1. THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COOPERATIVE
LEARNING BY GIVING INITIAL KNOWLEDGE IN
COLLLOID SYSTEM
BY
SUSILO SUDARMAN
8126141017
DEPARTMENT CHEMISTRY
STATE UNIVERSITYOF MEDAN
2013
2.
3. PROBLEM OF THE STUDY
Based on the background above problems can
be identified the following issues :
1.Student learning outcomes in chemistry is still a
low
2.Initial knowledge of student is low
3.Student centered learning model is less optimal
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4. THE SCOPE OF THE
STUDY
As for the limitation problem in this research is
the implementation of cooperative learning by giving initial
knowledge in colloid System in class XI SMA NEGERI 3 BINJAI
academic year 2010/2011
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5. PROBLEM FORMULATION
In the study the formulation of the problem is
Does the implementation of cooperative learning
model by giving initial knowledge the subject of
colloid system better than the implementation of
cooperative learning model without
giving initial
knowledge ?
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6. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
1. To know student learning outcomes in
chemistry through cooperative learning by
giving initial knowledge in colloid system
2. To know the difference student learning
outcomes in chemistry through cooperative
learning by giving initial knowledge in colloid
system.
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7. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1. As an alternative learning model for teachers
to choose the model of learning chemistry
2. For student to be more critical in every
cooperative learning by initial knowledge
3. For information on cooperative material for
advanced
researchers
who
will
conduct
research in the same issue.
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8. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
1. Learning is an active process of knowledge
construction in which learners build on initial
knowledge
and experience to shape meaning and construct new
knowledge (Walker & Lambert, 1995).
2. The learning outcomes is a change in behavior that
happens to individuals as a result of his experience.
3. Initial knowledge is a collection of information
obtained from the knowledge and experience of
someone in his life and brings with linking of
information on a new learning experience to learn
certain things that are new to the aforementioned
person.
9. 4. Cooperative learning is an approach to teaching that
makes maximum use of cooperatives activities
involving pairs and small group of learners in the
classroom.
5. Colloid system is The compound between
homogeneous and heterogeneous solution.
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10. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Two major components in the learning of teachers and students
interact with each other. Therefore, strategies to teacher by giving initial
knowledge through cooperative model of the material that will be discussed in
a very important lesson. For those students already can imagine the content
will learned, so that it will stimulate interest and arouse curiosity in the students
themselves. Then the teacher also needs to do recitation form of duties related
has been given to material. The teacher evaluates of students in the form of
holding exam. It can be ascertained that these students will be able to answer
is good.
11. RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
NOL HYPOTHESIS (H0)
The student learning outcomes chemistry taught the
implementation of cooperative learning by giving initial
knowledge in colloid system no better or equal to the student
learning outcomes
µ1 = µ 2
ALTERNATIF HYPOTHESIS (Ha)
The student learning outcomes chemistry taught the
implementation of cooperative learning by giving
initial knowledge better than without by giving initial
knowledge in colloid system.
µ1 ≠ µ 2
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12. LOCATION AND TIME RESEARCH
Research Location
Location the study in SMAN 3 Binjai
Research Time
The experiment May – June 2011
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13. Population And Sample
Population Research
The population in this study are all class XI
SMA Negeri or SMA Swasta the 2nd
semester of the school year 2010/2011.
The Samples taken SMA Negeri 3 Binjai,
which consists of 2 classes and each class
consists of over 43 students
Research Sample
The sampling technique in this study
is the sampling purposif . In order to obtain
a homogeneous class only two students
from class XI SMA Negeri 3 Binjai in class
XI 1 as a control class, in class XI 2
experiments class.
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14. RESEARCH VARIABLES
The independent
variables
The giving initial knowledge on
cooperative
learning
in
the
experimental class (X1)
The Control
variables
Not given initial knowledge of
cooperative learning
Bound Variables
This experiment student learning
outcomes in colloid system.
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15. Research Instrument
Data collection tool was used to study the results of chemical
tests on sub-topics, in the form of multiple-choice test
consisting of 20 items with 5 options. One option is the
answer key while 4 other option is a distractor
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18. Data Collection Techniques
1. Conducting Observations
2. T est Method
Data Analysis Techniques
Normality Test
Homogeneity
Test
Hypothesis Test
19. Data Analysis and Findings
The Description of Data
a. The validity Test
Based on the calculation of validity test obtained of 25 valid
questions and 5 questions invalid from 30 questions test. So the
instrument test of learning outcomes is 20 valid question.
b. The Reliability Test
Based on the calculation of reliability test obtained r11 = 0,86, rtable
= 0.312, because rcalculated > rtable it is means the reliability test is reliable
c. The Difficulty Index
Based on the calculation Of difficulty index test obtained of 4
difficult questions, 22 medium questions and 4 easy questions
d. The Discrimination Index
Based on the calculation of discrimination index test obtained of
12 questions is good, 10 questions is enough and 8 question is bad
20. The Scores of Pre Test and Post Test Mean for Experiment Class
24. The Scores of Hypothesis Test
Based on the calculation of t-test (see appendix 21),
tcalculated 3,46 and ttable 2,57. It means that the tcalculated is higher
than ttable (tcal = 3,46 < ttable = 2,57). Therefore, it can be
concluded that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and
the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted.
It is mean that learning outcomes the implementation
of cooperative learning model by giving initial
knowledge better than without by giving initial
knowledge the subject of colloid systems.
25. Discussion
Based on the data analysis of the research instrument
initial to classes of samples obtained that the average
results of experiment class = 78.0 ± 6.64 and after
being given the implementation of cooperative learning
by giving initial knowledge = 87 ± 4.97.
While for control class the average results = 64.3 ± 8.78
and after being cooperative learning without by giving
initial knowledge 82 ± 6.18.
26. Based on the calculation the hypothesis test of the
obtained tcalculated > ttable = 3.465 > 2.571, so Ha is accepted, it is
means there are the difference of learning outcomes between
the implementation of cooperative learning by giving initial
knowledge with the implementation of cooperative learning
without by giving initial knowledge the subject of colloid
system
At the time of the implementation of cooperative
learning to work of together that involves students
complete the task. The experimental class of each
group in construct knowledge by linking the
information or initial knowledge that has been a new
learning experience to much learning for students. So
that students who already have initial knowledge will
make it easier to follow the next lesson.
27. There are some constraints that occur in carrying out
this research are:
a) a lack of time given by school to carry out research,
b) a class that is less conducive atmosphere when sitting
divide the group so much time,
c) The class room which is not comparable with the number
of number of students in the classroom, so that teaching and
learning process was not optimal as expected.
Through the implementation of cooperative learning by
giving initial knowledge in colloid system not only improves
the results of students studying chemistry, but to work together
and build a social sense to the students.
28. Conclusion
Based on the data analysis which are presented in
the previous chapter, the conclusions are drawn as the
following:
1. The finding shows that the implementation of
cooperative learning by giving initial knowledge is
higher that the implementation of cooperative learning
without by giving initial knowledge.
2. The finding shows that the value of giving initial
knowledge is 87 higher than without by giving initial
knowledge.
29. Suggestions
Having considered the finding of this research, the
suggestion is:
1. The Teachers should as apply of cooperative learning
by giving initial knowledge to students as one of
alternative teaching to teach Colloid Systems.
2. Next research is necessary for research relevant to
the different subjects that as concrete steps to
improve the quality of education, especially study of
chemistry
