3. The name given to ultra-fine manufactured fibers
that have a diameter size of less than 1.0 denier and
the technology of developing these fibers. Micro fibers
are one hundred times finer than a human hair, up to
thirty times finer than cotton fiber, and forty times finer
than wool.
A single strand of micro fiber is approximately 1/20th
the diameter of a strand of silk.
There are 88 miles of microfiber in one square inch of
cleaning cloth.
4. Microfiber was introduced in 1986. Microfibers is a variety of polyester that has extremely thin
filaments. As a synthetic it provides us with control over its supply. Microfibers is derived using
technology and the result is to extrude extremely fine filaments (less than 1.0 denier) while
maintaining all of the strength, uniformity and processing characteristics expected by textile
manufacturers and consumers.
1. Microfiber as the sole constituent of a cloth will wear and shed fiber with use, so it is best
utilized in combination with Nylon.
2. It is tough, resilient, and can be manufactured to extremely fine tolerances, many times
thinner than other synthetics.
3. It is this strength, precision and absolute sheerness as well as its phenomenal absorbency
that give rise to so many applications, including an amazing ability to clean and dry
surfaces.
4. Microfiber yarns are now available for most major generic fibers. They can bring their
outstanding performance to a wide variety of end uses.
Micro fibers
5.
6. Microfibers in textiles refer to sub-denier fiber (such as polyester drawn to 0.5 dn). Denier
and Detex are two measurements of fiber yield based on weight and length. If the fiber
density is known you also have a fiber diameter, otherwise it is simpler to measure
diameters in micrometers.
Microfibers in technical fibers refer to ultra fine fibers (glass or meltblown thermoplastics)
often used in filtration. Newer fiber designs include extruding fiber that splits into multiple
finer fibers.
Most synthetic fibers are round in cross-section, but special designs can be hollow, oval,
star-shaped or trilobal. The latter design provides more optically reflective properties.
Synthetic textile fibers are often crimped to provide bulk in a woven, non woven or knitted
structure. Fiber surfaces can also be dull or bright. Dull surfaces reflect more light while
bright tends to transmit light and make the fiber more transparent.
Very short and/or irregular fibers have been called fibrils. Natural cellulose, such as cotton
or bleached kraft, show smaller fibrils jutting out and away from the main fiber structure.
Microfibers
7. Micro fiber
This is a type of polyester that have very thin strands, while retaining its strength. It was
introduced in 1986, and can be used to do cloths and stuffs that are sheer, very strong, and
very absorbent. These qualities do micro fibres very utile in cleansing and shining
applications, as well as combining them with other synthetic and natural fibres to add its
characteristics.
Microfiber
Microfiber is a fiber with less than 1 denier per filament. (Denier is a measure of linear
density and is commonly used to describe the size of a fiber or filament. Nine
thousand meters of a 1-denier fiber weigh one gram.) Fibers are combined to create
yarns. Yarns are knitted or woven in a variety of constructions. While many microfibers
are made of polyester, they can also be composed of polyamide or other polymers.
8.
9.
10. Production of ultra-fine fibers (less than 0.7 denier) dates back to the late 1950s,
using melt-blown spinning and flash spinning techniques.
However, only fine staples of random length could be manufactured and very few
applications could be found. Experiments to produce ultra-fine fibers of a continuous
filament type were made subsequently, the most promising of which were run in
Japan during the 1960s by Dr. Miyoshi Okamoto.
Okamoto's discoveries, together with those of Dr. Toyohiko Hikota, resulted in many
industrial applications. Among these was Ultrasuede, one of the first successful
synthetic microfibers, which found its way onto the market in the 1970s.
Microfibers were first publicized in the early 1990s in Sweden and saw success as a
product in Europe over the course of the decade. In 2007, Rubbermaid began a line
of microfiber products for American markets, the first major company to do so.
History:
13. •Logantex:
Charisma--dress weight with suede-like finish
Ultima--water repellent finish
•Thompson of California:
Moonstruck--soft sueded finish, silk-like
Micromist--brushed finish
Regal--dry hand
•Springs Mills:
Silkmore--sandwashed silk finish
Stanza--water repellent microtwill
Vanessa--reversible fabric for rainwear
Names Used by Fabric Manufacturers
14. Micro fibers can be produced by bicomponent techniques in which the fibers are
either caused to split apart, or one of the two components is dissolved or melted
away.
These techniques have long been known to be capable of producing much smaller
fibers than with homo-polymer techniques. However, the equipment complexity, cost,
and production rates have historically caused such fibers to be somewhat expensive.
Such microfibers can now be produced at a cost comparable to conventional
microfibers.
Microfiber Production:
15.
16.
17. Microfiber is constructed of a very thin filament that
has been extruded with two synthetic polymers-
polyester and nylon.
Micro Fibre vs Cotton
18. Quality (cleaning) Microfiber is constructed of a very thin filament that has been
extruded with two synthetic polymers - polyester and nylon (commercial nylon is also
known as polyamide). After it's extruded, it's processed mechanically and chemically
to be broken into finer parts. A quality Microfiber cloth will be at least 1/100th the
diameter of a human hair. However this is not the case for most Microfiber cleaning
cloths, in fact the average Microfiber cloth is only 1/6th of a human hair.
How does Microfiber work?
19.
20. The actual process of using the microfiber mops is a huge improvement in and by itself over
the conventional cotton mop process.
Illustrates a snapshot comparison between handling microfiber and cotton loop mops.
Here is how it works-
1. Roll up microfiber mops from end to end and place them standing up into the empty
bucket (from an aerial view it would resemble a cinnamon bun or sandwich wrap).
2. Fill a clean mop bucket to the top of the microfiber mops with diluted cleaning
solution (approx 1 gal depending on the capacity of the bucket).
3. Remove one mop, wring out the excess solution back into the bucket with a twist of
the wrist.
4. Place the micro fiber mop flat on the floor with the Velcro side facing up.
5. Place the mop frame (head) directly onto the micro fiber mop.
6. Begin mopping desired floor area.
7. When finished, remove the soiled mop head and place in a linen bag for laundering.
8. Start the process over again. If more mops are needed, simply place them into the
remaining clean solution. The advantages of this procedure over that of the cotton
loop mop procedure include but are not limited to:
9. The amount of cleaning solution and water needed has been dramatically reduced.
Microfiber vs. Cotton:
21.
22.
23.
24. Characteristics of Micro Fibre
• THEY ARE BREATHABLE FABRICS.
• THEIR COMFORT IS SIMILAR TO NATURAL FIBERS.
• THEY ARE SOFT.
• THEY ARE VERY DURABLE.
• THEY CAN BE EASILY MAINTAINED AND CARED FOR.
• THEY RETAIN THEIR ORIGINAL SHAPE.
• THEY ARE WINDPROOF AND WATER RESISTANT.
• THEY HAVE GOOD MOISTURE WICKING ABILITY.
• THEY HAVE EXCELLENT DRAPE.
• THEY ARE LIGHT WEIGHT.
25. •They are breathable fabrics.
•Their comfort is similar to natural fibers.
•They are soft.
•They are very durable.
•They can be easily maintained and cared for.
•They retain their original shape.
•They are windproof and water resistant.
•They have good moisture wicking ability.
•They have excellent drape.
•They are light weight.
•They carry electrodynamic ability.
•They have good filtering capabilities.
•In spite of very fine quality, microfibers have exceptional strength.
Microfiber fabrics have many qualities due to which they are preferred in
many applications mostly for cleaning various surfaces.
Characteristics of Microfibers
26. 1. They are breathable fabrics.
2. Their comfort is similar to natural fibers.
3. They are soft.
4. They are very durable.
5. They can be easily maintained and cared for.
6. They retain their original shape.
7. They are windproof and water resistant.
8. They have good moisture wicking ability.
9. They have excellent drape.
10.They are light weight.
Characteristics of Microfibre:
27. Applications of Microfiber Fabrics
Developed in Sweden, microfiber fabrics were originally used as wiping
cloths due to their many characteristics suitable for cleaning. Gradually,
they started to be used as table cloths, blankets and other home
furnishings. Due to their softer feel, good drapability, moisture wicking
property, water repellent characteristics, they are used for making a
variety of apparel, clothing & garments. They are widely used for making
rain wear, sportswear, mens suits, kids clothing, inner wears, hosiery,
evening wear, outerwear, sheeting, upholstery and many textile
accessories.
28.
29. Cleaning
The first and the foremost purpose
for which microfibers are used, is
for making wiping cloths and mops
for cleaning. Those wipes used for
consumer cleaning are generally
made from split conjugated fibers
of polyester and polyamide and
those used for commercial
cleaning are made from 100%
polyester microfiber
30.
31.
32.
33. Clothing
Due to microfiber's high
absorption quality and moisture
wicking ability, this fabric has
become a popular choice for
performance apparel and sports
wear. It is fast replacing cotton
fabrics in production of these
specialty clothings. As
microfiber wicks moisture away
from the body, it keeps the
wearer cool and dry
34.
35. Home Furnishings
Microfiber fabric can be given textures like
waffle texture, velour texture, etc. Waffle
texture is used in blankets and bed
coverings as the dimples created by the air
pockets of this texture keep the user warm.
Velour textured fabrics are very comfortable
and soft that are increasingly being used by
fashion designers for their clothing lines.
Microfibers used in tablecloths and as
upholstery are designed to be liquid and
stain resistant. These fabrics show liquids in
the form of bead on the surface until they are
removed. Microfibers are also used in bath
towels and other towels, especially those
used for swimming pool purposes, as they
allow very quick drying
36. • Microfibers used in tablecloths, furniture, and car interiors are designed
to repel liquids and consequently are difficult to stain.
• Microfiber tablecloths will bead liquids until they are removed and are
sometimes advertised showing red wine on a white tablecloth that
wipes clean with a paper towel.
• This and the ability to mimic suede economically are common selling
points for microfiber upholstery fabrics (e.g. for couches).
• Microfibers are used in towels especially those to be used at swimming
pools as even a small towel dries the body quickly.
• They dry quickly and are less prone than cotton towels to become stale
if not dried immediately.
• Paradoxically, microfiber towels need to be soaked in water and pressed
before use, as they would otherwise repel water as microfiber
tablecloths do.
Other Textile uses:
37. 1. It is ideal for stainless steel, counters, glass and porcelain.
2. In the kitchen: Stainless steel, ceramic stove tops, sinks, cabinets, granite counter
tops, microwave ovens and more.
3. In the bathroom / laundry room: Tub, tiles, faucets, vanity tops and washing
machine.
4. Around the house: windows, mirrors, glass, furniture etc.
5. It makes car washing much easier. It polishes the inside and outside of your vehicle,
using a dampened microfiber cloth. Recommended in cleaning bikes, motorcycles
and sports equipment too.
6. It is very good to use in cleaning computer screens, printers and scanners.
7. It is best to wipe up spilled liquid on floors.
Uses of Microfiber:
38. A local University in Sweden—Lund University—decided to use the 100% Microfiber
cloth—contaminate 10 surfaces with various superbugs—they used the same cloth to
clean all 10 surfaces—found that ALL SURFACES were cleaned 99.9% with NO Cross
Contamination between surfaces.
Laboratory testing has proven that the Antibacterial Enviro Cloth is effective against –
•E. coli
•Klebsiella pneumoniae
•Protues vulgaris
•Salmonella typhi
•Staphylocossus aureus
•Streptococcus pyogenes
•Candida albicans
Antibac Microfiber:
39. Polyblends, of polymer alloys, are defined as homogenous or heterogeneous
mixtures of structurally different homopolymers or copolymers. The purpose of
blending is either to improve processability or to obtain materials suitable for specific
needs by tailoring one or more properties with minimum sacrifice in other properties.
The behavior of polyblends may be expected to depend on the individual properties of
the components in the blend, their relative proportions, degree of heterogeneity and
the properties of the interface between the components.
Several criteria are used to define the nature of polyblends:
1. Miscibility or compatibility
2. Phase diagrams
3. Relative moduli of the components
4. The classification also depends on the polyblend method of manufacture
(melt, solution and emulsion mixing).
Polymer Blends:
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46. Electrospinning of nanofiber-coated microfibers:
Preparation of nanofiber-coated microfibers based on cellulose derivatives. The combination
of nanofibers and microfibers gives high surface area and high porosity, a combination useful
in many applications. The method used will be electrospinning. The proposed thesis work
also comprises the characterisation of these nano/micro materials.
The proposed content of the MSc thesis includes the following
•Literature study on electrospinning of cellulose materials
•Setting up and optimizing electrospinning process
•Evaluation of processes and resulted materials
The successful candidate will have background in physics and/or chemistry. The project is
interdisciplinary and involves polymer chemistry and physics and will be run as a 60 credit
points Master Thesis. The candidate will be working at Swerea IVF in Mölndal.
Figure: SEM image of a nanofiber-coated microfiber
47.
48.
49. Micro Touch Technology provides superior cleaning properties compared to most
other microfiber cloths found on the market today.
The Micro Touch Technology has been designed to lift oil and debris without smearing
them around. This is achieved in the cloth manufacturing process. The double-
brushed microfibers provide additional cleaning properties because more fibers are
exposed on the cloth face.
Microfiber & Micro Touch Technology:
50.
51.
52.
53. Microfiber textiles tend to be flammable and emit toxic gases when burning. They are
made with synthetic fibers such as polyester and nylon which are made from
petrochemicals.
Microfibers are not made from a renewable resource and are not biodegradable.
For most cleaning applications they are designed for repeated use rather than being
discarded after use (an exception is the precise cleaning of optical components
where a 'wet' cloth is drawn once across the object and must not be used again as
the debris collected and now embedded in the cloth may scratch the optical surface).
In many household cleaning applications (washing floors, furniture, etc.) microfiber
cleaning fabrics can be used without detergents or cleaning solutions which would
otherwise be needed.
Environmental and Safety Issues:
54. Finally, the entire range of polymer additives that can be used in single-polymer fibers
can also be used in one or both of the polymers in a bicomponent fiber to achieve
targeted performance characteristics. These additives include such things as colorants,
flame retardants, antimicrobials, conductive materials and carbon nanotubes, among
other additives.
With this very large matrix of material properties and ways of combining them into each
fiber, it will be apparent that bicomponent fibers are no longer a one-trick pony. Whereas
in the past, fabric design meant trying to optimize the fixed attributes of a commodity
fiber into each different application, bicomponent fibers now offer a way to engineer
finely-tuned performance into the fiber. Each application can now seek a fiber that is
precisely tailored to fit the specific needs of that application.
Conclusion:
55.
56. 1. Yarn Manufacturing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Yarn-Manufacturing-Technology/485014954866808
2. Fabric Manufacturing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Fabric-Manufacturing-Technology/459520217425605
3. Garments Manufacturing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Garments-Manufacturing-
Technology/472364799463126
3. Wet processing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Wet-Processing-Technology-Dyeing-/468645219825404
4. Fashion-Design-and-Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Fashion-Design-and-
Technology/587655294583875?ref=ts&fref=ts
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