SISTEMA ESQUELÉTICO
META
Passar os conhecimentos teóricos acerca do Sistema Esquelético e suas funções; tipo de ossos;
"$!#!1##4$!7
$#$!!*
viscerocrânio.
OBJETIVOS
7
#$$%!(
descrever a divisão do sistema
esquelético;
analisar as funções principais do sistema
esquelético;
7
!!
forma, dando exemplo de cada tipo;
#7
!#1$!*
analisar suas funções;
#7
!!*
descrever suas características estruturais.
PRÉ-REQUISITOS
Ter estudado e assimilado o conteúdo
da aula “Introdução à Anatomia: planos
de referência e termos anatômicos
descritivos”.
Aula
3
JOSÉ ADERVAL ARAGÃO
AJHIG6kjD9DAKGD:!JB6CDHEDGH67G869:C9G:6H
/:H6AJH9:GJM:A6HDCI:=IIE LLLJC86BE 7G

32
Elementos de Anatomia Humana
=;
(HHI:B6:HFJ:AlI8DlD8DC?JCID9:DHHDH:86GIA6:CHFJ:H:CI:G
A6BE6G6;DGB6GD6G867DJkD9D8DGED=JB6CD:9:H:BE:C=6GKhG6H
;JCkr:H H;JCkr:H9DHHI:B6:HFJ:AlI8DHjD
,:GKG9:HJEDGI:E6G66HE6GI:HBDA:H9D8DGED
)GDI:kjD9::HIGJIJG6HDJpGjDHKI6HHHI:B6C:GKDHD8:CIG6AEJABjD
8DG6kjD
,:GKG9:76H:B:8iC86E6G6BDKB:CIDH
GB6O:C6GBC:G6H:nDCH8hA8D;pH;DGDB6ClHD
)GD9JOG8lAJA6HH6CtnC:6H=:B6IDED:H:
(HDHHDHHjDE:k6H9JG6H:86A8z
8696HFJ:EDHHJ:BDG:B:HIGJIJG6
:;JCkjDH:B:A=6CI:H 'D6HE:8IDB68GDH8pE8DDHDHHDH6EG:H:CI6B9J6H
HJ7HIiC86HJB68DBE68I69:CH6:HpA96DJIG6:HEDC?DH6G:In8JADIG6
7:8JA6G8J?DH:HE6kDHHjDEG::C8=9DHEDGB:9JA6pHH:6:BFJ6CI969:
9;:G:CI:CJBB:HBDDHHD (DHHD8DBE68IDI:BEG:9DBCiC86C69hz
H:
9DHDHHDHADCDH:CKDAK:JB686K969:B:9JA6G8:CIG6A:8DCIlBB:9JA6
pHH:6:CFJ6CIDDDHHD:HEDC?DHDEG:9DBC6C6H:Enz
H:H9DHDHHDHADCDH
:8JGIDHH:C9DG:K:HI9DEDGz
C686B6969:DHHD8DBE68ID
DCI:=IIE LLLB9H:C I

33
Sistema esquelético
Aula
3
(EGD8:HHDE:ADFJ6ADDHHDH:;DGB6l9:CDBC69DDHHz
86kjD(:H
FJ:A:ID9D:B7GjD=JB6CDl8DB EDHID9:I:89D8DC?JCIKDz
7GDHDDJ86G
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9:K96:B7GDChG6:8DCICJ66DADCD96K9669JAI6 DHBlID9DH:HIjD
EG:H:CI:HC6;DGB6kjDpHH:6DHHz
86kjDCIG6B:B7G6CDH6FJ:H:G:;:G:f
;DGB6kjD9DDHHD9G:I6B:CI:DJ9:CIGD96HB:B7G6C6H9:I:89D8DC?JCIKD
z
7GDHD:6DHHz
86kjD:C9D8DC9G6AFJ:H:G:;:G:f;DGB6kjD9:DHHD9:CIGD9:
JBBDA9:9:86GIA6:BH:C9D6B6DG69DHDHHDH;DGB69DHC:HH:EGD8:HHD
(HDHHDHHjD8A6HHz
869DH9:68DG9DHJ6;DGB6:DBlIG86:BADCDH
8JGIDHEA6CDH
(HDHHDHADCDHHjD6FJ:A:H8J?D8DBEGB:CIDEG:9DBC6HD7G:6
A6GJG6::HE:HHJG6:;JC8DC6B8DBD6A6K6C86H M;mBJGsB:GD
(HHD6ADC69DFJ6C9D6EG:H:CI66H86G68I:GnHI86H9:JBDHHDADCD
B6HCjDEDHHJ86K969:B:9JA6G M8DHI:A6H
(HDHHDH8JGIDHHjD6FJ:A:H:BFJ:D8DBEGB:CIDA6GJG6::HE:H
HJG6HjD:FJK6A:CI:H8DHIJB6BCDGB6AB:CI:H:G8J7p9:HImBKhG6H
;68:H6GI8JA6G:H:HjD:C8DCIG69DH8DCz
C69DHCDH:HE6kDHDC9:D8DGG:
IG6CH;:GmC869:;DGk6 M8J7p9:IG6ElOD
(HDHHDHEA6CDHHjD6FJ:A:H8J?D8DBEGB:CID:A6GJG6EG:9DBC6
HD7G:6:HE:HHJG6H:GK:BE6G6CH:GkjDBJH8JA6GDJE6G6EGDI:kjD9:
pGjDH ME6G:I6A;GDCI6A
(JIGDHCjD8A6HHz
869DH9:68DG9D8DB6;DGB6:DBlIG86
(HDHHDHGG:JA6G:HCjD6EG:H:CI6B;DGB6:DBlIG869:z
C96 M
KlGI:7G6HB6MA6
(HHDHH:H6Bp9:HHjDDHHDHFJ:H:9:H:CKDAK:BCDHI:C9r:HDJ:CIG:
I:C9r:H:BG:HEDHI6fHI:CHr:HFJ::HH:HHjDHJ7B:I9DHC66GI8JA6kjD
ME6I:A6
(HHDHHJIJG6HHjDDHHDH:MIG6HFJ:H:CI:GEr:B:CIG:6HAC=6H9:
HJIJG69DHDHHDH9D8GiCD
(HHDHEC:JBhI8DHHjDDHHDHD8DH69?68:CI:Hf86K969:C6H6A:EDH
HJ:B6G M:H;:Cp9:B6MA6
A C
A
HHJE:G;n8:H9DHDHHDHEDHHJ:B86G68I:GnHI86H:HIGJIJG6HFJ:HjD
696EI696HE6G69K:GH6H;JCkr:H6E6G:8:BDC9:DHI:C9r:HA6B:CIDH
DJ;hH86H:HIjDCH:G9DHDJDC9:DHK6HDH:HIjD69?68:CI:HDJE:C:IG6B
C:A6H (JIG6H;DGB6kr:H:HIjDG:A68DC696HfE6HH6:B9DI:C9jDCDH:C
I9D9:9G:8DC6GDJB:A=DG6G6;DGk6B:8iC86DJE6G68DCIGDA6GDIED
9:BDKB:CIDFJ:D8DGG:C66GI8JA6kjD

34
Elementos de Anatomia Humana
(H9K:GHDHIEDH9:689:CI:HpHH:DHHjD
=D
qC9AD EGD:BCmC86G6C9::6GG:9DC9696E6G66GI8JA6G M8qC
9AD9DDHHDD88EI6A
67:k6 EGD?:kjD6JB:CI6969:JB6:MIG:B969:6GI8JA6G9DDHHD
6AlB9D8DAD M867:k69D;mBJG
68: HJE:G;n8:6GI8JA6GAH6:EA6C6 M;68:8DHI6A9:JB6KlGI:7G6
;
=D
)GD8:HHD EGD:BCmC86pHH:668:CIJ696 MEGD8:HHD:HEC=DHD96H
KlGI:7G6H
-J7lG8JAD E:FJ:C6EGD?:kjD6GG:9DC9696JBCp9JAD M-J7lG8JAD
9DBsH8JAD69JIDGB6CD
-J7:GDH969: G6C9:EGD8:HHD6GG:9DC969D:hHE:GD MIJ7:GDH
969:AsI:6
-GD86CI:G EGD?:kjDpHH:6G6C9::GDB76:C8DCIG6966E:C6HCD;mBJG
MIGD86CI:GB6DG:B:CDG9D;mBJG
HEC=6 EGD?:kjD6J96:z
C6H:B:A=6CI:6JB68sA:D M:HEC=6
HFJhI86
GHI6 B6G:BEGD:BC:CI: M8GHI6An6868GHI6;GDCI6A
E8qC9AD :BCmC86HJE:GDG6D8qC9AD M:E8qC9ADB:96A9D
;mBJG
D
DHH6 9:EG:HHjDDJ8DC86K969:FJ:H:GK:CDGB6AB:CI:E6G66GI8JA6G
M;DHH696B6C9n7JA6
pK:6 E:FJ:C69:EG:HHjDJB68DK6EA6C6:AH6FJ:H:GK:CDGB6A
B:CI:B6HE6G6z
M6GFJ:E6G66GI8JA6G M;pK:696867:k69D;mBJG
HHJG6 67:GIJG6:B;:C96:HIG:I6 Mz
HHJG6DG7I6AHJE:GDG
DG6B: 67:GIJG68G8JA6GEDGDC9:E6HH6DHK6HDHH6CtnC:DHC:GKDHD
JB7JG68D M;DG6B:?JJA6G
:6ID E6HH6:B9:;DGB6IJ7JA6GFJ:D8DGG:9:CIGD9:JBDHHD
MB:6ID68sHI8DCI:GCD
,:D 86K969:DJ:HE6kDD8D9:CIGD9:JBDHHD MH:D;GDCI6A
,JA8D DI:G6DJG6C=JG66ADC696E6G668DBD96GC:GKDK6HDDJ
I:C9jD MHJA8D9DH:DH6I6AHJE:GDG
(:HFJ:A:ID=JB6CD69JAIDI:B6EGDMB696B:CI: DHHDH6GJE6
9DH:B9J6HE6GI:HEGC8E6HD:HFJ:A:ID6M6A:D:HFJ:A:ID6E:C98JA6G

35
Sistema esquelético
Aula
3
(:HFJ:A:ID6M6Al;DGB69DE:ADHDHHDH96867:k6E:H8DkD:IGDC8D
67:k6
GiCDDHHDH
68: DHHDH
J9kjDDHHDH
):H8DkD
!p9: DHHD
/lGI:7G6H8:GK86HDHHDH
-GDC8D
HI:GCD DHHD
DHI:A6HDHHDH
/lGI:7G6H IDGh886HADB76G:HH68G6H:8D88n:6H
CFJ6CIDD:HFJ:A:ID6E:C98JA6Gl8DBEDHIDE:ADHDHHDH9DHB:B
7GDHHJE:GDG:HC;:GDG:H:E:ADH8nCJADHE:IDG6A:ElAK8D
:B7GDHHJE:GDG:H
G6kDHDHHDH
CI:7G6kDHDHHDH
jDHDHHDH
:B7GDHC;:GDG:H
DM6HDHHDH
):GC6HDHHDH
)lHDHHDH
nCJADE:IDG6ADHHDH
nCJADElAK8DDHHDH
(:HFJ:A:ID96867:k6DJ8:;hA8DG:EDJH6CDIDED968DAJC6K:GI:7G6A
:l8DBEDHID9:9J6HE6GI:HDC:JGD8GiCD:DKH8:GD8GiCD (C:JGD
8GiCD:C8:GG6:EGDI::D:C8l;6AD:DKH8:GD8GiCD8DCIlBDHpGjDH96
B6HI6kjDG:HEG6kjDEGD9JkjD96;6A6:9DHH:CI9DH
(C:JGD8GiCDl9K99D:B9J6HE6GI:H86AKhG6DJ67p76968G6C6C6
I:ID:76H:9D8GiCD6HHD6A=D 67p76968G6C6C68DBEDHI6EDGFJ6IGD
DHHDH;GDCI6AE6G:I6H:D88EI6A6GI8JA69DH:CIG:HE:A6HHJIJG6HH6I6A
CI:GE6G:I6HHIJ696C6AC=6B:96C6:CIG:DH9DHDHHDHE6G:I6H8DGDC6A
;GDCIDE6G:I6H9:9G:kjDIG6CHK:GH6A:CIG:DHDHHDH;GDCI6A:E6G:I6H
:A6B79p9:D88EIDE6G:I6H:CIG:DHE6G:I6H:DD88EI6A (EDCID9:
JCjD96HHJIJG6HH6I6A:8DGDC6Al9:CDBC69D7G:B6D96HHJIJG6H
A6B79p9::H6I6AA6B796DFJ:C6EGB:G6C;iC86:HH:HEDCIDHHjD
8=6B69DHG:HE:8IK6B:CI:;DCIn8JADH6CI:GDG:EDHI:GDG ?JCkjD9DHDH
HDH;GDCI6AE6G:I6A:I:BEDG6A8DB66H6B6DG9DDHHD:H;:Cp9:8DCHIIJ
JBEDCID8G6CDBlIG8D9:CDBC69DEIlGD8DGG:HEDC9:CDG:8lB C6H
89D6D;DCIn8JADiCI:GD A6I:G6ADJ:H;:CD96A:CDEDCIDDC9:8DCK:G:B
6HHJIJG6HA6B79p9:HE6G:IDB6HIp9:6:D88EIDB6HIp9:6l9:CDBC69D
6HIlGD:8DGG:HEDC9:6D;DCIn8JADEpHI:GD A6I:G6ADJB6HIp9:D

36
Elementos de Anatomia Humana
JG6 6ADI68G6C6C6 KHI6HJE:GDG%iBC6 '--+! IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9
)DGIDA:G:GIB:9
(6HHD6A=D9686K969:8G6C6C68DBEDHIDEDGH:HDHHDH;GDCI6A:I
Bp9::H;:Cp9:9DHI:BEDG6H:JBD88EI6Al9K99D:BIGmHE6GI:H
;DHH66CI:GDGBl96:EDHI:GDGE6G668DBD96GDHAD7DH;GDCI6AI:BEDG6A
9D8lG:7GD:D8:G:7:AD

37
Sistema esquelético
Aula
3
JG6 (HHDH9676H:9D8GiCD KHI6HJE:GDG%iBC6 '--+! IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9 )DGID
A:G:GIB:9
;DHH66CI:GDG9D8GiCDl;DGB696E:A6HAiBC6HDG7I6H9D;GDCI6A
E:A6AiBC68GKDH69D:IBp9:6H6HB:CDG:H:E6GI:6CI:GDG9D8DGED9D
:H;:Cp9: A6:HIhABI696EDHI:GDGB:CI:E:A6B6G:BEDHI:GDG96H6H6H
B:CDG:H9D:H;:Cp9::E:A6B6G:B6CI:GDG9DHJA8D9DFJ6HB6pEI8D
':HH6;DHH6:C8DCIG6BDHKhGDH689:CI:HpHH:DH
GHI6A:IBD96A:;GDCI6AE6G6z
M6kjD96;D8:9D8lG:7GD
DG6B:H8G7G;DGB:E6G6E6HH6:B9DHz
A:I:H9DC:GKDDA;6IpGD
;DHH6Bl969D8GiCDI:BD;DGB6ID9:7DG7DA:I6l;DGB696E:AD
8DGED:6H6HB6DG:H9D:H;:Cp9:E6GI:E:IGDH6::H86BDH69DI:BEDG6A
HIhABI696EDHI:GDGB:CI:E:A6HB6G:CHHJE:GDG:H96EDGkjDE:IGDH69D
I:BEDG6A:9DGHD968:A6IsG886A6I:G6AB:CI:E:A6H:H86B6H9DHI:BEDG6H
:6H6HB6DG:H9D:H;:Cp9: ':HH6;DHH6:C8DCIG6B H:

38
Elementos de Anatomia Humana
JG6 DG6B:H9676H:9D8GiCD KHI6HJE:GDG%iBC6 '--+! IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9 )DGID
A:G:GIB:9
6C6ApEI8DE6G6E6HH6:B9DC:GKDpEI8D:6GIlG6D;IhAB86
DHH6=EDz
HhG6DC9:6AD?66AiC9JA6=Epz
H:
,JA8D86GpI8DE6G66GIlG686GpI96CI:GC6
HHJG6DG7I6AHJE:GDGE6G6E6HH6:B9DHC:GKDHD8JADBDIDGE6G
IGD8A:6G/E6G679J8:CI:/E6G:G6BDD;IhAB8D9DIGmB:D/ E6G
DG6B:G:9DC9DE6G6DG6BDB6MA6G9DC:GKDIGmB:D/E6G
DG6B:DK6A9hE6HH6:B6DG6BDB6C97JA6G9DC:GKDIGmB:D/E6G
DG6B::HEC=DHDE6HH6DHK6HDHB:CnC:DHBl9DH
;DHH6EDHI:GDG9D8GiCDl6B6DG:B6HEGD;JC9696HIGmH;DHH6H
^;DGB696E:AD9DGHD96H:A6IsG8869D:H;:Cp9::E:A6HEDGkr:HE:IGD
H6H:B6HIp9:6H9DHI:BEDG6H6AD?6D8:G:7:ADEDCI::B:9JA6D7ADC6
C8DCIG6BDHC:HH6;DHH6

39
Sistema esquelético
Aula
3
DG6B:B6CD6IG6KlH9DFJ6AE6HH66B:9JA6:HEC=6AE6G6H:A6G
6DIGDC8D:C8:;hA8D6GIlG6HK:GI:7G6H:B:CnC:6H
6C6A9D=EDADHHDE6G6E6HH6:B9DC:GKD=EDADHHD1E6G9:
C:GKD8G6C6CD
DG6B:?JJA6G9hE6HH6:B69K:GHDHC:GKDH8G6C6CDH8DBDDC:GKD
K6D1E6GADHHD;6GnC:D1E6G:DC:GKD68:HHpGD1E6G6AlB
96HK:6H?JJA6G:HCI:GC6H
:6ID68sHI8DCI:GCDE6G6DHC:GKDH;686A/E6G:K:HIn7JAD8D
8A:6G/E6G
)GDIJ7:GiC86D88EI6ACI:GC6lDC9:D8DGG:68DC{
JmC869DHH:DH
K:CDHDH9D:C8l;6AD
,JA8DIG6CHK:GHD:HBp9:E6G6DHH:DHK:CDHDHIG6CHK:GHD:HBp9:
(HDHHDH9D8GiCDFJ:EGDI::B::C8:GG6BD8lG:7GDHjD;GDCI6A
E6G:I6HI:BEDG6HD88EI6A:H;:Cp9:::IBp9:
JG6 (HHD;GDCI6A KHI66CI:GDG,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9 +D9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C

40
Elementos de Anatomia Humana
(DHHD;GDCI6Az
JG6H : ;DGB66E6GI:iCI:GD C;:GDG9D8GiCD
DI:ID9686K969:DG7I6A:C6H6AEDHHJ:B9J6HEDGkr:HJB6K:GI86A6
:H86B6:DJIG6=DGODCI6A6AiBC6DG7I6A IlDHH:H6CDH9:969:D
DHHD;GDCI6Al9K99DCDEA6CDB:96CDE:A6HJIJG6B:IpE86DJ;GDCI6A
:G6G6B:CI:E:GHHI:CD69JAID C8DCIG6BDHDH689:CI:H
JG6 (HHD;GDCI6A KHI66CI:GDG,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9 +D9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
C8HJG6:IBD96ADC9:H::C86M6D:IBp9:CD8GiCD6GI8JA69D
,:D;GDCI6AFJ:H:8DBJC868DB6C6HD;6GC::6:8DBDJIGDHH:DH
96;68:8DBD8iB6G69:G:HHDCiC8696KDO
DHH6A68GB6A9:EG:HHjDAH6:G6H6E6G66AD?6G6AiC9JA6A68GB6A
C8HJG6DJ;DG6B:HJEG6 DG7I6AE6G6E6HH6:B9DHK6HDH:C:GKDH
HJEG6 DG7I6A
(HDHHDHE6G:I6Hz
JG6 ;DGB6BDI:ID:6HE6G:9:HA6I:G6H9D
8GiCDImBJB6;DGB6FJ69GAhI:G6:EDGI6CID9J6H;68:HFJ6IGDB6G:CH
:FJ6IGDiCJADH C8DCIG6BDHC6;68:A6I:G6A
HAC=6HI:BEDG6HE6G6z
M6kjD9DBsH8JADI:BEDG6AJBBsH8JAD
96B6HI6kjD
'6;68:B:96A

41
Sistema esquelético
Aula
3
JG6 (HHDE6G:I6A9G:ID KHI6:MI:GC6,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9 +D
9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
JG6 (HHDE6G:I6A9G:ID KHI6CI:GC6,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9 +D
9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
,JA8DHE6G6G6Bz
86kr:H9DHK6HDHB:CnC:DHBl9DH
DKlDA6HG6CJA6G:H9:M696HE:A6HG6CJA6kr:H6G68Cp9:6H
(HDHHDHI:BEDG6H;DGB6B6HE6G:9:HA6I:G6H:6HHD6A=D9686K969:
8G6C6C6 K9: H::BFJ6IGDEDGkr:H:H86BDH6E:IGDH6IBEiC86:
B6HIp9:6

42
Elementos de Anatomia Humana
EDGkjD:H86BDH6z
JG6 I:B6;DGB69:JB68DC8=68DB9J6H
;68:H:JB6B6G:B6EG:H:CI6DH689:CI:H
)GD8:HHDODBhI8DH6AmC86:B;DGB69::HEC=6FJ:H:6GI8JA68DB
DEGD8:HHDI:BEDG6A96B6MA6E6G6;DGB6GD6G8DODBhI8D
DHH696B6C9n7JA66GI8JA6 H:8DBD8qC9AD96B6C9n7JA6E6G6;DGB6G
66GI8JA6kjDI:BEDB6C97JA6G-
EDGkjDE:IGDH6I:BJB6;DGB69:JB6EGiB9:IG6CJA6G9:76H:
KDAI696A6I:G6AB:CI::hE8:B:96AB:CI: ^C:HH6EDGkjD9DDHHDI:BEDG6A
FJ::HIjD6AD?696H6H:HIGJIJG6H96DG:A=6Bl96B6GI:AD7DGC6::HIG7D
:CI:GC68p8A:6:K:HIn7JAD C8DCIG6BDHDH689:CI:Hz
JG6
JG6 (HHDI:BEDG6A9G:ID KHI6CI:GC6HHJG69: A6H:G,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6
!JB6C6 :9 +D9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
:6ID68sHI8DCI:GCDDC9:E:C:IG6DHC:GKDH;686A:K:HIn7JAD8D8A:6G
6C6A86GpI8DEDGDC9:E6HH666GIlG686GpI96CI:GC6A:K6C9DH6CJ:
E6G6D:C8l;6AD
DHH6?JJA6GFJ:6AD?6D7JA7D96K:6?JJA6GCI:GC6
)GD8:HHD:HIAp9:H6AmC866ADC696FJ:H:GK:E6G6CH:GkjD9DHBsH
8JADH:HIAD=p9::HIADADHHD:9DA6B:CID:HIADB6C97JA6G
DG6B::HIADB6HIp9:D9hE6HH6:B6DC:GKD;686A:66GIlG6:HI
ADB6HIp9:6
EDGkjDIBEiC86AiBC6:B;DGB69:DI:G6FJ:8DCHIIJ6E6GI:
iCI:GD C;:GDG9DB:6ID68sHI8D:MI:GCD
EDGkjDB6HIp9:6z
JG6 EGD?:kjD6GG:9DC96966IGhH9DB:6ID
68sHI8D:MI:GCDDC9::C8DCIG6BDH
(HJA8DDJC8HJG6B6HIp9:DE6G6z
M6kjD9DK:CIG:EDHI:GDG9D
BsH8JAD9hHIG8D
DG6B:B6HIp9:DE6G69G:C6:BK:CDH6698DC6A9686K969:9D8GiCD

43
Sistema esquelético
Aula
3
JG6 (HHDI:BEDG6A9G:ID KHI6CI:GC6,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9
+D9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
(DHHDD88EI6A;DGB66E6G:9:EDHI:GDG:6B6DGE6GI:9676H:9D
8GiCD HIh9K99D:BFJ6IGDE6GI:H:H86B6EDGkjD76HA6G:EDGkr:H
A6I:G6H :H86B6HIJ696EDHI:GDGB:CI:6D;DG6B:B6CD6EG:H:CI6C6
;68::MI:GC6z
JG6
%C=6HCJ86HHJE:GDGBl96:C;:GDGE6G6z
M6kjD9DHBsH8JADH
D88EI6A:HI:GCD8A:9DB6HIp9:D:HEAmCDD7AnFJDH:G:IDH96867:k6
JG6 (HHDI:BEDG6A9G:ID KHIDEDG76MDHHJG69: A6H:G,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6
!JB6C6 :9 +D9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C

44
Elementos de Anatomia Humana
JG6 (HHDD88EI6A KHI6:MI:GC6EDG76MD ,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9 +D9:#6C:GD
J6C676G6$DD6C
'6;68:CI:GC6z
JG6
)GDIJ7:GiC86D88EI6ACI:GC6DC9:D8DGG:68DC{
JmC869DHH:DH
K:CDHDH9D:C8l;6AD
,JA8D9DH:DH6I6AHJE:GDGFJ:6AD?66EDGkjDEDHI:GDG9DB:HBDH:D
,JA8DHIG6CHK:GHDH6AD?6BDHH:DHIG6CHK:GHDH:HJ6HB6G:CHz
M6B
6I:C969D8:G:7:AD
EDGkjD76HA6G:HIhHIJ69696CI:9D;DG6B:B6CDJC96EDG86G
IA6:B6DDHHD:H;:Cp9:CD8GiCD?DK:B:HI6DHHz
86CDGB6AB:CI:6DH
KCI::8C8D6CDH;DGB6C9DJBDHHD8DCInCJD8DBD:H;:Cp9: C8DC
IG6BDHC:HI6EDGkjD
,JA8D76HA6GA6GD:G6HDE6G66B:9JA6D7ADC6
-J7lG8JAD;6GnC:DE6G6CH:GkjD96G6;:z
7GDH696;6GC:
'6HHJ6HEDGkr:HA6I:G6H:C8DCIG6BDH
qC9ADH9DD88EI6AE6G66GI8JA6G8DB6EGB:G6KlGI:7G68:GK86A:
;DGB6G66GI8JA6kjD6IA6CID88EI6A
6C6A9D=EDADHHDFJ:9hH6n966DC:GKD=EDADHHD1E6G:
:CIG6969:JBG6BDB:CnC:D966GIlG6;6GnC:66H8:C9:CI:

45
Sistema esquelético
Aula
3
JG6 (HHDD88EI6A KHI6CI:GC66CI:GDG :H86B6D88EI6A KHI696HJE:G;n8:AB
I6CI:E6G66HC8DC9GDH::H;:7D D88EI6A,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9 +D9:
#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
(DHHD:H;:Cp9:z
JG6 9:CDBC69D9:E:9G6;JC96B:CI6A9D
6HHD6A=D8G6C6CD6GI8JA6 H:8DBID9DHDHDHHDH8G6C6CDH EG:H:CI6JB
8DGED9J6H6H6HB6DG:H9J6H6H6HB:CDG:H:DHEGD8:HHDHEI:Gp9:H
(8DGED9:;DGB68s786lD8D:8DCIlB
(H:D:H;:CD96AFJ:9G:C6E6G66H;DHH6HC6H6H
;DHH6=EDz
HhG6DC9:H:6AD?66AiC9JA6=Epz
H:
H6H6HB:CDG:HAiBC6HIG6CJA6G:HFJ:I:GBC6B:BEDCI66J96
:8DCIlB
6C6ApEI8D:BHJ676H:FJ:9hE6HH6:B6DC:GKDpEI8D:6GIlG6
D;IhAB86
H6HB6DG:HFJ:;DGB6BE6GI:96;DHH6Bl969D8GiCD:C6AC=6
9:6EGDMB6kjD8DBD8DGED6EG:H:CI6IGmHDG;n8DHFJ:HjD
DG6B:G:9DC9DDC9:E6HH6DC:GKDB6MA6G
DG6B:DK6ADC9:E6HH6DC:GKDB6C97JA6G
DG6B::HEC=DHDFJ:H:GK:9:IGiCHIDE6G666GIlG6B:CnC:6Bl96
(HEGD8:HHDHEI:Gp9:H9:9G:kjDC;:GDG8DCIG7J:BE6G66;DG
B6kjD96HE6G:9:HA6I:G6H9686K969:C6H6A:z
M6kjDBJH8JA6G

46
Elementos de Anatomia Humana
JG6 (HHD:H;:CD9: KHIDEDGIGhH /HjD96HJE:G;n8:ABI6CI:E6G66HC8DC9GDH::H;:7D
D88EI6A,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9 +D9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
(DHHD:IBp9:z
JG6 AD86AO69DC6E6GI:6CI:GDG9D6HHD6A=D9D
8GiCD:CIG:6H86K969:HDG7I6H:;DGB6DI:ID9686K969:C6H6A8DCHHI:
9:FJ6IGDE6GI:HJB6=DGODCI6A6AiBC68G7G;DGB:DC9::C8DCIG6BDHDH
;DG6B:H8G7G;DGB:HE6G6E6HH6:B96HG6nO:H9DC:GKDDA;6IpGDJB6AiBC6
E:GE:C98JA6G;DGB6C9D6E6GI:pHH:6HJE:GDG9DH:EIDC6H6A:9K9:686K969:
C6H6A:B9J6H8iB6G6H9J6HB6HH6HA6I:G6HDA67GCIDHJ6;68:A6I:G6A:CIG6
C68DCHIIJkjD96E6G:9:B:96A96pG7I6C6;68:B:96A:HIjD9J6HAiBC6H
:HEG6A696H6H8DC8=6HC6H6HHJE:GDG:Bl96 CIG:8696JB69:HI6H8DC8=6H
:C8DCIG6BDHIGmHB:6IDHHJE:GDG:Bl9DDC9:9G:C6BDHH:DHE6G6C6H6H
;GDCI6A:IBD96A:H;:Cp9::B6MA6:C;:GDGDC9:9G:C6D9J8IDC6HDA68GB6A
JG6 (HHD:IBp9: KHIDEDG8B6 %iBC6E6EGh8:6,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6
!JB6C6 :9 +D9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C

47
Sistema esquelético
Aula
3
(KH8:GD8GiCDHIJ69DiCI:GD C;:GDG6DC:JGD8GiCDC:A::HIjD
HIJ69DHDHpGjDH9DHHI:B6H:CHDG6AKHjDDA;6kjDDHID:DCn8D9DH
HHI:B6H9:HIpGD7D86:;6GC::G:HEG6IpGD;DHH6HC6H6H (HDHHDH
96;68:HjD:BCsB:GD9: DB:M8:kjD96B6C9n7JA6:9DKqB:G
ID9DHDHDJIGDHDHHDH96;68:HjDE6G:H
B6C9n7JA6z
JG6H::B;DGB69:;:GG69JG6lDsC8DDHHD
BpK:A96867:k6DB6H;DGI:96;68::HIh6GI8JA69D6D8GiCDE:A66G
I8JA6kjDImBEDGDB6C97JA6G )DHHJJB6EDGkjD=DGODCI6AD8DGED:
9J6HEDGkr:HK:GI86HDHG6BDHFJ:H:JC:B6D8DGED:BiCJADG:ID
'DHG6BDH:C8DCIG6BDH
'6B6G:BHJE:GDG
JG6 6C9n7JA6 KHI6A6I:G6A,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9 +D9:#6C:GD
J6C676G6$DD6C

48
Elementos de Anatomia Humana
JG6 6C9n7JA6 B:I69:9G:I6:BKHI6B:96A,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6
:9 +D9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
)GD8:HHD8DC9A6GFJ:8DCHHI:9:9J6HEDGkr:HD8qC9AD6GI8JA6G:D8DAD
)GD8:HHD8DGDCp9:z
CD:IG6CJA6GE6G6CH:GkjD9DBsH8JADI:BEDG6A
'6;68:A6I:G6A
-J7:GDH969:B6HH:IlG86E6G6CH:GkjD9DBsH8JADB6HH:I:G
'6;68:B:96A
DG6B:96B6C9n7JA6E6G6:CIG6969DHK6HDH:C:GKDH6AK:DA6G:HC;:GDG:H
%nCJA696B6C9n7JA6E6G6CH:GkjD9DA6B:CID:H;:CDB6C97JA6G
,JA8DBAD =p9:DE6G66AD?6GDHK6HDH:C:GKDHBAD =p9:DH
-J7:GDH969:EI:Gp9:6E6G6z
M6kjD9DBsH8JADEI:Gp9:B:96A
'D8DGED:C8DCIG6BDH
68:K:CIG6A
DHH6C8HK6E6G6DHBsH8JADHB:CIDC6CDH
DG6B:B:CIDC6CDE6G6E6HH6:B9DHK6HDH:C:GKDHB:CIDC6CDH
%C=6D7AnFJ6FJ:H:8DCICJ68DB6B6G:B6CI:GDG9DG6BD:z
M6
DHBsH8JADH9:EG:HHDG9DiCJAD967D86:Ah7DC;:GDG
68:9DGH6A
HEC=6HB:IDC6C6HE6G6z
M6kjD9DHBsH8JADH:CDADHHD:mCD =p9:D
DHH69hHIG869:EG:HHjDDK6AE6G6z
M6kjD9DK:CIG:6CI:GDG9D
BsH8JAD9hHIG8D
%C=6BAD =p9:6E6G6DBsH8JADBAD =p9:D
DHH6HJ7ACJ6A:HJ7B6C97JA6GE6G66AD?6G6HAiC9JA6HHJ7ACJ6A
:HJ7B6C97JA6GG:HE:8IK6B:CI:
B6MA6z
JG6H:8DA67DG6C6;DGB6kjD9:FJ6IGD86K969:H
DG6AC6H6ADG7I6A:9DH:DB6MA6G )DHHJJB8DGED:FJ6IGDEGD8:HHDH
ODBhI8D;GDCI6A6AK:DA6G:E6A6ICD (8DGED9:;DGB6EG6B96A8DC
IlBDH:DB6MA6G:EDHHJ
'6;68:K:CIG6A

49
Sistema esquelético
Aula
3
JG6 6MA69G:I6 KHI6A6I:G6A,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6 :9 +D9:
#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
JG6 6MA69G:I6 (HHDE6A6ICDKHI6B:96A,((-#IA6H9:C6IDB6!JB6C6
:9 +D9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
DHH6C8HK6E6G6z
M6kjD9DBsH8JAD9:EG:HHDG9DH:EIDC6H6A
DHH686CC6B6DG:B6HEGD;JC96z
M6DBsH8JAD:A:K69DG9DiC
JAD967D86
DG6B:C;G6 DG7I6AE6G666GIlG6:C:GKDHC;G6DG7I6H
'6;68:C;G6I:BEDG6A
-J7:GDH969:96B6MA6EGD:BC:CI:6EpHGGJEkjD9DH9:CI:HHHDH
'6;68:DG7I6A

50
Elementos de Anatomia Humana
,JA8DC;G6 DG7I6AE6G6E6HH6:B9DHC:GKDH:K6HDHC;G6 DG7I6A
'6;68:C6H6A
6C6AC6HDA68GB6AE6G6E6HH6:B9D9J8IDC6HDA68GB6A
(HEGD8:HHDHHjD
)GD8:HHDODBhI8D:BCmC86IG6CJA6GHIJ696CDiCJAD9:H:E6
G6kjD96H;68:HK:CIG6AC;G6I:BEDG6A:DG7I6A
)GD8:HHD;GDCI6AAiBC6FJ:;DGB66E6G:9:A6I:G6A9DC6GO
)GD8:HHD6AK:DA6G:H86K6kjDEGD;JC96E6G6G:8:EkjD9DH9:CI:H
)GD8:HHDE6A6ICD;DGB6E6GI:9D6HHD6A=D9686K969:C6H6A:DI:ID967D86
(HDHHDHE6A6ICDH:B;DGB69:w%x:CIG6BC68DCHIIJkjD9686K
969:C6H6A96pG7I6:9DE6A6ID9JGD8DBDI6B7lB96H;DHH6HEI:GD
E6A6IC6EI:Gp9:6:C;G6I:BEDG6A:E6GI8E696z
HHJG6C;G6 DG7I6A
)DHHJ:BDH;DG6B:HE6A6ICDB6DG:B:CDGE6G6E6HH6:B9DHK6HDH:
C:GKDHE6A6ICDB6DG:B:CDGG:HE:8IK6B:CI:
(HDHHDHODBhI8DH;DGB6BDH8DCIDGCDHA6I:G6H96;68:E6GI:9D
6HHD6A=D96pG7I6:6H;DHH6HI:BEDG6H:C;G6I:BEDG6H EG:H:CI6IGmH
;68:HA6I:G6ADG7I6A:I:BEDG6A:IGmHEGD8:HHDHDEGD8:HHD;GDCI6AFJ:
6GI8JA6 H:8DBDEGD8:HHDODBhI8D9DDHHD;GDCI6ADEGD8:HHDB6MA6G
E6G66GI8JA6G8DB6B6MA6:DEGD8:HHDI:BEDG6AFJ:6GI8JA6 H:8DBD
EGD8:HHDODBhI8D9DI:BEDG6A C8DCIG6BDHD;DG6B:ODBhI8D;686A
E6G6E6HH6:B9DHK6HDH:C:GKDHODBhI8DH
(HDHHDHC6H6HJC:B H:C6AC=6B:96C6E6G6;DGB6GD9DGHD9D
C6GO GI8JA6 H:8DBFJ6IGDDHHDH9DH9D8GiCD:IBp9::;GDCI6A:
9DH96;68:DC6H6ADEDHID:6B6MA6 ,J6;68:B:96Al6IG6K:HH696EDG
JBHJA8DFJ:9hE6HH6:B6JBG6BD9DC:GKDC6HD8A6G
(HDHHDHA68GB6HHjDDHB:CDG:H:B6H;Gh:H9DHDHHDH96;68:
696JB6EG:H:CI6JBHJA8DA68GB6AFJ:H:JC:8DBDEGD8:HHD;GDCI6A
96B6MA6E6G6;DGB6G6;DHH6A68GB6A HI6C6HJ6E6GI:HJE:GDG6AD?6D
H68DA68GB6A:C6C;:GDGD9J8IDC6HDA68GB6A
H8DC8=6HC6H6HC;:GDG:HH:EGD?:I6B=DGODCI6AB:CI::B:96A
B:CI:96HE6G:9:HA6I:G6H9686K969:C6H6A:CGDA696HHD7G:HB:HB6H
8DBDJBGDAD9:E:G6BC=DH:E6G6C9DDHB:6IDHBl9D:C;:GDG
(DHHDKqB:Gz
CDEA6CD:B:96CD;DGB68DB6AiBC6E:GE:C98J
A6G9D:IBp9:6E6GI:pHH:69DH:EIDC6H6A GI8JA6 H:8DB:H;:Cp9:
:IBp9:B6MA6:E6A6ICD

51
Sistema esquelético
Aula
3
;
(HDHHDH9DHHI:B6:HFJ:AlI8DG:6AO6B;JCkr:HB: 8iC86H9:HJH
I:CI6kjDEGDI:kjD:HjD76H:HB:8iC 86HE6G6BDKB:CIDHEGD9JkjD9:
8lAJA6HH6CtnC:6H:6GB6O:C6B:CID9:BC:G6H
HIGJIJG69DDHHDDCI:=IIE 8JGANGA CD H6ED EI
(HHI:B6:HFJ:AlI8DlD8DC?JCID9:DHHDH:86GIA6:CHFJ:H:CI:GA6B
E6G6;DGB6GD6G867DJkD9D8DGED=JB6CD:9:H:BE:C=6GKhG6H;JCkr:H(HDH
HDH6EG:H:CI6B9J6HHJ7HIiC86HJB68DBE68I69:CH6:HpA96:DJIG6:HEDC?DH6
8J?DH:HE6kDHHjDEG::C8=9DHEDGB:9JA6pHH:6:BFJ6CI969:9;:G:CI:CJB
B:HBDDHHDHI:HHjD8A6HHz
869DH9:68DG9D8DBHJ6;DGB6:DBlIG86:B
ADCDH8JGIDH:EA6CDH,J6HHJE:G;n8:HEDHHJ:B86G68I:GnHI86H:HIGJIJG6HFJ:
HjD696EI696HE6G69K:GH6H;JCkr:H:6E6G:8:BDC9:DHI:C9r:HA6B:CIDHDJ
;hH86H:HIjDCH:G9DHDJ6C96DC9:DHK6HDH:HIjD69?68:CI:HDJE:C:IG6BC:A6H
(:HFJ:A:ID=JB6CD69JAIDI:B6EGDMB696B:CI: DHHDH6GJE69DH
:B9J6HE6GI:HEGC8E6HD:HFJ:A:ID6M6A DHHDH:D:HFJ:A:ID6E:C98JA6G
DHHDH (:HFJ:A:ID6M6Al;DGB69DE:ADHDHHDH96867:k6E:H8DkD:
IGDC8DCFJ6CIDD:HFJ:A:ID6E:C98JA6Gl8DBEDHIDE:ADHDHHDH9DHB:B
7GDHHJE:GDG:HC;:GDG:H:E:ADH8nCJADHE:IDG6A:ElAK8D(:HFJ:A:ID96
867:k6DJ8:;hA8DG:EDJH6CDIDED968DAJC6K:GI:7G6A:l8DBEDHID9:9J6H
E6GI:HDC:JGD8GiCD:DKH8:GD8GiCD (C:JGD8GiCD:C8:GG6:EGDI::D
:C8l;6AD:EDHHJDHHDHDKH8:GD8GiCD8DCIlBDHpGjDH96B6HI6kjD
G:HEG6kjDEGD9JkjD96;6A6:9DHH:CI9DH:EDHHJ DHHDH

52
Elementos de Anatomia Humana
6k6JB6G:A6kjD96H;JCkr:H9DHHI:B6:HFJ:AlI8D
:z
C68696JB9DHH:JCI:HEDCIDH9:G:E6GD9DHDHHDH8qC9AD
EGD8:HHD;DHH6:;pK:6
:I:GBC:FJ6HDHHDH9D8GiCD:96;68:HjDE6G:H:FJ6HHjDBE6G:H
:H8G:K6DFJ:E6HH6CDH689:CI:H6C6IqB8DH;DG6B:B6CD;DG6B:
DK6A:z
HHJG6DG7I6AHJE:GDG
@
iC:AD# 6IIC + 1,*( '2* + 0(01K*( $0$*$+1 /
- / ,$012# +1$#$$#((+ :9 ,jD)6JADI=:C:J
D% # / 1 #,#$ + 1,*( 0(01K*( -)( # :9 ,jD
)6JADI=:C:J
DHH / 5 + 1,*( :9 +D9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
DDG:$ % 6AA:N + 1,*( ,/($+1 # - / )L+( :9 +D
9:#6C:GD J6C676G6$DD6C
'--+! 1) 0#$ + 1,*( 2* + :9 )DGIDA:G:GI
B:9
,((-# 1) 0#$ + 1,*( 2* + :9 +D9:#6C:GD J6
C676G6$DD6C
,E:C8: ) + 1,*( '2* + !H0( :9 ,jD)6JAD6CDA:
-DGIDG6 # ,/-,'2* +,;JC96B:CIDH9:6C6IDB6:z
HDAD6 :9
)DGIDA:G:GI:Hl986H
/6C9: G66;;$ + 1,*( '2* + ,jD)6JAD6CDA:
3:BAC0+ /(+L-(,0#$ + 1,*( $S
0(,),( $*,+, 2#(,),(
:9 )DGIDA:G:GI:Hl986H,JA