The document discusses various defects that can occur in timber, including shakes which refer to splitting caused by rapid drying or poor felling. Other defects mentioned are dry rot, pith, juvenile wood, heart wood, sapwood, blue stain, insect attack, and shrinkage. The document is about identifying common timber defects and their remedial actions.

1. IN TIMBER
Written by
JOHN STAGG
DEFECTSDEFECTS

2. Defects in Timber
‘Defect’, in this case, means
anything that effects the structural
integrity or appearance of timber.
Remember…
There are as many potential defects
as there are uses for timber.
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3. By the end of this session you
should be able to:
Identify three defects effecting
timber
State the remedial action to be
taken in each of the three cases
Defects in Timber
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4. Things that attack timber
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5. Defects in timber
Timber is a natural material that is
prone to defects.
One of these is the tendency to split
if it is put under stress from rapid
drying, poor felling or de-lamination
of the growth rings.
These defects are all known as
‘Shakes’
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6. Shakes
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7. What other defects
occur in timber?
Dry rot
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8. What other defects
occur in timber?
pith
juvenile
heart
sap
Blue stain
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9. What other defects
occur in timber?
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Insect attack

10. What other defects
occur in timber?
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Shrinkage

11. Further considerations
What other defects may occur in
timber or timber structures?
What circumstance or working load
may, over time, cause timber or
timber structures to fail?
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12. Construction Department
Defects in TimberEnd
GO AGAIN END