1. THE INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
Tânia Fernandes

2. THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new
manufacturing processes in the period from about
1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.
The industrial revolutions started in England.
The industrial revolution replaced the manual work by
using machines.
The machines were created with the purpose of saving
time.

3. SOME EFFECTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
• Working and living conditions.
• Urbanization.
• Public Health and Life Expectancy.
• Child Labor.
• Working Class Families and the Role of Women.
• The Emerging Middle Class.
• Wealth and Income.
• Trade unions.

4. ADVANTAGES OF THE INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
• Centre of economic life shifted from the villages to cities.
• Men became free to develop their capabilities in areas
other than farming.
• Better transport, communications and mechanized goods
made life comfortable for man.

5. DISADVANTAGES OF THE INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
• Cities became crowded, smoky, with problems of slums,
housing, sanitation, accidents and epidemics.
• Women and child labour was badly exploited.
• The industrial revolution created wars of imperialism and
colonization.
• Workers suffered from long working hours, low wages,
unemployment and insecurity.
• Society became divided into rich and poor.

6. THE EXPLORATION OF CHILD AND FEMALE
LABOR AFTER THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
The feminine and child labor were one of the most striking
characteristics of the industrial revolution.
People thought that poor children should work because work
avoids the marginalization. Moreover child labor helped the
family income.
Children worked in factories and coal mines. Many children
died.
Between 1780 and 1840 child labor became more intense.

7. The living conditions of child laborers were bad. They
worked 18 hours a day.
The children's parents fought for the reduction of working
hours.
Nowadays there are laws that prohibit child labor, but there
are still many children who are exploited.

8. THE END