Presentation about a basic understanding of Open Knowledge by looking at the issues of its opportunities and challenges

1. OPEN KNOWLEDGE:
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
6th International Library and Information Professionals Summit 2017
“Dynamics of Library for Excellence in Electronic Revolution”
April 6 - 8, 2017
IISER Mohali, Punjab
Jointly organized by
IISER Mohali
&
Society for Library Professionals (SLP)
in association with
Special Libraries Association (USA), Asian Chapter
Shirley Ingles-
Cruz
singlescruz@gmail.com

2. DISCUSSION:
I. Open Knowledge: Short Introduction &
Examples
II. Open Knowledge: Challenges
III.Open Knowledge: Opportunities

3. Universal access to all knowledge
– greatest dream of Library of Alexandria
Knowledge set free enables dynamic, adaptive, and
personalized experience.
– George Siemens

4. I. What is Open Knowledge?
FREE to
 use
 re-use
 redistribute
– any content or information
without any legal,
technological
or social restriction.

5.  The Open Knowledge Initiative
Open Knowledge
 a consortium of American universities led
by MIT and Stanford that aimed to produce
an “architectural specification” for the
development of educational software

6. What does OPEN mean in the context of Open
Knowledge?

7.  OPEN means anyone can freely access, use,
modify, and share for any purpose (subject, at
most, to requirements that preserve provenance and
openness).
The Open Definition
Open data and content can be freely used,
modified, and shared by anyone for any
purpose..
Open Knowledge
 The Open Definition

8. Debian Free Software
Guidelines
Open Source Definition
Open Knowledge
International
The Open Definition
Open Knowledge
 Origin of Open Definition

9.  OPEN means allowing access
to any users, to use for
any lawful purpose,
without barriers that
are inseparable from those
gaining access to the internet
itself .
Open Knowledge
 Budapest Declaration

10.  OPEN is synonymous with
“free” or “libre”
Free cultural works are
works or expressions which
can be freely studied,
applied, copied and/or
modified, by anyone, for
any purpose.
Open Knowledge
 Free Cultural Works

11. Open Knowledge

12. CHALLENGE
S
II. Open Knowledge : Challenges

13. The prevalence of open spaces creates participatory
culture, encourages diversity and provides vast network
possibilities.
“We shape our tools and our tools shape us”
Atoms Bits
Scarcity Abundance
Consuming Creating
Standardization Personalization
Individuals Networks
Challenge – Technology
– Dr. Alec Couros
Shift
in
Medi
a

14. Challenge – Technology
https://www.g2techgroup.com/buzzword-5-web-x-0/
 The Web Technology

15. Web 1.0 – Read only Web 2.0 – Interactive
Web 3.0 – Semantic Web /
“Personal assistant to user”
Web X.0 – AI / 3 dimensional
environment
Challenge – Technology

16. Challenge – Technology
in 2016 ~ 3.4 billion
Internet Users in the
world

17.  Social Media Prism
Challenge – Technology

18.  Cost
https://datasciencebe.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/data-governance.jpg
Challenge – Technology

19. IP encompasses the three (3)
complex strands of jurisprudence:
Challenge – Intellectual Property & License

20. The author
has the right
to his work
FOREVER
The idea that
an IDEA CAN
BE OWNED
Challenge – Intellectual Property & License

21. Challenge – Intellectual Property & License

22.  Plagiarism
Challenge – Intellectual Property & License

23. Challenge – Intellectual Property & License

24. Challenge – Information Overload
 With the over abundance of
information via the Internet,
how are these vast information
being managed and available to
the humanity?
 Keepers of information are
faced with archiving, and
metadata indexing and
harvesting concerns.
novellcounselling.org

25. Challenge – Information Overload
 Archives and Depositories
http://casertaconcepts.com/clients/success-stories/
Data Warehousing /
Cloud Computing

26. Challenge – Information Overload
digitalnewsasia.com
 Archives and Depositories

27. Challenge – Information Overload
 Metadata & Data Mining
Illustration by Jørgen Stamp digitalbevaring.dk CC BY 2.5 DenmarkRay Johnston

28. Challenge – Information Overload
 Semantics & Taxonomy
Its primary purpose is to LINK
data and information
https://www.w3.org/2010/Talks/0608-linked-data/where-linked-data-fits-1600.png

29. Challenge – Information Overload
 Reliability

30. Challenge – Stakeholder
 Know-how , Attitude & Behavior
http://stdaily.ghost.io/knowledge-matters/
widen.com

31. Challenge – Stakeholder
 Expectation / Unrealistic expectation

32. Challenge – Security and Privacy
http://www.voicesforinnovation.org/issues/data-privacy/

33. Challenge – Governance

34. III. Open Knowledge : Opportunities

35. Opportunity – Global Perspective

36. • Budapest Open Access Initiative
– supports the creation of open repositories of scientific
documents and the edition of electronic journals
• Bethesda Declaration
– statement on open access publishing
– defined Open Access Journal (subject to proper
attribution of authorship and which every article is
deposited in at least one online repository)
• Berlin Declaration
– Open access paradigm as a mechanism for having
scientific knowledge and cultural heritage accessible
worldwide
Opportunity – Global Perspective

37. •IFLA Declaration in Library Science
– favors open access for academic research
publications
• Lyon Declaration on Access to Information and
Development
– acknowledged that access to information,
and the skills to use it effectively, are
required for sustainable development
Opportunity – Global Perspective

38. Opportunity – Public Domain
The copyright holder
waives all rights to
the work and with no
restrictions or
licenses applied

39.  Creative Common License
Opportunity – Public Domain

40. Some INITIATIVES licensed under Creative
Commons
Opportunity – Public Domain

41.  Open Publication License
Opportunity – Public Domain

42. Open Access Africa 2012 states that “Open-access” should
be free for re-use of immediate research articles which
are available online.
Comparisons:
Open Access Toll Access
 Getting new ideas by sharing
 Collaboration
 Publish for impact
 Focus on quality
 Fear of losing ideas
 Competition
 Publish or perish
 Focus on quantity
Opportunity – Open Access

43. Opportunity – Open Access

44. Opportunity – New Learning Media
 Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)

45.  Open Educational Resources (OER) & Open Textbooks
Opportunity – New learning media

46. Opportunity – Participatory Culture

47.  Cyber Utopianism
Opportunity – Participatory Culture
The involvement of the civil society to the
cyberspace, social media in particular,
gives rise to what they called
“cyberutopianism”
– those who use technology to
propagate their political views and
beliefs.

48. Citizen science on the
other hand encourages
volunteers to be
involved in assisting
to some scientific
researches and studies.
 Citizen Science
Opportunity – Participatory Culture

49.  Citizen Journalism
Opportunity – Participatory Culture
Citizen journalism is reshaping the world – even
ordinary citizens become involved in journalism,
reporting issues that were overlooked by professional
media/reporters.

50.  Citizen Journalism
Opportunity – Participatory Culture

51. Opportunity – Open Source Movement (OSM)
“Free software
movement”
– within which the
openness of the product
becomes the key driving
principle
 Open Source Initiative (OSI)

52. The Open Definition was initially derived from the Open Source
Definition (OSD), which was also derived from the Debian Free
Software Guidelines (DFSG). “Open source” doesn't just mean access
to the source code. The distribution terms of open source software must
comply with the criteria set forth by the Open Source Initiative. The
DFSG was initially designed as a set of commitments that has been
adopted by the free software community.
Opportunity – Open Source Movement (OSM)
 Open Source Initiative (OSI)

53. Opportunity – Open Source Movement (OSM)
 The Linux Community

54. Opportunity – Author / Creator
 Recognition

55. Opportunity – Author / Creator
 Visibility
slideshare.net

56. Opportunity – Author / Creator
 More Control

57. The Open archive Initiative
(OAI) had developed a protocol
metadata harvesting, known as
OAI-PMH, as an interoperability
standard for content dissemination
for easy access and uniformity for
data exchange.
 Open Archive Initiative
Opportunity – Other Initiatives

58.  Some initiatives to resolve Archives & Depositories
Opportunity – Other Initiatives

59.  is a not-for-profit collaboration of libraries
from
around the world to share the costs of making
books open access. Its vision is a healthy
market
that includes free access for end users.
 Its mission is centered on “opening access to
scholarly books.” KU is helping stakeholders to
work together for a sustainable open future for
specialist scholarly books.
 Knowledge Unlatched
Opportunity – Other Initiatives

60. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
1. Hong Kong Polytechnic University: Knowledge Management and Big Data in Business. January 10, 2017
to March 7, 2017.
2. Stanford University Online Education: Open Knowledge Changing the Global Course of Learning,
September 2, 2014 to December 2, 2014.
REFERENCES:
1. Benkler, Y. (2006). The wealth of networks (p. 1). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
2. Buzword #5: Web X.0. https://www.g2techgroup.com/buzzword-5-web-x-0/
3. Debian Social contract, version 1.0. Retrieved November 17, 2014,
http://www.debian.org/social_contract.1.0
4. Definition of Free Cultural Works. http://freedomdefined.org/Definition
5. Garcia-Penalvo, F.J., De Figuerola, C.G., Merlo, J.A. (2010). Open knowledge: Challenges and facts. Online
Information Review 34 (4). Retrieved November 17, 2014.
6. Knowledge Unlatched. http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/about
7. Lyon Declaration on Access to Information and Development. Retrieved November 17, 2014, from
http://www.lyondeclaration.org/
8. Open Definition. Retrieved November 17, 2014, from http://opendefinition.org/
9. Open Knowledge. Retrieved November 17, 2014, from https://okfn.org/opendata/
10. Open Publication License. Retrieved November 17, 2014, from http://opencontent.org/openpub/
11. Open Source Initiative. http://opensource.org/docs/osd
12. Siemens, G. (2006). Knowing knowledge. E Learn Space. Retrieved November 17, 2014, from
http://www.elearnspace.org/KnowingKnowledge_LowRes.pdf
13. Plagiarism. Trinity College. http://library.trinitycollege.edu/home/Plagiarism