Environment Natural Environment Why we need Environment? Types of Environment Components of Environment Types of Components of Environment Factors responsible for change in Environment Effect of insecticides on environment Effect of fungicides on environment Effect of herbicides on environment The Earth Is Getting Warmer Sea Levels Are Rising The Ocean Is Acidifying What is Environmental Management? Characteristics of Environmental Management Significance of Environmental Management General Scheme for Environmental Management Approaches of environmental management Elements of EMS Workflow of EMS ISO 140001 Components of ISO 140001

1. ENVIRONMENT

2. PRESENTED BY:
MUHAMMAD SOHAIL RIAZ
PRESENTED TO:
MISS HIRA FATIMA

3. TABLE OF CONTENTS
• Environment
• Natural Environment
• Why we need Environment?
• Types of Environment
• Components of Environment
• Types of Components of
Environment
• Factors responsible for change in
Environment
• Effect of insecticides on
environment
• Effect of fungicides on
environment
• Effect of herbicides on
environment
• The Earth Is Getting Warmer
• Sea Levels Are Rising
• The Ocean Is Acidifying

4. CONT…….
• What is Environmental Management?
• Characteristics of Environmental Management
• Significance of Environmental Management
• General Scheme for Environmental Management
• Approaches of environmental management
• Elements of EMS
• Workflow of EMS
• ISO 140001
• Components of ISO 140001

5. WHAT IS ENVIRONMENT
• The term environment comes from the French word “environ”
and means everything that surround us
• The totality of the surrounding conditions for comfortable living
of organism
• Environment is the area in which we live

7. WHAT IS NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
• Natural environment is in which an organism live naturally on
the earth
• In other words, wildness is called Natural environment of the
organisms
• Wildness means the organism lives and interact with natural
atmosphere such as earth, rocks and air etc

9. WHY WE NEED ENVIRONMENT?
• Environment has played very important role to make able to
survive for all biotic and abiotic component in Earth
• While talking about the advantages of environment, it has much
more benefit
• Let take the example of benefit of it, we human being are social
animal as well as powerful than other animals on Earth

10. CONT….
• Good environment is good for living things same as polluted
environment is very harm full to living things
• We human being need food to live, air to breath, water to drink
etc
• Which are getting from environment
• If there were no suitable environment on the earth then it will be
unable for the human to survive on earth

11. TYPES OF ENVOIRNMENT
• Natural envoirnment
• Manmade envoirnment

12. NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
• The components of natural environment are air, water, soil, land,
radiations, forests, wildlife, flora and fauna etc

13. MANMADE ENVIRONMENT
• It include transportation, housing, agricultural and livestock
farms, aquatic farms, industries, dams, energy such as hydro
thermal and nuclear energy plants etc

14. COMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENT
• Biophysical components
• Energy components
• Abiotic components
• Biotic components

15. BIOPHYSICAL COMPONENTS
• Living and non living components both are when combined they
form biophysical components
• It includes all the factors that have an influence on the survival,
development and evolution of organisms
• For example these components form
• a)Marine environment
• b)Atmospheric environment
• c) Terrestrial environment

16. COMMON BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTS
• a) Marine environment
• b) Terrestrial environment

17. MARINE ENVIRONMENT
• Saline water present on the earth covers approximately 72% of
planet surface
• The ocean contains 97% of the earth’s water
• It is the habitat of 230000 known species of animals and aquatic
plants

19. TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT
• The environment belonging to the land as opposed to the sea
or air
• It include all the plants and animals grow up and develop on the
surface of earth
• For example: human, animals, plants, crops etc

21. ENERGY COMPONENTS
• It include solar energy, geo chemical energy, thermo electrical
energy, nuclear energy etc

22. ABIOTIC COMPONENTS
• The components which surround us but these are non living
• Abiotic components are non living chemical and physical factors
in the environment, which affect ecosystems
• The abiotic components of an ecosystem can be listed through
SWATS: Soil, Water, Air, Temperature and Sunlight.

23. COMMON ABIOTIC COMPONENTS
• a) Atmosphere
• b) water
• c) Air or wind
• d) Temperature and sunlight
• e) Chemical elements

24. ATMOSPHERE
• The atmosphere of the earth is the envelop which surround us
• Animals and other creatures breathe oxygen or filter it from
water, and plants grow because of the presence of carbon
dioxide
• It protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet rays coming from
sun

26. WATER
• All living organisms needs some water intake
• Water covers 70% of the earth’s surface and falls as rain or snow
over land
• In an environment with little water, only organisms requiring a
small percentage of water can survive
• Other organisms thrive in conditions with large amounts of
water, such as marine animals and plants in oceans
• Water is essential to survival, but every organisms needs a
different amount of water

28. AIR OR WIND
• Often biotic factors are affected by other factors
• Air or wind is consist of many gases, some of these gases are
essential for living like oxygen and carbon dioxide
• The wind speed and direction affects the temperature and
humidity of an area
• It also carries seeds and aids pollination, spreading life

30. TEMPERATURE AND SUNLIGHT
• Temperature of the air and water affect animals, plants and
human in ecosystems
• A rise in temperature has the potential to change the way a
living thing develops, because it changes the metabolic activities
of organism
• All living organisms have a tolerance level of temperature e.g a
human would die if he stood out in minus 50 degree
temperature
• Light exposure often affects the temperature. Areas with direct
sunlight are warmer

32. CHEMICAL ELEMENTS
• Chemical elements act within the environment to impact what
type of organism can grow in the area
• The chemical composition, including acidity level, has a large
impact on the plants in an area
• Chemical elements make up all matter, including other abiotic
factors

34. BIOTIC COMPONENTS
• Components which surround us but includes living components
• Biotic components include:
• a) producers
• b) Consumers
• c) Decomposers

35. COMMON BIOTIC COMPONENTS
• a) Producers (autotrophs)
• b) Consumers (heterotrophs)
• c) Decomposers (detritivores)

36. PRODUCERS
• They convert the energy [from photosynthesis] into food
• They transfer light, water, carbon dioxide into energy
• For example; plants

38. CONSUMERS
• They depend upon the producers (occasionally other
consumers) for food
• For example; animals

40. DECOMPOSERS
• They break down chemicals from producers and consumers
(usually dead) into simpler from which can be reused
• For example; micro-organisms (fungi and bacteria)

42. FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CHANGE
IN ENVIRONMENT
• 1.Deforestation for wood and bringing land under cultivation this
cause erosion of the soil. This activity has been going on from
the past thousand of years
• 2. Killing the gentle animals for food and fierce animals due to
safety reasons
• 3. The industrial and scientific revolution in the recent past has
the tremendous affect on environment
• This aspect is mainly responsible for polluting the water bodies
with the chemicals from industries waste

44. CONT….
• 4. A large number of episodes have affected the environment.
The most important is London smog that kill 4000 people in
1952
• 5. Nuclear catastrophes including dropping of bombes in
Hiroshima and Nagasaki. an other is Bhopal gas tragedy.( due to
smoke dust a layer is formed and cause many accidents)

46. EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES ON
ENVIRONMENT
• Insecticides can accumulated in fatty tissue of organism through
plants and vegetables, which has disaster effect
• The target insert develop resistance against insecticides after a
period of time
• The effectiveness of insecticides decreases in manufacturing
industries insecticides
• The workers are affected by slow poisoning affect of the
insecticides

48. EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES ON
ENVIRONMENT
• The fungicides in the soil increases number of harmful bacteria
and decreases the population of useful fungi certain fungicides
are toxic to soil arthropods continue use of fungicides make the
pest resistance to them
• Mercurial fungicides are responsible for human poisoning and
death
• This happen when injection of floor and wheat seed treated with
Mercurial with lead to mercury poisoning

50. EFFECT OF HERBICIDES ON
ENVIRONMENT
• Residue of herbicides in soil increase fungi account resulting in
fungal disease, Herbicides are disease to live stock weed
exposed to herbicide
• Herbicides are extremely harmful to human health

52. THE EARTH IS GETTING
WARMER
• A relatively rapid increase in temperature has been documented
during the past century, both at Earth’s surface and in the
oceans
• The average surface temperature for Earth as a whole has risen
some 1.3°Fahrenheit since 1850, the starting point for a global
network of thermometers

54. SEA LEVELS ARE RISING
• Warmer temperatures not only cause glaciers and land ice to
melt (adding more volume to oceans) but also cause seawater
to expand in volume as it warms
• Under a “business-as-usual” greenhouse gas emissions scenario,
models indicate that sea levels could rise 2 feet or more by 2100
compared to 1990 levels

56. THE OCEAN IS ACIDIFYING
• Much of the carbon dioxide emitted by human activity has
already been taken up by the ocean, thus moderating the
increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
• However, as carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater, it forms
carbonic acid, acidifying the ocean
• Ocean acidification will likely cause serious harm to such
treasured marine organisms as corals, lobsters, and sea urchins

58. ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT

59. WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT?
• Environmental management is concerned with the man
environmental interface, the complex boundary where bio-
physical and socio cultural systems interact (Hare, 1970)
• An approach which goes beyond natural resource management,
to encompass the political and social as well as the natural
environment (Clarke, 1999)
• It is an attempt to control human impact on and the interaction
with the environment in order to preserve natural resources

62. CHARACTERISTICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
• It deals with the world affected by human:
• It supports sustainable development
• It demands a multidisciplinary approach
• It has to integrate different developmental points of view
• Applied for both short term and long term concerns
• Integration of natural and social sciences
• Integration of policy making and planning

63. SIGNIFICANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
• To prevent and solve environmental problems
• To develop research and monitoring
• To warn threats and identify opportunities
• To suggest measures to resource conservation
• For long term/short term sustainable developments
• Develop a strategy to solve the environmental issues

65. GENERAL SCHEME FOR ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
• Identification of objectives and define problems
• Determination of appropriate action plan
• Implementation and progress evaluation
• Monitoring and adjust management
• Future environmental management and planning

66. APPROACHES OF ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
• There are 3 approaches of environmental management
• 1. Spatial approach
• 2. Ecological approach
• 3. Environmental Management System (EMS) Approach

67. SPATIAL APPROACH
• Spatial Approach considers the management of environment at
3 levels
• 1. Local level
• 2. Regional level
• 3. Global level
• At global level, the spatial dimension and management
strategies may be chalked out on the basis of needs, aspirations,
perceptions, priorities and inhibitions of the individuals, society
and government

69. ECOLOGICAL APPROACH
• Ecological approach considers the management of ecological
resources to save the environment. It has two methods to
manage ecology
• 1. Conservation: To utilize the natural environment for social
needs but a simultaneous effort to maintain the ecological
balance
• 2. Preservation: To save some species or natural environments
from social utilization in order to protect them

71. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM (EMS) APPROACH
• EMS has been defined by ISO 140001as:
• “The part of the overall management system that includes
organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities,
practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing,
implementing achieving and reviewing the environmental policy.”

72. 4 ELEMENTS OF EMS
• It has 4 elements such as
• 1. Act
• 2. Plan
• 3. Do
• 4. Check.

75. ISO 140001
• ISO 14001 is a family of standards related to environmental
management that exists to help organizations minimize how
their operations negatively affect the environment; comply with
applicable laws, regulations, and other environmentally oriented
requirements; and continually improve in the above.

78. COMPONENTS OF ISO 140001
• Environmental Policy
• Planning
• Implementation and Operation
• Checking and Corrective Action
• Management Review