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Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where
to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half
hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that
others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going
to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your
book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and
thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black
hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered
seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank
you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets.
Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where
to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half
hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that
others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going
to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your


  diffusion
book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and
thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black
hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered
seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank
you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets.

                     of


  responsibility
Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where
to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half
hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that
others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going
to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your
book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and
thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black
hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered
seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank
you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets.
Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where
to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half
hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that
others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going
to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your
book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and
thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black
hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered
seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank
you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets.
Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where
to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half
hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that
others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going
to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your
book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and
                                                                                                                   Binaebi Akah » Project 4a I590 Spring 2010
                                                                                           Digital Imagery as Social Mechanism: Awareness and Social Change
Research



cliché, but true...
one person can make a difference.
                                   When someone tweets that they’re
                                   about to commit suicide, does anyone
                                   do anything? Who is responsible for
                                   the death if no one acts?
                                   Diffusion of responsibility is the result of being
                                   in a group of people witnessing an emergency
                                   situation, and assuming someone else will
                                   help (Darley, J. M. & Latané, B., 1968).

                                   Pictured here is a tweet made by Demi Moore
                                   after receiving an at-reply from Sandieguy
                                   on Twitter. When Sandieguy tweeted about
                                   her planned suicide to a particular person, it
                                   galvanized others to determine her location
                                   so they could call the police and prevent the
                                   suicide. Luckily, they were successful.

                                   Bottom-left is a photo of Casie. Her story is
                                   available on Post Secret, a blog of anonymous
                                   postcards. She admitted it was because of
                                   Post Secret’s association with Hopeline that
                                   she called the suicide prevention hotline.

                                   Bottom-right is a photo of Kitty Genovese
                                   from 1968, whose murder was witnessed by
                                   38 people over the span of a half-hour, of
                                   which few responded because it was assumed
                                   someone else had taken action to help her,
                                   and various other reasons. It is due to an
                                   article written two weeks after her death that
                                   we have the diffusion of responsibility theory.

                                           Binaebi Akah » Project 4a I590 Spring 2010
                   Digital Imagery as Social Mechanism: Awareness and Social Change
Attributions




Primary                                    Secondary
Lynn Dombrowski                            “Casie’s Story”
Thanatosensitivity online, and how death   (background of sketch)
affects those left behind.                 http://postsecret.blogspot.com
                                           Sharing (or reading) secrets online help those of us oppressed by our secrets.
Joe Wilkerson
Committing social (online) suicide as a    Darley, J. M. & Latané, B. (1968). Bystander intervention in emergencies: Diffusion
way to unplug.                             of responsibility.

                                           “Demi Moore’s Twitter Followers Help Stop a Suicide”
                                           http://news.cnet.com/8301-17852_3-10212297-71.html

                                           Photo of Casie
                                           http://photos1.blogger.com/photoInclude/blogger/994/593/1600/C.jpg

                                           Photo of Kitty Genovese
                                           http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2007-10-01-2866829171_x.htm

                                           Photo of @mrskutcher’s tweet to @sandieguy
                                           http://pics.livejournal.com/rosalierose/pic/001fqtg8

                                           “Social Network Sites Link to Town’s Seven Suicides”
                                           http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article3234692.ece

                                           “Worldwide cry for help: Q-C man broadcasts suicide on Twitter”
                                           http://www.qctimes.com/news/local/article_70692410-7f10-11de-81c8-001cc-
                                           4c002e0.html




                                                                                                 Binaebi Akah » Project 4a I590 Spring 2010
                                                                         Digital Imagery as Social Mechanism: Awareness and Social Change

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Diffusion of Responsibility

  • 1. Sketch Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your diffusion book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. of responsibility Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and thank the people that send in their postcards so that others know they are not alone with their secrets. Frank, This past Friday night I found myself in a black hole of depression and I didn’t know how I was going to make it through the night. Not knowing where to turn and feeling like I couldn’t stop. I remembered seeing the Hopeline phone number in the front of your book. I talked with someone there for 2 and a half hours and I truly feel that they saved my life. Thank you for the book, thank Hopeline for being there, and Binaebi Akah » Project 4a I590 Spring 2010 Digital Imagery as Social Mechanism: Awareness and Social Change
  • 2. Research cliché, but true... one person can make a difference. When someone tweets that they’re about to commit suicide, does anyone do anything? Who is responsible for the death if no one acts? Diffusion of responsibility is the result of being in a group of people witnessing an emergency situation, and assuming someone else will help (Darley, J. M. & Latané, B., 1968). Pictured here is a tweet made by Demi Moore after receiving an at-reply from Sandieguy on Twitter. When Sandieguy tweeted about her planned suicide to a particular person, it galvanized others to determine her location so they could call the police and prevent the suicide. Luckily, they were successful. Bottom-left is a photo of Casie. Her story is available on Post Secret, a blog of anonymous postcards. She admitted it was because of Post Secret’s association with Hopeline that she called the suicide prevention hotline. Bottom-right is a photo of Kitty Genovese from 1968, whose murder was witnessed by 38 people over the span of a half-hour, of which few responded because it was assumed someone else had taken action to help her, and various other reasons. It is due to an article written two weeks after her death that we have the diffusion of responsibility theory. Binaebi Akah » Project 4a I590 Spring 2010 Digital Imagery as Social Mechanism: Awareness and Social Change
  • 3. Attributions Primary Secondary Lynn Dombrowski “Casie’s Story” Thanatosensitivity online, and how death (background of sketch) affects those left behind. http://postsecret.blogspot.com Sharing (or reading) secrets online help those of us oppressed by our secrets. Joe Wilkerson Committing social (online) suicide as a Darley, J. M. & Latané, B. (1968). Bystander intervention in emergencies: Diffusion way to unplug. of responsibility. “Demi Moore’s Twitter Followers Help Stop a Suicide” http://news.cnet.com/8301-17852_3-10212297-71.html Photo of Casie http://photos1.blogger.com/photoInclude/blogger/994/593/1600/C.jpg Photo of Kitty Genovese http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2007-10-01-2866829171_x.htm Photo of @mrskutcher’s tweet to @sandieguy http://pics.livejournal.com/rosalierose/pic/001fqtg8 “Social Network Sites Link to Town’s Seven Suicides” http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article3234692.ece “Worldwide cry for help: Q-C man broadcasts suicide on Twitter” http://www.qctimes.com/news/local/article_70692410-7f10-11de-81c8-001cc- 4c002e0.html Binaebi Akah » Project 4a I590 Spring 2010 Digital Imagery as Social Mechanism: Awareness and Social Change