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1. PERCEPTION DEVELOPING
PSYCHOLOGY CAPSTONE EXAMPLE
INTRODUCTION
Our way of experiencing the world is possible thanks to what we call perception,
which is additionally conditioned by biological and cultural predispositions. In order to speak
about perception, what it encompasses and what it is, we need to know the ways it is created.
Perception is the process in which the brain organizes the data obtained through senses and
shapes them as a meaningful whole. As a complex activity of the organism, perception is
made up of its components of organizing, integrating and interpreting sensory information
that enable knowing and recognition of the surrounding world. The origin of the images that
we have built on the world in which we live are framed by our mental abilities, that is, from
our head stems from the works that this world constructs. As is well known, more than 80%
of the information about the world around us is perceived through visual observation, though
perceiving in general means experiencing the outside world with the whole body and all the
senses. In this paper, the focus is on visual perception. Also, talking about the development of
perception involves incorporating a scientific-research aspect for understanding the
function of the brain during the perceptual process, and thinking of the developmental
perceptual understanding of man as a perceptual being within his environment. In addition,
we should pay attention to the world we know today and influence the visual content of an
individual in the area of pedagogy methodology. It should be kept in mind how much the
visual culture and visual language are an important tool in the time of the rapid flow of
information and how important it is to raise the eyesight and what connection it has with the
free will of thinking. We need to be aware of how important it is to activate visualization for
the purpose of visual letters; not only acquaintances of visual language on examples of
works of art, but individuals, active observers of the world as a whole.
The civilization of man, which we can observe through the use and development of
language, and through the mega development of science and technology, has led to a man's
concept of himself as a being with a sovereign dominance of the rational mind. To
understand such a man's development, we need to know how a triumph of reason has come
to pass. It started with the Aristotle's establishment of man as a rational animal. This attitude
of man implied the suppression and even rejection of the physical aspect. The Western man,
deeply divided, has established a polarizing and hierarchical system of rational as the higher
and the bodily as a subordinate part. From such a tradition came the accepted statement of
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2. PERCEPTION DEVELOPING
PSYCHOLOGY CAPSTONE EXAMPLE
French mathematician and philosopher René Descartes: "I mean, therefore I exist!".
Throughout history, a great deal of controversy over the idea of man's rational mind as the
central and most important occurrence has occurred and some of them have largely
changed the view or perception of the whole world. An example of this is the decentralization
of man, who in the Renaissance himself considered the center of the world, and which
escalated to Copernicus's establishment of the heliocentric system in the field of astronomy.
Or by relativizing a man's privileged position in relation to the rest of the world through the
emergence of Darwin's theory, which defines man as a result of natural selection and
adaptation through the evolution of a man of lower but close kin relatives. With Freud's re-
imagination of the body as unconscious and emotional, the idea of man was struck as an
exclusively rational being. The very idea of a triumph of mind over the underlying bodily
perception of the world, through the centuries to the present, loses its absolute meaning. The
statement: "I Feel, So I Exist," whose creator neuroscientist Antonio Damasio, calls into
question the superiority of the rational mind. Although man is a reasonable animal, mindful
and conscious of himself, he carries evolutionary traces that we can identify as animal. If it
is considered to be physically or mentally non-controlled by the conscious mind, the
question arises as to whether there is a division of the dividing line, or unconsciously and
ultimately, physically affecting the mental.
The polarity of the mind and body should not be emphasized for the purpose of
separation, but should be fully understood. The heaviness of the notion of a rational mind as
dominant is so influential that in the field of classical neuroscience the body is categorized
as a periphery and exclusively in the function of a moving statist whose task is to supply the
mind as the center of the nervous system. But with emotions and intuition. Are those
manifestations of the brain or are they something different? A man, regardless of age, sex,
cultural heritage, society, and worldview, binds intuitive emotions to the abdominal cavity
for which science has confirmed with results of experiments. Numerous studies have
revealed neuroscience to a stunning discovery of the existence of "brain" in the abdomen. The
later finding of serotonin in the human body, which is considered to be a good mood, comes
to know its origins. Studies have shown that 95% of serotonin is synthesized and stored in
the intestines. Such a complex system makes about 100 million nerves, which are located in
the mucous membrane, also called "second brain" because it is produced from the same
tissue as the central nervous system and has structural and chemical similarities to the
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3. PERCEPTION DEVELOPING
PSYCHOLOGY CAPSTONE EXAMPLE
brain. But what is the relationship between serotonin and brain? Serotonin is a
neurotransmitter chemical that regulates functions such as fine muscular contraction,
temperature regulation, appetite, pain, behavior, blood pressure and breathing. When in
balance, it gives a sense of satisfaction and mental relaxation. Too or too little serotonin
leads to abnormal mental states, such as depression. What we can conclude from this is that
the "belly" of the belly is for those physical activities that were considered lower and
inexplicable for a long time. When we know about serotonin's influence on mood swings, we
can associate it with perception because perception is largely conditioned by emotional
filters. The same objectivity of observation largely depends on the environment and its
changes. At the same time, stressful or easy-going situations with an emotional state and
beliefs, both collectively and personally, can determine how and what we will see. Take for
example the situation in which the dog runs towards a person. This situation can be viewed
from a multitude of different views. Dog can be a potential danger or a pleasant occurrence
for that person. This can also be seen in the example of a football match - at the level of
euphoria and enthusiasm, a lot of this can be unmistakable, while in the last minutes of the
game for fear of defeat, every move is dramatic.
Now that we know very well that the brain is not completely dominant in the
cognitive process of man or perception, perhaps the mind and body should be re-examined
and reconstruct these two polarities and place them in a systemic whole. The linkage of the
other brain, that is, emotionality and experience, comes especially to memory, because
memories work through associations that are conditioned by emotional states. The organism
is guided by what it has a subjective meaning for it, and it is regularly emotionally charged.
The aforementioned neuroscientist Antonio Damasio in his written work, "Descartes's Error,"
draws from scientific research practice the thesis that all of our experience, all the
procedures and the physical, are registered as a pleasure or as an embarrassment, giving all
the seal of something positive or negative. Talking about emotions as body feelings, about
what unconsciously supports our reactions to the world, we observe unconsciousness about
the physical mind as something that voluntary consciousness has no control, that is, about
automatism routine and spontaneous performance such as breathing, heartbeat, digestion,
etc. But if there are not those unconscious actions, more specifically if we were aware of
those actions, they hardly affect those conscious activities such as thinking about
something. What we know about the mind is that it is rational as much as it is emotional,
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4. PERCEPTION DEVELOPING
PSYCHOLOGY CAPSTONE EXAMPLE
intuitive as well as logical, and its constitution is also aided by lyricism and logic. In the
process of changing the environment and influencing the environment through perception, it
comes to mindful action on itself, i.e., the mind transforms itself into a two-way game of
relationship between interior and exterior. The mind because of its interaction with the
environment, both physically and culturally, is not just a mere reflection of the outside
world. It is creative, from simple to complex, from instruments to orchestral symphonies,
and in its game it helps to create more. What can be recognized in the example of life
between the embodiment of the performer and the environment, their constant causative
consequence in which the environment acts on the actor, who again acts on the
environment, and then the change of environment acts on the performer and other
practitioners, thereby creating the ability of collective behavior, collective intentions and
ultimately culture.
REFERENCES
Damasio, A. R. (1994). Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain. New York:
G.P. Putnam.
Westen, D. (1999). Psychology: Mind, Brain, and Culture (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley &
Sons.
Eagly, A. H., and Chaiken, S. (1992). The Psychology of Attitudes. San Diego, CA: Harcourt
Brace.
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