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Why English is
globel
language,History
and skill.
Hello!
2
Name Roll No.
Shahid usman 20021508-002
Muhammad Ali 20021508-031
Hamza 20021508-021
Asma abbas 20021508-003
Neha bajwa 20021508-015
Asad Raza 20021508-029
Asad 20021508-028
Group E
What is language
○ Language is the primary medium of
human social interaction, and interaction
is the means through which social
relations are constructed and
maintained. It means that every people
needs and uses language as a means to
communicate to each other. People need
language to express their needs in many
aspects of life. So, as the community of
the world, people need language to be
used as a means of global
communication.
○ In this sense, our group will present
the topic about English as an a
Global language. 3
Definition of
global language
○ Smith (1976) defines an global
language as the language
which is used by people of
different nations to
communicate with one another.
4
Total language in
the world
○ Well, 6,500
languages are
spoken in the world
today. Each and
every one of them
make the world a
beautiful place.
5
6
Why we need a
global language
○ There are some reasons such as:
• United Nation and many International bodies
such as World bank were established. Around 190
countries take part in UN bodies and will be
represented in single meeting places.
• As global community, people around the world
will always keep in contact in international
forums for political, economical, educational, and
many other international affairs, and even in
private businesses. 7
○ These reasons determine
that every people in this
world need a language
which can be used
globally or internationally
as medium of
communication to enable
them to communicate
and understand each
other easily.
8
Historical
veiw of
English
9
Brief history
of english
Old
English
Early
Modren
english
Middle
english
Late
Modren
english
Old English (450-1100 AD)
○ The invading Germanic tribes spoke similar
languages, which in Britain developed into
what we now call Old English. Old English did
not sound or look like English today. Native
English speakers now would have great
difficulty understanding Old English.
Nevertheless, about half of the most
commonly used words in Modern English have
Old English roots. The words be, strong and
water, for example, derive from Old English.
Old English was spoken until around 1100. 10
Middle English (1100-1500)
○ In 1066, William the Conqueror the Duke of
Normandy (part of modern France), invaded and
conquered England. The new conquerors (called
the Normans) brought with them a kind of
French, which became the language of the Royal
Court, and the ruling and business classes. For a
period there was a kind of linguistic class
division, where the lower classes spoke English
and the upper classes spoke French. In the 14th
century English became dominant in Britain
again, but with many French words added. This
language is called Middle English. It was the
language of the great poet Chaucer (c1340-
1400), but it would still be difficult for native
English speakers to understand today. 11
Early Modern English (1500-1800)
○ Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden and
distinct change in pronunciation (the Great
Vowel Shift) started, with vowels being
pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th
century the British had contact with many
peoples from around the world. This, and the
Renaissance of Classical learning, meant that
many new words and phrases entered the
language. The invention of printing also meant
that there was now a common language in
print. Books became cheaper and more people
learned to read. Printing also brought
standardization to English. Spelling and
grammar became fixed, and the dialect of
London, where most publishing houses were,
became the standard. In 1604 the first English
dictionary was published.
12
Late Modern English (1800-Present)
○ The main difference between Early
Modern English and Late Modern
English is vocabulary. Late Modern
English has many more words,
arising from two principal factors:
firstly, the Industrial Revolution and
technology created a need for new
words; secondly, the British Empire
at its height covered one quarter of
the earth's surface, and the English
language adopted foreign words
from many countries.
13
Why English became a
global language
○ The reason why a language becomes a
Global Language is not only deals with
how many people speak it, but more
deals with who those speakers are. A
language has traditionally become an
global language for one chief reason:
“the power of its people” in many
aspects ( economical, technological,
political, and military power).
14
Economical and military power
From the time the US entered the First World War in 1917
right through to the present, the US has been one of the
major military powers in the world. The economic and
military has forced the traders and soldiers had to learn
English to do their job properly. Because industry,
exploration and military demands needed and
contributed to learning, so, a lot of scientific discourse
carried out primarily in English. The combination of
industry, trade, war, and learning all of which use
English has put English in its position as the world’s pre-
eminent language.
15
leading colonial nation(Britain)
○ Similarly, Crystal as cited by McKay also concluded
the primary reason for the spread of English
becoming an international language that: “in the
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries English was
the language of the leading colonial nation –
(Britain). In the eighteenth and the nineteenth
centuries it was the language of the leader of the
industrial revolution – also in Britain. In the late-
nineteenth century and the early twentieth century
it was the language of the leading economic power
– the (USA). As a result, when new technologies
brought new linguistic opportunities, English
emerged as a first-rank language in industries
which affected all aspects of society – the press,
advertising, broadcasting, motion pictures, sound
recording, transport and communication (Crystal
1997:110-11 in McKay, 2002:16).
16
Importance
of English
language
Importance in
education
○ English is also essential to the field
of education. In many countries,
children are taught and
encouraged to learn English as a
second language. Even in countries
where it is not an official language.
At the university level, students in
many countries study almost all
their subjects in English in order to
make the material more accessible
to international students. 18
In Internet and press
○ On the Internet, the majority of websites are
written and created in English. Even sites in
other languages often give you the option to
translate the site. It's the primary language
of the press: more newspapers and books
are written in English than in any other
language, and no matter where in the world
you are, you will find some of these books
and newspapers available. In fact, because
it is so dominant in international
communication, you will find more
information regarding nearly every subject if
you can speak this language.
19
travel around the
global
○ With good understanding and
communication in English, you
can travel around the globe.
Because it is the international
language for foreigners, it's easy
to get assistance and help in
every part of world. You can test it
by online travel. Any travel
booking site you can find will
have English as a booking option. 20
Four
language
skill of
English
Four
language
skill of
english
22
Language
skill
Listing
Speaking
Reading
Writing
Listening
○ When do we listen?
○ • Every-day life
○ • Lectures, group discussions
○ • Brainstorming, presentations
○ • Question & Answer
○ • Instructions
23
Importance of
listing
○ Importance
○ • Improves speaking and
pronunciation
○ • Develops inter-personal skills
○ • Receptive skill that needs active
participation
24
Speaking
○ When do we Speak ?
○ • Class group discussions
○ • Group task work
○ • Seminars, presentations
○ • Q & A in lectures
○ • One-to-one sessions (personal
tutor, doctor, employer etc.) SPE
25
Importance of
Speaking
○ Importance
○ • Most obvious skill
○ • Most interactive skill
○ • Develops understanding
through communication
○ • Develops inter-personal skills
(team working)
○ • Used in assessment SPEAKI 26
Reading
○ When do we read?
○ • Lectures, presentations, tutorials
○ • Coursework, research, internet
○ • Blackboard, course documents
○ • Work & home (social sight
reading)
27
Importance of
Reading
○ Importance
○ • Informs writing and writing style
○ • Develops knowledge of
language structure
○ • Develops vocabulary (specific
vocab. for subject)
○ • Register and purpose
28
Writing
○ When do we write ?
○ • Coursework
○ • Exams
○ • Lectures
○ • Tutorials
○ • Group work
○ • Presentations
29
Importance of
Writing
○ Importance
○ • Main method of assessment
○ • Strict methods and conventions in
academic writing
○ • Various formats/styles/functions
depending on subject area
○ • Essential skill for exams
○ • Errors more obvious
30
31
Thanks!
Any questions?
I hope you learn a lote.

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Why english is global language

  • 2. Hello! 2 Name Roll No. Shahid usman 20021508-002 Muhammad Ali 20021508-031 Hamza 20021508-021 Asma abbas 20021508-003 Neha bajwa 20021508-015 Asad Raza 20021508-029 Asad 20021508-028 Group E
  • 3. What is language ○ Language is the primary medium of human social interaction, and interaction is the means through which social relations are constructed and maintained. It means that every people needs and uses language as a means to communicate to each other. People need language to express their needs in many aspects of life. So, as the community of the world, people need language to be used as a means of global communication. ○ In this sense, our group will present the topic about English as an a Global language. 3
  • 4. Definition of global language ○ Smith (1976) defines an global language as the language which is used by people of different nations to communicate with one another. 4
  • 5. Total language in the world ○ Well, 6,500 languages are spoken in the world today. Each and every one of them make the world a beautiful place. 5
  • 6. 6
  • 7. Why we need a global language ○ There are some reasons such as: • United Nation and many International bodies such as World bank were established. Around 190 countries take part in UN bodies and will be represented in single meeting places. • As global community, people around the world will always keep in contact in international forums for political, economical, educational, and many other international affairs, and even in private businesses. 7
  • 8. ○ These reasons determine that every people in this world need a language which can be used globally or internationally as medium of communication to enable them to communicate and understand each other easily. 8
  • 9. Historical veiw of English 9 Brief history of english Old English Early Modren english Middle english Late Modren english
  • 10. Old English (450-1100 AD) ○ The invading Germanic tribes spoke similar languages, which in Britain developed into what we now call Old English. Old English did not sound or look like English today. Native English speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English. Nevertheless, about half of the most commonly used words in Modern English have Old English roots. The words be, strong and water, for example, derive from Old English. Old English was spoken until around 1100. 10
  • 11. Middle English (1100-1500) ○ In 1066, William the Conqueror the Duke of Normandy (part of modern France), invaded and conquered England. The new conquerors (called the Normans) brought with them a kind of French, which became the language of the Royal Court, and the ruling and business classes. For a period there was a kind of linguistic class division, where the lower classes spoke English and the upper classes spoke French. In the 14th century English became dominant in Britain again, but with many French words added. This language is called Middle English. It was the language of the great poet Chaucer (c1340- 1400), but it would still be difficult for native English speakers to understand today. 11
  • 12. Early Modern English (1500-1800) ○ Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden and distinct change in pronunciation (the Great Vowel Shift) started, with vowels being pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th century the British had contact with many peoples from around the world. This, and the Renaissance of Classical learning, meant that many new words and phrases entered the language. The invention of printing also meant that there was now a common language in print. Books became cheaper and more people learned to read. Printing also brought standardization to English. Spelling and grammar became fixed, and the dialect of London, where most publishing houses were, became the standard. In 1604 the first English dictionary was published. 12
  • 13. Late Modern English (1800-Present) ○ The main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English is vocabulary. Late Modern English has many more words, arising from two principal factors: firstly, the Industrial Revolution and technology created a need for new words; secondly, the British Empire at its height covered one quarter of the earth's surface, and the English language adopted foreign words from many countries. 13
  • 14. Why English became a global language ○ The reason why a language becomes a Global Language is not only deals with how many people speak it, but more deals with who those speakers are. A language has traditionally become an global language for one chief reason: “the power of its people” in many aspects ( economical, technological, political, and military power). 14
  • 15. Economical and military power From the time the US entered the First World War in 1917 right through to the present, the US has been one of the major military powers in the world. The economic and military has forced the traders and soldiers had to learn English to do their job properly. Because industry, exploration and military demands needed and contributed to learning, so, a lot of scientific discourse carried out primarily in English. The combination of industry, trade, war, and learning all of which use English has put English in its position as the world’s pre- eminent language. 15
  • 16. leading colonial nation(Britain) ○ Similarly, Crystal as cited by McKay also concluded the primary reason for the spread of English becoming an international language that: “in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries English was the language of the leading colonial nation – (Britain). In the eighteenth and the nineteenth centuries it was the language of the leader of the industrial revolution – also in Britain. In the late- nineteenth century and the early twentieth century it was the language of the leading economic power – the (USA). As a result, when new technologies brought new linguistic opportunities, English emerged as a first-rank language in industries which affected all aspects of society – the press, advertising, broadcasting, motion pictures, sound recording, transport and communication (Crystal 1997:110-11 in McKay, 2002:16). 16
  • 18. Importance in education ○ English is also essential to the field of education. In many countries, children are taught and encouraged to learn English as a second language. Even in countries where it is not an official language. At the university level, students in many countries study almost all their subjects in English in order to make the material more accessible to international students. 18
  • 19. In Internet and press ○ On the Internet, the majority of websites are written and created in English. Even sites in other languages often give you the option to translate the site. It's the primary language of the press: more newspapers and books are written in English than in any other language, and no matter where in the world you are, you will find some of these books and newspapers available. In fact, because it is so dominant in international communication, you will find more information regarding nearly every subject if you can speak this language. 19
  • 20. travel around the global ○ With good understanding and communication in English, you can travel around the globe. Because it is the international language for foreigners, it's easy to get assistance and help in every part of world. You can test it by online travel. Any travel booking site you can find will have English as a booking option. 20
  • 23. Listening ○ When do we listen? ○ • Every-day life ○ • Lectures, group discussions ○ • Brainstorming, presentations ○ • Question & Answer ○ • Instructions 23
  • 24. Importance of listing ○ Importance ○ • Improves speaking and pronunciation ○ • Develops inter-personal skills ○ • Receptive skill that needs active participation 24
  • 25. Speaking ○ When do we Speak ? ○ • Class group discussions ○ • Group task work ○ • Seminars, presentations ○ • Q & A in lectures ○ • One-to-one sessions (personal tutor, doctor, employer etc.) SPE 25
  • 26. Importance of Speaking ○ Importance ○ • Most obvious skill ○ • Most interactive skill ○ • Develops understanding through communication ○ • Develops inter-personal skills (team working) ○ • Used in assessment SPEAKI 26
  • 27. Reading ○ When do we read? ○ • Lectures, presentations, tutorials ○ • Coursework, research, internet ○ • Blackboard, course documents ○ • Work & home (social sight reading) 27
  • 28. Importance of Reading ○ Importance ○ • Informs writing and writing style ○ • Develops knowledge of language structure ○ • Develops vocabulary (specific vocab. for subject) ○ • Register and purpose 28
  • 29. Writing ○ When do we write ? ○ • Coursework ○ • Exams ○ • Lectures ○ • Tutorials ○ • Group work ○ • Presentations 29
  • 30. Importance of Writing ○ Importance ○ • Main method of assessment ○ • Strict methods and conventions in academic writing ○ • Various formats/styles/functions depending on subject area ○ • Essential skill for exams ○ • Errors more obvious 30
  • 31. 31 Thanks! Any questions? I hope you learn a lote.