success, challenges and problems of companies ranging in size from a profitable one-person exporter to well-known internationals operating worldwide. One particularly interesting case involves the unexpected shutdown in 2010 of a unique Japanese-US joint venture that had been operating very successfully for 26 years. Other new cases include BP, Royal Phillips Electronics, Toyota, India’s Tata Motors, Gloria Jean’s Coffees, Boeing Company, Kraft Foods, and the one-person company that is now successfully exporting its product to 21 countries. Cases carried over from the sixth edition have been updated to reflect changes in the economic, competitive, social, legal, and political environments. Aims and objectives
The basic aims and objectives of this seventh edition remain the same as those of the previous editions: 1. to provide a text in international marketing which will be as applicable and valuable for small and medium-sized enterprises as it is for large international corporations; 2. to provide an emphasis on exporting which is appropriate, given its position as the major international activity of most small and medium-size businesses and its extensive use by all global companies; and 3. to provide coverage of the non-export modes of market penetration used by both expanding smaller companies and corporate giants as a part of their overall international marketing strategy and channel management. These emphases are a reflection of both the international marketing environment and the authors’ view of exporting. In terms of the numbers of companies doing some type of international business, small and medium-sized companies are most prevalent. Most of these companies never diversify and grow to the size where being a multinational (or global) company is desirable or even feasible. The major activity of most small and medium- size companies is exporting. It is in this area that the transition from domestic
to international marketing usually occurs, and in which knowledge of international dimen- sions of marketing is of critical importance. For the increasing number of enterprises that do expand into other methods of market entry, exporting typically remains a major activity. Even the largest multinational firms with global operations are involved in extensive exporting. This book is focused primarily on the marketing decisions and management processes involved in developing export operations. The key procedural aspects and activities required in exporting, which the manager must know, are covered. Necessarily, a certain amount of descriptive material must be included. While xx Preface this is not a ‘how to’ treatment of technical details, it does provide the basic knowledge and references to facilitating organizations that can guide the potential exporter in determining what he or she needs to do to begin exporting. As in previous editions, the emphasis remains on exporting as a marketing activity. From a marketing perspective, the ideas underlying international market selection, information development, product development, and
strategy, pricing, and promotion are often the same whether the mode of entry is export or nonexport. Thus export marketing and international marketing as a whole con- verge from both an educational and an operational/practice perspective. As in previous editions, we approach the material from the perspective of the process by which a company – from any country – can creatively adapt to the international environments within which it can operate. To enhance the discussion of each topic, case studies are provided at the ends of each chapter. We have added a number of new cases to provide coverage of emerging areas of opportunity and concern, such as e-commerce, changing strategies for market entry and development, and social responsibility. Some of the cases from the previous edition have been retained, and updated where appropriate. Most of the cases have been written expressly for this book. The experiences of the companies covered in the cases illustrate issues covered in the text and provide a vehicle for (a) integrating material from throughout the book and (b) illus- trating key elements and concerns in making decisions. This edition of International Marketing and Export Management has been rewritten and updated to cover the events and changes that have occurred since
the fifth edition was published. Both increasing opportunities and challenges are addressed. While the exporting focus remains, more extensive material on other forms of entry and methods for evaluating market entry strategy is provided so that decisions can be made regarding economical and effective entry mode selection. As in previous editions, we continue to link the various topics to strategy. Target audience The seventh edition of International Marketing and Export Management is designed for anyone desiring to increase his or her knowledge of international and export marketing. It provides comprehensive coverage of the marketing mix, including all types of entry modes and channels. It also provides information on all aspects of the changing international marketing environment, making it particularly well suited for: ● undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in export management or international marketing; ● those enrolled in management education courses and other tertiary non- university programs that cover export management and/or international marketing; ● export/international marketing practitioners interested in
fresh insights in the rapidly changing field of international marketing; and ● individuals interested in beginning export or import ventures. Preface xxi Authors’ acknowledgements The authors wish to thank the many people who have encouraged, or assisted in, the preparation of this book. We are particularly gratefully to two people: Jesper Strandskov, who made outstanding contributions as co- author of the first five editions, and Juliet Dowd for making material available to us from the book Introduction to Export Management, written by Laurence Dowd and published by Eljay Press. We owe a great debt to the many scholars and business people whose articles, books, and other materials we have cited or quoted. Also, personal contacts with specialists in many of the subject areas have enhanced our knowledge. We wish to acknowledge the help we received from the following: J. Andrzej Lubowski J. H. Dethero Dico de Jon, ABN AMRO James Fitzgerald, President, EFI Logistics
Daniel Scanlan, Bank of America Steven Schafer, Fenestra Technologies Corporation In particular, we want to thank Gordon Miracle from Michigan State Univer- sity for making material available to us from work he did in the past with one of the authors of this book. We are also grateful to those who reviewed the fifth edition and previous editions of the book in part or in whole. We value their suggestions even though we were not able to incorporate all of them. There- fore, any deficiencies remaining are ours. Reviewers include: Michele Akoorie, University of Waikato Jeremy Baker, London University Guildhall University Geraldine Cohen, Brunel University Ofer Dekel, University of Derby David Demick, University of Ulster Nick Foster, Sheffield Hallam University Collin Gilligan, Sheffield City Polytechnic Raul de Gouva, University of New Mexico, Anderson School of Management E. P. Hibbert, Durham University Business School Valerie Isaac, University of Derby Jürgen Reichel, University of Stockholm Finally, the Publishing Team at Pearson Education, including Rachel Gear, Emma Violet and Tim Parker deserve our appreciation for their encouragement, support and most of all, patience while we prepared the manuscript. Gerald Albaum
Edwin Duerr Spring 2011 About the authors xxii Gerald Albaum is Research Professor at the Robert O. Anderson School of Management at the University of New Mexico. In addition, he is Professor Emeritus of Marketing at the University of Oregon and a Senior Research Fel- low at the IC2 Institute, University of Texas at Austin. He received his PhD in 1962 from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and his MBA (1958) and BA (1954) from the University of Washington. He is the author, or co-author, of 8 books, 9 monographs, and more than 90 articles in refereed journals, 40 papers in refereed conference proceedings, 20 papers in other publications, and 14 book and software reviews published in the Journal of Marketing Researc h. His writings deal with issues in research methods, international marketing activities, cross-cultural/national research, and retailing (especially direct selling). Many of his studies are cross- cultural/national in nature. Dr. Albaum has presented seminars for such Danish companies
as Danfoss, GfK Research, Novo Nordisk, and LEGO. He has also made presentations be- fore industry groups such as the Northern Jutland Export Council in Denmark and the Hong Kong Institute of Marketing. He has given seminars for the Hong Kong Housing Authority and for Air China … INBS 347-01 Spring Semester 2020 Export Plan Term Project Student Name________________________________________________ _ Country/ Product ______________________________________________ You will be writing an Export Plan (Select a Country and a Product); just a few sentences on what you are going to explore in your term project _____________________________________________________ ____________________
_____________________________________________________ ____________________ _____________________________________________________ ____________________ _____________________________________________________ ____________________ _____________________________________________________ ____________________ _____________________________________________________ ____________________ _____________________________________________________ ____________________ _____________________________________________________ ____________________ _____________________________________________________ ____________________ _____________________________________________________ ____________________ _____________________________________________________ ____________________ The Project Title must be submitted no later than 3/4/20 for approval.
Date Approved___________________________________________ N.B. Place yourself into the position of an Export Manager within a company. Prepare an Export Plan for a product brand being exported from the U.S. to another country. The purpose of this project is to use the information from chapters within the book to help you prepare an export plan. Each chapter in the book should provide insight into the issues one must consider as an exporter. Do not exclude (1) What channels of distribution you will use once in the country of choice; (2) How you will be paid; whether you will be just exporting or export marketing within the country and (3) Are you making any money? Supply a profit and loss and income statement on your export plan. This project is due on the last class of the semester (5/6/20)

Sample Outline for an Export Plan (Source www.export.gov).docx

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