1. To Explore Film Consumption
To explore audiences experiences of film and
how they have
changed over time

2. What issues face exhibitors and
how are they responding?

3. What is Consumption?
What is Exhibition?
How do you consume film?

4. • Cinema exhibitors operate cinema sites
– single screen and owner-managed
sites as well as the largest circuit and
multiplex operators

5. Multiplex – 5 screens or more
Multiscreen – Up to 4 screens
Local/ art house – Single/ Two screens
What kinds of film do they offer?
Look one up of each kind and list what they
are showing.....

6. • At the end of 2008 there were 772 sites
comprising 3661 screens – or 865,599
cinema seats in the UK.
• Over 72 per cent of screens now in
multiplexes
• Over 60 per cent of screens owned by
top three companies

7. annual admissions / m
100
150
200
250
50
0
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008

8. How has the culture of viewing film
changed over time?
1900s- USA Nickelodeons are popular which seat
approx 50-300 people with wooden chairs and films
projected on the wall.
1910-1912- The first purpose built
cinemas in the UK seating 300-500
people are built
1920s- Cinema becomes a very middle class experience
and like an evening out with grand purpose built cinema
which seat 3,000-4,000 people.
1950s-Smaller cinemas become common and
cinema going becomes more working class and
a part of youth culture.
1960-The rise of the multiplex, inexpensive popular
past time

9. How has the culture of viewing film
changed over time?
1970s late Decline is cinema attendance, closure of
lots of cinemas lots left with only one screen and one
film a week.
1980s- Massive decline in cinema
attendance
The 1990s were notable in both the rise of independent
cinema -- as well as independent studios such as
Miramax, Lion's Gate, and New Line -- and the advancements
in CGI-technology, seen in such films as Forrest
Gump, Twister, and the 1997 re-release of the Star Wars
Trilogy.
The home-video market became a major factor in total
revenue for a film, often doubling the total income for a film.
2000? What are the challenges facing the industry
today?

10. • The cinema exhibitor enters into an
agreement with the film distributor to
show their film
• Typically the agreement is for a week at a
time - negotiable
• Typically the agreement is for a share of
box office (ticket income) - negotiable

11. • Screen advertising
• Concessions – food and drink
• Other income streams

12. What does Cinema have to compete
with in the modern age?

13. Q- How do you consume film?
Film consumption can now be broken down
broadly into:
Cinema
Multiplex’s
Home Cinema
Arthouse Cinemas DVD/Blue Ray, HD
Clubs/pubs-projectors TV
Imax Sky Digital/cable
New Technology Pay per view
Internet/Downloading On Demand
Mobile Phones
Ipods
Games Consoles

14. What are the Pros and Cons for each
experience?

15. How have new technologies affected the
film? Are these effects positive or
negative?
Production CGI and Special Effects
Growth of affordable digital Positive or
technology to increase film making negative?
opportunities
Consumption
Increase of technology Blu-
Ray, Home Cinema, DVD, PVRs
Positive or
Convergence of products to watch negative?
them on
Piracy

16. What are the key issues facing UK cinema?
 quality and diversity of product
 other leisure choices
 demographics
 technology – digitisation
 piracy

17. How can cinemas offer new experiences?
Read: Cinema audiences soar with British Admissions...
A possible exam question:
To what extent has new technology had an
effect on cinema ratings?

18. Homework: Due during revision
session if you want it marked
before exam!! (2nd June)
Case Study – this is revision!!
Researching the production cycle
of a film....