biochemistry of Urinalysis Mention the physical and biochemical characteristics of urine Mention the diagnostic significance of urine analysis.

1. 10 – 15 min 15 Slides Nov 19, 2018“Urinalysis”
Analysis
Objective

2. What’s the coronary circulation?
Analysis
10 – 15 min 15 Slides Nov 19, 2018
Objective
Mention the physical and biochemical
characteristics of urine
Mention the diagnostic significance of urine analysis.

3. Number of tests to detect and measure various
compounds that pass through the urine.
Definition

4. Definition

5. VolumeNormally: 800-2000 ml/day
Physical

6. Oliguria:
Physiological: Low fluid intake & low protein diet.
Pathological: Inflammatory kidney diseases, heart failure,
severe edema, vomiting & diarrhea.
Physical

7. Polyuria:
Physiological: High fluid intake & high protein diet.
Pathological: Diabetes mellitus & in Diabetes insipidus.
Physical

8. OdorNormally: Aromatic odor.
Physical

9. Abnormal Odor:
Fruity odor → Ketoacidosis due to acetone.
Foul smell → Bacterial infection.
Physical

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pHNormally: 5.5-6.5 pH.
Physical

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Acidic urine:
- High protein diet - Metabolic & respiratory acidosis
- Dehydration & diarrhea - Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Starvation
Physical

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Alkaline urine:
- Vegetable diet - Respiratory and metabolic alkalosis
- Renal tubular acidosis - Potassium depletion
- Vomiting
Physical

13. AppearanceNormally: Urine is clear.
Physical

14. Turbid urine:
Due to Crystals, WBC, RBC or bacteria.
Physical

15. Specific GravityNormally: 1.012 to 1.024.
Physical

16. Low specific gravity:
- Polyuria (except diabetes mellitus).
- High fluid intake.
- Diabetes insipidus.
- Hypothermia.
Physical

17. High specific gravity:
- Restricted water intake (dehydration).
- Presence of glucose in urine (Diabetes mellitus).
- Presence of protein in urine (Proteinuria).
- Adrenal insufficiency.
Physical

18. ColorNormally: Yellow.
Physical

19. Abnormal color:
Due to Food, dye, drug, disease, infection, poisoning, genetic,
blood, jaundice.
Physical

20. Constituents of urine
Biochemical

21. Normal Abnormal
Biochemical

22. Abn
Organic constituents
Inorganic constituents
Biochemical

23. Abn
Inorganic constituents
Non Protein
Nitrogenous constituents
Non-nitrogenous
organic constituents
Urea Uric acid
Ammonia Creatinine
Creatine Amino acids
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Organic acids
Biochemical

24. AbnInorganic constituents
Chlorides Phosphates Carbonates Sulfates
Biochemical

25. Abnormales
Protein Glucose Blood Ketone Bodies Bile
Biochemical

26. Normal constituents of urine :
Organic constituents
Non Protein Nitrogenous constituents
Non-nitrogenous organic constituents
Inorganic constituents
Summary

27. Sources
Advisor >
Dr. M. Jawed.
Websites >Lippincott’s 5th > QuMed >
• Lab Urinalysis. SlideShare