parts of speech

MINAHIL MALIK MARIA AYUB
AYESHA SADDIQUA SAWERA MUQADAS

 Noun is the name of a
 Person (father, Ahmed, manager)
 Place (royal palace, mosque)
 Thing (Toyota, book)
 Idea (unity, ability , determination)

 COMMON NOUN
 PROPER NOUN
 COLLECTIVE NOUN
 MATERIAL NOUN
 ABSTRACT NOUN

 It is the name which is common to any
person or thing of the same kind.
 For example :This is a book
 City
 Table
 Book
 Man
 Bird
 Flower

 It is the name of a particular person, place
or thing.
 Examples :This is emporium mall.
 Saim
 Peshawar
 Emporium
 Sindh
 Europe

 It is the name of a number of things or
persons taken together.
 Examples:This is a set of cutlery.
 Class
 Crowd
 Procession
 Shoal of fish
 Family
 Army

 Material nouns are names of materials which
things are made of.
 Examples :
 Wood , iron , plastic, cement

 It is the name of a quality,condition,etc
which cannot be seen or felt.
 Examples :
 Bravery
 Ability
 Dishonesty
 Poverty
 Happiness

 A pronoun is a word used in placeof a noun.
 Examples
 It
 He
 She
 They
 Himself
 We

 Personal pronoun
 Reflexive and intensive pronoun
 Indefinate pronouns
 Interrogative pronoun
 Demonstrative pronoun
 Relative pronouns

 Personal pronouns in their different forms
show person , number, gender (whether male
or female)
 Examples
 ( I , she, him, we ,us, your, yourself)

 REFLEXIVE PRONOUN
 In a reflexive pronoun the action or thought
is sent back to the subject.
 Examples ( myself, yourself, herself,
yourselves, ourselves, itself)
 you have harmed yourselves in this matter.

 It emphasizes to the subject
 EXAMPLE:
 I myself…
 She herself…

 Indefinite pronouns refer to people, places
or things in general.
 Examples

 These pronouns tell which one or which
group of persons, places or things are
 Examples
 This
 That
 These
 Those

 These pronouns refer to an earlier noun,
sentence or part of a sentence.
 Examples
 Who
 Whom
 Which
 Whose
 That

 These pronouns introduce questions.
 Examples
 Who
 Whom
 Which
 Whose
 What

 The word which is used to describe or qualify
or add meaning to noun or pronoun.
 EXAMPLE:
 Taste
 Colour
 size

 Descriptive adjective
 Quantitative adjective
 Adjective of number
 Demonstrative adjective
 Interrogative adjective

 It shows the quality of a person , place ,or a
thing.
 EXAMPLE:
 Big
 Wise
 Dangerous
 This is a ROUND
ball. Round
is adjective
in this sentence.

 It shows the quantity of a thing or nature of
quantity.
 EXAMPLE:
 Little
 Some
 Much
 Enough

 It indicates number or order and are also
called limiting adjective.
 EXAMPLE:
 One
 Two
 Three

 It point out (bring to notice) things to notice.
 EXAMPLE:
 This
 That
 This
 Those

 These are question words functioning as
adjective.
 EXAMPLE:
 What
 Which
 whose

 Verb is word which describe an action ,
state, or occurrence, and forming the main
part of a sentence.

 Action verb
 Auxiliary verb
 Phrasal verb
 Irregular verb
 Stative verb

 Words that express action is called action
verb.
 EXAMPLE:
 Play
 Kick
 Run

 These verbs are used together with main
verb to show the verb’s tense.
 EXAMPLE:
 Is
 Am
 Are
 Was
 Has
 Have

 Phrasal verb is a combination of words
(verb+ preposition+ adverb) that when used
together gives a different meaning than
original verb.
 EXAMPLE:
 Try on
 Dress up

 Verbs that do not have a regular –d , -ed ,or –
ied spelling patterns for past forms of verb.
 EXAMPLE:
 Cut – cut
 Dig – dig
 Break –
broke

 It express state rather than an action. They
relate thoughts, relationship, emotions etc.
 EXAMPLE:
 Paul feels rotten today.

 An adverb is a word that is used to change or
qualify the meaning of an adjective, a verb,
another adverb, or any other type of word or
phrase with the exception of determiners
and adjectives that directly modify nouns.
 EXAMPLE:
 She drives
carefully.

 There are 5 types of adverbs.
 Adverb of time
 Adverb of frequency
 Adverb of manner
 Adverb of place
 Adverb of degree

 Adverbs that change or qualify the meaning
of a sentence by telling us when things
happen are defined as adverbs of time.
 EXAMLPE:
 She stayed
at her
grandmother’s
house all day

of a sentence by telling us how often or how
frequently something happens are defined as
adverbs of frequency.
 EXAMPLE:
 They have often
visited Europe.

 Adverbs of manner describe how something
happens.
 EXAMPLE:
 The boys ran quickly.

of a sentence by telling us where things
happen are defined as adverbs of place.
 EXAMPLE:
 Put the
cake there.

 An adverb of degree is used to discuss the
EXTENT of an adjective, an action, or
another adverb.
 EXAMPLE:
 Absolutely
 Barely
 Completely
 Deeply
 Enough
 Enormously

 A conjunction is a part of speech that is used
to connect words, phrases, clauses, or
sentences.
 EXAMPLE: I work busily yet carefully.

 There are 3 types of conjunction
 Subordinating conjunctions – Also known as
subordinators, these conjunctions join
dependent clauses to independent clauses.
 Coordinating conjunction – Also known as
coordinators, these conjunctions join two or
more sentences, main clauses, words, or other
parts of speech which are of the same syntactic
importance.
 Correlative conjunction – These conjunctions
correlate, working in pairs to join phrases or
words that carry equal importance within a
sentence.

 An interjection is a part of speech that
shows the emotion or feeling. These words or
phrases can stand alone or be placed before
or after a sentence. Many times
an interjection is followed by an
exclamation mark.

 A preposition is a word used to
link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other
words within a sentence. Prepositions are
usually short words, and they are normally
placed directly in front of nouns.

parts of speech

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