1 Chapter12 Blood

[object Object],Forensic Serology (Blood)

Karl Landsteiner ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What is Blood ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Platelets White Blood Cell Red Blood Cells

Characteristics of Red Blood Cells ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Role of RBCs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Blood Platelets ,[object Object],[object Object],Leukocytes can squeeze between cells lining walls and attack bacteria and debris. Neutrophils engulf larger particles. Eosnophils moderate allergic reactions. Basophils migrate to damaged tissues and release histamine to promote inflammation. Lymphocytes are the major players in specific immune reactions and some produce antibodies (T cells and B cells) Functions of WBCs

Blood Plasma ,[object Object],[object Object]

Hematocrit ,[object Object],Hematocrit means the percentage of red blood cells in blood

ABO Blood Group ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Rh Blood Group ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Blood Groups and Transfusions Antigens and Antibodies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Relative Frequency of Blood Types in Human Populations

Questions for a Criminalist: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Tests to identify human blood ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

4. Luminol ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What do you see with luminol? It glows a bright blue in the dark, when it comes in contact with blood

Advantages of using Luminol ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Bloody Footprints that were wiped

5. Crystal Tests ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

So we know it’s blood – but is it human? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Precipitin Test (Human blood) (Human antiserum made in rabbits)

7. Gel Diffusion Test ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

8. DNA TEST ,[object Object],[object Object]

Part III. Analyzing Bloodstain Patterns

Analyzing Bloodstain Patterns ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Types of Blood Stain Patterns ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Passive drops on various surfaces ,[object Object],[object Object]

Passive: Dripped Blood patterns created by a volume of blood, from same source to target distance (repeated drops onto same spot.)

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Arterial gush or spurt ,[object Object]

Cast-off Stains ,[object Object]

Projected blood through a syringe

Impact Spatter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Low Velocity Impact Spatter ,[object Object],[object Object]

Medium Velocity Impact Spatter ,[object Object],[object Object]

High Velocity Impact Spatter Force of 100 feet/sec. and greater Preponderant stain size 1mm in size and smaller Mist like appearance

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

1 Chapter12 Blood

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1 Chapter12 Blood