Breast Cancer Prevention - Modifiable Lifestyle Factors presented by Diana N. Addis, MD, FACS on 10.31.2020.

1. Breast Cancer Prevention
Modifiable Lifestyle Factors
Diana M. Addis, MD, FACS
Summit Medical Group
Breast Surgeon
October 31, 2020

3. Why is Prevention Important?
• Reduce the number of new cases
• Reduce the number of deaths
• Lessen physical problems for patients
• Lessen emotional and financial distress
on patients and their families
• Decrease burden on healthcare system,
employers, and the public (LESS $$$)
Source: cancer.gov

4. Methods of Prevention
• Avoid or control things known to cause
cancer:
 Diet
 Lifestyle
 Environment
• Detect pre-cancerous condition early
Source: cancer.gov

5. What makes a good
screening test?
• Low risk
• Least invasive
• Inexpensive
• Reliable
• Accessible
• Able to repeat with little patient impact
Source: Breathing Easy: Lung Cancer Prevention and Screening, Dr. Jessie S. Wilt, Summit Medical Group

6. Breast Cancer

7. Copyrights apply

8. USPSTF Guidelines for
Breast Cancer Screening
 All women aged 50-74 years
• Repeat every 2 years
 Selective screening of women age 40-49
• Repeat every 1-2 years
 Insufficient evidence to assess balance of
benefits and harms in women >75 years

9. Breast Cancer Risk Factors
• A personal history of breast cancer or high-risk lesion
found by biopsy
• A family history of breast cancer, particularly in a
mother, sister or daughter (first degree relative)
• History of radiation therapy
• Evidence of a specific genetic mutation
(BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation)
 Women who carry defects on either of these genes are at
greater risk for developing breast cancer.

10. Reducing Breast Cancer Risk
• Keep a healthy weight
• Exercise regularly
• Limit alcohol consumption
• Don’t smoke
• Breastfeed your children, if possible.
• Understand the possible risks of using estrogen-containing
contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy
• If you have a family history of breast cancer, or have tested
positive for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, talk to your doctor about
other ways to lower your risk.

11. Gail Model Breast Cancer Risk
Factors
• Current Age
• Age at Menarche (first period)
• Age at 1st live birth
• # of 1st degree relatives w/ Breast
cancer
• # of breast biopsies
• Presence of ADH

12. Additional Risk Factors
• Age of dx of family
• 2nd degree relatives
• Alcohol intake
• Physical Activity
• HRT
• Lactation history
• Height
• Weight
• Mammographic
density

13. Overweight/Obese
• Maintaining your ideal body weight
 Most important modifiable risk factor
 Postmenopausal
 Link seen in women who gain weight
later in life
 Estrogen levels are higher

14. Exercise
• Being Fit
 Decreases breast cancer risk
 Dept. of Health and Human
Services:
• 150 min/week moderate activity or
• 75min/week vigorous activity
 25% reduction in breast cancer risk
• Postmenopausal
• Most vigorous exercise

15. Healthy Diet
• Mediterranean Diet - plant based,
with moderate amount of dairy, poultry
and eggs.
 EVOO, mixed nuts
 Vegetables
• Large amounts
• Dark green and yellow
 Legumes & Whole grains
 Avoid red meat

16. Alcohol
• Do not drink at all
OR……
• Limit to 1 drink per day
• Risk is dose related

17. Sleep
• Maintain regular nighttime
sleep
• Melatonin

18. Smoking
• Link between smoking and
breast cancer

19. Exposure
• Limit exposure to
carcinogens
• Limit radiation exposure

21. Conclusion
• Stay Healthy
 Maintain normal body weight
 Stay Fit- Exercise 3-7hr / week
• Eat Smart
• Sleep Well
• Be Calm

22. Questions
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