Monthly Market Risk Update: March 2024 [SlideShare]
Organic farming for livelihood security of farmers in india
1. on
ORGANIC FARMING FOR LIVELIHOOD
SECURITY OF FARMERS IN INDIA
Presented By:
Shivalika Sood
Seminar Incharge:
Dr. Suresh Kumar Gautam
2. Contents
1. History
2. Introduction
3. Characteristics of Organic Farming
4. Global Scenario
5. Organic Agriculture in India
6. Organic Agriculture in Himachal Pradesh
7. Cost and Economics
8. Constraints
9. Suggestions
3. History
The country faced severe food scarcity during
1950s and 1960s.
To ensure the food security, the government
decided to increase food production in India.
Green revolution became the most important
programme in the mid sixty.
Several hectares of land brought under cultivation
by using high yielding varieties, chemical fertilizers
and pesticides.
4. Contd…
Country reduced its imports every passing year.
In 1990s, India had surplus of food grains.
But due to ill effects of chemical farming and
pumping pesticides and fertilizer relentlessly into
soil, crop productivity has either stagnated or
declined .
Consumers and farmers are now gradually
shifting back to organic farming in India.
5. INTRODUCTION
According to Codex Alimentarius (FAO/WHO), “Organic
Agriculture is a holistic production management system which
promotes and enhances agro ecosystem health, including
biodiversity, biological cycles and soil biological activity”.
Organic agricultural methods are internationally regulated and
legally enforced by many nations, based on the standards set
by the International Federation of Organic Agriculture
Movements (IFOAM), an international umbrella organization for
organic farming organizations established in 1972.
Avoids the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers and genetically
modified organisms.
6. Contd….
Main idea behind Organic Farming
To avoid adverse impact on environment.
Aim of Organic Farming
protect the earth’s resources and
produce safe and healthy food.
India has lot of potential to produce all varieties of organic
products due to various agro climatic regions.
This holds promise to the organic producers to tap the market
which is growing steadily in the domestic market related to the
export market.
7. Characteristics of Organic Farming
Long-term soil fertility
Nitrogen self sufficiency
Cultural practices
No use of chemical fertilizers
No use of genetically modified crops
Prevention from soil loss and erosion
10. 11
15 17.3
19.9 25.7
29.2
28.3
30.2 31.5
34.5 36.3
35.7
37.5
37.6
43.2
44.4
50.9
57.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Fig. in m ha
Growth of Organic Agricultural Land From 1999-2016
Organic
agricultural
land in world
has increased
with CGR
7.99% of from
1999 to 2016.
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Year Book, 2018
11. Distribution of Organic Agricultural Land in World
Oceania/ Australia has
the largest share of
organic agricultural
land in the world i.e.
47%
Europe and Latin
America also
constitutes for a
considerably large
proportion of total
organic land.
Africa,
3%
North
America
, 6%
Asia,
9%
Latin
America
, 12%
Europe,
23%
Oceania
, 47%
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Year Book, 2018
12. Distribution of Organic Producers in World
Asia and Africa
constitutes for
more than half of
organic producers
in world.
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Year Book, 2018
13. Top Ten Countries with Largest Area under Organic Agriculture
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Year Book 2018
14. Top Ten Countries with the Largest Organic Producers
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Year Book, 2018
15. Development of the Global Organic Market
17.9
33.2
59.1
81.6
89.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2000 2005 2010 2015 2016
BillionUSD
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Year Book, 2018
16. Global Market for Organic Agricultural Products
Distribution of retail sales value by country
Source: FiBL & IFOAM Year Book 2018
USA
46%
Germany
11%
France
8%
China
7%
Canada
4%
Italy
3%
UK 3%
Switzerland
3%
Other
15%
17. Some Facts on International Standards
1) IFOAM : Established in 1972
Headquarter in Germany
Develop international basic standards.
2) CODEX : Established in 1962
Produce a set of standards, guidelines and
codes of practice for organic production.
3) JAS : Japan Agricultural Standards
JAS is the organic standard in force in Japan.
4)Demeter : It is a world wide net work of 19 international
certification bodies in Africa, Australia, Europe etc.
Developed guidelines for biodynamic
preparation.
19. Status of Organic Agriculture in India
• India ranks 9th (2%) in terms of World’s Organic
Agricultural land and 1st in terms of total number of
producers (30%).
• Total area under organic certification process is
3.56 million hectare.
• This includes 50% cultivable area (1.78 m ha) and
rest 50% (1.78 m ha) for wild harvest collection of
forest products.
• Country produced around 1.70 million MT of
certified organic products (2017-18).
Source: APEDA, 2017-18
20. Area under organic certification process during last 5 years
(Cultivated +Wild Harvest)
4.72
4.89
5.71
4.45
3.56
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
millionha
The area under organic certification has declined with CGR
of 6.32 % per annum.
Source: APEDA, 2017-18
21. Organic Agriculture Land in India
Organic Agriculture in India
Sr. no. States Organic In- Conversion Total area
1 Madhya Pradesh 328.42 284.97 613.40
2 Maharashtra 108.03 127.66 235.69
3 Rajasthan 76.00 132.57 208.57
4 Odisha 61.98 43.63 105.62
5 Karnataka 24.67 62.28 86.95
6 Gujarat 49.30 31.97 81.27
7 Sikkim 74.09 1.98 76.08
8 Uttar Pradesh 39.41 15.79 55.20
9 Uttarakhand 19.75 22.56 42.30
10 Meghalaya 2.58 37.76 40.34
18 Himachal Pradesh 8.07 6.08 14.15
Source: APEDA ,2017-18
Area in ‘000 ha
23. Product-Wise Export from India
S.No. Name of product
% of export by
Quantity
% of export by
value
1. Oilseeds 75 47.65
2. Cereals and millets 11.55 10.44
3. Sugar crops 3.98 2.15
4 Fruit products 2.26 2.89
5. Plantation crop 1.83 8.96
6. Spices 1.23 7.76
7. Pulses 1.22 1.86
8. Dry fruit 0.93 8.88
9. Vegetable Products 0.44 2.22
10. others 0.78 1.40
Source: APEDA, 2017-18
24. Institutional / Organizational Structure
Presently, organic farming is promoted through the following
Ministries:
• Ministry of Commerce
1. National Programme on Organic Production (NPOP)
2. National standards for organic products and processes
and accreditation of Certification Agencies
• Ministry of Agriculture
1. National Project on Organic Farming (NPOF)
2. National Centre of Organic Farming (NCOF) along with
Regional centres of Organic Farming under NPOF
3. Network project on organic farming (NePOF) under ICAR
25. Organic Certification in India
• Organic Certification System is a quality assurance
initiative, intended to assure quality, prevent fraud and
promote commerce, based on set of standards and ethics.
• Organic certification is process oriented and not based on
laboratory research.
• Two types of extant certifying mechanisms:-
A. Participatory Guarantee Scheme (PGS) - meant for
domestic market allows the farming community to self-certify
their organic produce.
B. The Certification Mechanism - administrated under APEDA
and meant for export purpose only. This is being done by
APEDA under the National Programme for Organic
Production (NPOP), administered by the Ministry of
Commerce and Industry.
27. Total Area Under Certification Process in State
Sr. No. Status Area (‘000 ha)
1 Cultivated Area 14.15
2 Wild Harvest 156.00
Total Area 170.15
Cultivated Farm Area in the State
Sr. No. Status Area (‘000 ha)
1 Organic Area 8.07
2 In conversion Area 6.08
Total area 14.15
Source: APEDA, 2017-18
28. Status of organic produce in Himachal Pradesh
S. No. Name of product Production (tonnes)
1. Cereals & millets 209.70
2. Dry fruits 17.55
3. Fruits 176.71
4 Oilseeds 17.04
5. Medicinal 6.18
6. Plantation 343.47
7. Pulses 80.50
8. Spices & condiments 1769.47
Source: APEDA, 2017-18
29. Organic Farm CSK HPKV
• Organic farming was started in COA (CSK HPKV) in the year
2002.
• First “Niche area of Excellence” program on organic farming in
Hill Agriculture in 2006.
• Model organic farm spread over an area of about 20 hectares
• Currently, under Experiential learning programme three trials are
being conducted on :
– Garlic, Onion and Potato
• Organic Inputs produced – Vermicompost, Nadep compost,,
Panchagavya, Vermiwash , Matka khad, Himsol, Agniastra,
Jeevamrit, Beejamrit etc.
39. Particulars Garret Score Rank
Non availability of labour 78.88 1
High transportation cost 77.75 2
Lack of exclusive organic market 73.50 3
Lack of technical guidance 73.41 4
Problem of certification 66.00 5
Lack of irrigation facility 65.50 6
Costly bio-inputs 64.53 7
Non availability of bio-inputs 63.00 8
High cost of certification 55.13 9
Low yield 54.97 10
Weak arbitration mechanism 36.72 11
Lack of subsidy support in conversion period 33.66 12
Inability to obtain premium prices for the produce 29.66 13
Constraints in Adoption of Organic Farming
Source: Kumara et al. 2015Location: Maharashtra
40. Constraints Faced by Consumers in Organic Food Purchase:
Constraints Garret Score Rank
Higher price than conventional produce 56.15 1
Limited / inadequate supply 28.85 2
Lack of information 19.00 3
Inadequate organic outlets 15.19 4
Doubts over authenticity of the organic
produce
10.22 5
Perceiving no difference between organic
and conventional produce
8.13 6
Source: Shanmugapriya et al. 2014Location: Tamil Nadu
41. Organic Certification Agencies in India
Bureau VERITAS Certification India Pvt. Ltd. Mumbai
Indian Organic Certification Agency (INDOCERT)
Lacon Quality Certification Pvt. Ltd.
OneCert International Pvt. Ltd
SGS India Pvt. Ltd.
Control Union Inspections India Pvt. Ltd.
Uttarakhand State Organic Certification Agency
Apof Organic Certification Agency
Rajasthan State Organic Certification Agency
ECOCERT India Pvt. Ltd. Mumbai, Maharashtra
IMO Control Pvt. Ltd.
Vedic Organic Certification Agency
Aditi Organic Certifications Pvt. Ltd.
Chhattisgarh Certification Society, India
42. ISCOP (Indian Society for Certification of Organic Products)
TQ Cert Services Private Limited
Tamil Nadu Organic Certification Department
Intertek India Pvt. Ltd.
Madhya Pradesh State Organic Certification Agency
Odisha State Organic Certification Agency
Natural Organic Certification Agro Pvt. Ltd.
Fair Cert Certification Services Pvt. Ltd.
Gujarat Organic Products Certification Agency
Uttar Pradesh State Organic Certification Agency
Karnataka State Organic Certification Agency
Sikkim State Organic Certification Agency
Global Certification Society
GreenCert Biosolutions Pvt. Ltd
Telangana State Organic Certification Authority
Contd…
43. Suggestions
• Organic farming should be included in the National Skill
Development Mission.
• Seeing is Believing- Demonstration farms to be set up for
Organic farming.
• Budget allocations for promotion of organic farming should
be scaled up.
• Organic inputs should also be provided at subsidized rates.
• Government should think of introducing MSP for organic
products.
• Agricultural universities should encourage the research in
the field of organic farming.
• Government should actively contribute to awareness rising
for the organic agriculture on all levels.
Hinweis der Redaktion
In 2016, Global organic agricultural land increased by 6.9 m ha which is almost 13.5% more as compared to 2015.