12. •
•
•
$ man [section] <program>
LS(1) User Commands LS(1)
NAME
ls -‐ list directory contents
SYNOPSIS
ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
DESCRIPTION
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabeti-‐
cally if none of -‐cftuvSUX nor -‐-‐sort is specified.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-‐a, -‐-‐all
do not ignore entries starting with .
51. root:~/ # systemctl status httpd
httpd.service -‐ The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since 2015-‐04-‐01 16:10:40 CST; 10min ago
Main PID: 1221 (httpd)
Status: "Total requests: 0; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic: 0 B/sec"
CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
├─1221 /usr/sbin/httpd -‐DFOREGROUND
├─2475 /usr/sbin/httpd -‐DFOREGROUND
├─2476 /usr/sbin/httpd -‐DFOREGROUND
├─2477 /usr/sbin/httpd -‐DFOREGROUND
├─2478 /usr/sbin/httpd -‐DFOREGROUND
└─2479 /usr/sbin/httpd -‐DFOREGROUND
4 01 16:10:37 localhost.localdomain httpd[1221]: AH00558: httpd: ...
4 01 16:10:40 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -‐l to show in full.
52. •
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-‐fs.target nss-‐lookup.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/httpd
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -‐DFOREGROUND
ExecReload=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -‐k graceful
ExecStop=/bin/kill -‐WINCH ${MAINPID}
# We want systemd to give httpd some time to finish gracefully, but still want
# it to kill httpd after TimeoutStopSec if something went wrong during the
# graceful stop. Normally, Systemd sends SIGTERM signal right after the
# ExecStop, which would kill httpd. We are sending useless SIGCONT here to give
# httpd time to finish.
KillSignal=SIGCONT
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-‐user.target