11. African agriculture African agricultures have for long been western-oriented. Thus, focusing on cocoa, coffee, banana, orange, yams, pineapples, and many non-native fruits (non native as in Asia, Europe, America, Australia) etc.
12. African woods African exotic woods have been exploited for centuries. Especially Ebene and many hardwoods. Both Congos are nowadays large wood exporters.
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14. African oil African oil take growing importance, mainly after the 2003 oil crisis and recent oil reserves discoveries. Sudan, and Nigeria are the main oil producers. China owns 45% of Nigeria's oil production, and 40% of Sudanese ones. Oil is both provided by continental and offshore productions.
15. Fresh water Africa owns lot of lakes and rivers, allowing in some small fishing industry.
16. Ocean Atlantic and Indian allow some further production, from fishing, to mining and offshore oil productions.
19. * African literature consists of a body of work in different languages and various genres, ranging from oral literature to literature written in colonial languages (French, Portuguese, and English).