1. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
GCSE Sociology Education
Differential Achievement
Gender
Ethnicity
Social Class
Teacher Expectations
Material and Cultural Deprivation
Parental attitudes
Essential Notes and Workbook
Gender
H Green Year 10 Sociology

2. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
Topic 18
Design your own diagram to show the 4 main reasons which explain
why girls are getting better grades than boys.
You need to include:
The role of the feminist movement
Changing job opportunities
Legal changes
Introduction of the national curriculum
Gender
H Green Year 10 Sociology

3. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
Topic 20
Why are girls improving faster than boys?
Complete this chart to show the findings of three sociological studies
on gender and achievement.
Study What did their study show?
Harris (1993)
Moir and Moir
(1998)
Katz (2000)
Which sociologist do you agree with the most? Why?
Material Deprivation
H Green Year 10 Sociology

4. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
Topic 14
Some sociologists are interested in how the home environment can
affect educational achievement. Material factors are concerned with
money and the general standard of living within the home.
Complete this chart to show how material factors can effect a child’s
educational achievement.
Study What does this tell us about
educational achievement?
The child poverty action group
Douglas (1967)
Halsey, Heath and Ridge (1980)
H Green Year 10 Sociology

5. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
For each of these factors explain how they could lead to educational
underachievement.
Factor How this could lead to
underachievement.
Lack of school uniform or sports
kit
Lack of privacy or quiet in the
home
Poor diet – no breakfast before
coming to school
Poor attendance through illness
Not having attended nursery
School
How does coming from a middle class home benefit children?
H Green Year 10 Sociology

6. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
Read the extract on page 123
Explain the research carried out by Leon Feinstein in 2002
What are the factors which effected pre-school children’s
underachievement?
H Green Year 10 Sociology

7. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
Parental Attitudes and Achievement
Topic 15
How do the attitudes and values of middle-class and working-class
parents differ?
Middle-class values Working-class values
List the ways that middle-class parents might be able to give their
children a head start in education.
H Green Year 10 Sociology

8. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
Cultural deprivation
What do you think cultural deprivation means?
How might the middle-class parents help their children by providing
them with cultural experiences?
H Green Year 10 Sociology

9. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
Teacher Expectations and
School Factors
Topic 16
What is the halo effect?
How might teachers see working-class and middle-class children
differently?
Working-class Middle-class
Which sociologists studied this?
What do you think self-filling prophecy means and how can this be
applied to education?
H Green Year 10 Sociology

10. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
Streaming, Sub-cultures and School
Organisation
Topic 17
Do the classes and sets you are placed in at school, the people you
make friends with and how the school is organised have an effect on
educational achievement?
Key word: Streaming
What is streaming?
Arguments for and against streaming
Arguments for streaming Arguments against streaming
How have some schools tried to overcome the issue of streaming?
H Green Year 10 Sociology

11. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
Key word definition: Sub-culture
Definition of sub-culture
Describe the work of…
Hargreaves (1967)
Lacey (1970)
Rutter (1979) thought that the way that a school was organised
helped the pupils to achieve.
Describe the schools which had the best results:
H Green Year 10 Sociology

12. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
Ethnicity and Achievement
Topic 21
Answer questions 1 to 3
Topic 22/23
Draw a diagram to show these factors may affect the achievement of
students from different ethnic backgrounds:
Home and social class
Cultural differences
Parental expectations
Types of school attended
Labelling and teacher expectations
The hidden curriculum
H Green Year 10 Sociology

13. AQA Sociology GCSE Education
You may do this on A3/A4 paper.
H Green Year 10 Sociology