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1. Grief and Bereavement

2. GRIEF =
 total response to emotional experience
related to loss
 The normal process of reacting to loss.
BEREAVEMENT =
 subjective response to by loved ones
 The human experience occurring with
the death of a loved one.

3.  Grief is a form of sorrow involving
feelings, thoughts and behaviors
caused by bereavement.
 The grief process involves a sequence
of affective, cognitive and
psychological states as a person
responds to and finally accepts a loss.

4. What Is Grief?
 “Grief is the emotion people feel
when they experience a loss.
There are many different types of
loss, and not all of them are
related to death. For example, a
person can also grieve over the
breakup of an intimate
relationship or after a parent
moves away from home.”

6. What are the Five Stages of
Grief and Do They Always
Occur in the Same Order?
 The five stages:
1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance

9. Manifestations of Grief
 Difficulty
concentrating
 Ongoing sadness
 Constant thoughts
of the person who
died
 Guilt
 Anger
 Changes in the way
a person acts or
feels normally
 Weight loss
 Loss of appetite
 Difficulty sleeping
 Heart palpitations
 Anxiety and fear
 Loneliness and pain

10. Phases of Bereavement
 Shock and numbness
 Yearning and searching
 Disorganization and despair
 Reorganization

11. Bereavement Tasks
 Accepting the reality of loss
 Working through the pain of grief
 Adjusting to the environment without
the deceased
 Emotionally relocating the deceased
and moving on with life

12. Dysfunctional Responses
 Prolonged denial of loss
 Refusal to mourn
 Gastrointestinal symptoms, shortness
of breath, and muscle tension
 Behavioral issues (e.g., substance
abuse, phobias, difficulty with
concentration)

13. Grief Management

14. Grief Management
 All are normal responses to grief but
should resolve within one year.
 Dysfunctional grief reactions may
require intervention from a
psychosocial professional.
 Rapid referrals should be made for
intensive assessment and treatment.