1. 1 A PowerPoint™ Slide Presentation for Abnormal Psychology Ninth Edition 9/e Lauren B. Alloy, Ph.D. John H. Riskind, Ph.D. Margaret B. Manos Developed by Joseph A. Davis, Ph.D. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2005. This McGraw-Hill multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission over any network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

2. 2 Chapter 9 Stress and Physical Disorders

3. 3 Chapter Main Points Mind and Body Stress How Stress Influences Illness Psychological Factors and Physical Disorders Groups at Risk Stress and Illness: Theory and Therapy

4. 4 Psychological Stress and Physical Disorders Psychophysiological Disorders: (psychosomatic disorders) Illnesses influenced by emotional factors Health psychology (behavioral medicine): Holistic thinking: our way of living and state of mind affect our physical well-being

5. 5 Mind and Body Mind-body Problem: What is the relationship between the mind and the body?

6. 6 Psychological Stress Defining Stress: Stress as a stimulus: Consists of environmental demands that lead to physical responses Stress as a response: Dr. Hans Selye’s “General Adaptation Syndrome” Stress as the interaction between the stimulus and the person’s appraisal of it

7. 7 Psychological Stress Stimulus Specificity: Different kinds of stress produce different kinds of physiological response Individual Response Specificity: Characteristic patterns of physiological response which carry over from one type of stress to another

8. 8 How Stress Influences Illness Changes in Physiological Functioning: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) Changes in the immune system naturalistic major events naturalistic minor events laboratory stressors

9. 9 How Stress Influences Illness Changes in Physiological Functioning: Feedback Loops: negative feedback - the turning on of one component in a system leads to the turning off of another component oscillations - rhythmic back-and-forth cycles of the various systems in the body

10. 10 Psychological Factors and Physical Disorders Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Hypertension Cancer Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

11. 11 Psychological Factors and Physical Disorders Headache Migraine headache Muscle-contracted headache Obesity

12. 12 Psychological Factors and Physical Disorders Sleep Disorders: Insomnia: the chronic inability to sleep Circadian Rhythm Disorders: occur when people try to sleep at times that are inconsistent with circadian rhythms; the cycles dictated by their “biological clocks”

13. 13 Psychological Factors and Physical Disorders Groups at Risk: Gender Race Socioeconomic status

14. 14 Stress and Illness: Theory and Therapy The Behavioral Perspective: Respondent versus operant Biofeedback training Relaxation training Exercise

15. 15 Stress and Illness: Theory and Therapy The Cognitive Perspective: Predictability and control Stress management intervention The Psychodynamic Perspective: Psychological inhibition The value of catharsis

16. 16 Stress and Illness: Theory and Therapy The Family Systems Perspective The Sociocultural Perspective The Biological Perspective Genetic predisposition Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) and other Interactive Theories

17. 17 Stress and Illness: Theory and Therapy

18. 18 Stress and Illness: Theory and Therapy

19. 19 Recapping the Main Points Mind and Body Stress How Stress Influences Illness Psychological Factors and Physical Disorders Groups at Risk Stress and Illness: Theory and Therapy

20. 20 End of Chapter 9 Stress and Physical Disorders