In this session, Lee will cover the top 10 new features of ECMAScript 2015, their benefits, and go through code examples of how to use them. She will also talk about ECMAScript 2015 compatibilities and incompatibilities with the most widely used browsers today, and how you should plan on developing your applications with ECMAScript 2015.
SenchaCon 2016: Learn the Top 10 Best ES2015 Features - Lee Boonstra
1. Learn the Top 10 best
ECMAScript 2015 features
Lee Boonstra
@ladysign
2. “What you know as JavaScript in browsers and Node.js is actually a
superset of ECMAScript.
Browsers and Node.js add more functionality through additional
objects and methods, but the core of the language remains as defined
in ECMAScript."
4. Terminology
• JavaScript - The language name
• ECMAScript - The name of the standard
• Transpiler - Transforms ES2015 code to the JavaScript that currently
supported in our browsers.
• TypeScript - A programming language, which is a superset of JS that aims
to align with ES2015, by Microsoft. Compiles to plain JavaScript, because of
definition files it can contain type information.
6. About Compatibility
You can find an overview of compatibility, in one of these ECMAScript 2015
compatibility tables: http://kangax.github.io/compat-table/es6/
ES2015 Implementations:
• V8 (Chrome, Node.js, Opera)
• JavaScript Core (Webkit, Safari)
• Chakra (MS Edge)
• SpiderMonkey (Firefox)
• Mobile (iOS 9+, Android 4.4+)
10. What’s hoisting?
Variable declarations using var are treated
as if they are at the top of the function (or
global scope, if declared outside of a
function) regardless of where these were
placed.
11. Hoisting explained
You might have seen something like this before:
foo()executes here:
(function() {
console.log(typeof foo); // prints "function"
foo(); // logs "hello sencha"
function foo() { console.log("hello sencha!");
}
})();
12. Hoisting explained
But here it won't...
(function() {
console.log(typeof foo); // prints "undefined"
foo(); // Error: foo is not a function
var foo = function() {
console.log("hello sencha!");
}
})();
13. Hoisting explained
This is how the browser interprets it:
// prints "undefined"
(function() {
var foo;
console.log(typeof foo);
function anon() {
console.log("hello sencha!");
} //some anonymous function
foo(); // Error: foo is not a function
//bind anonymous function to foofoo = anon;
})();
Get the code: http://bit.ly/2aAvlpS
14. Block level declarations
ECMAScript 2015 defines block-level declarations.
With those you can declare variables that are inaccessible outside of a given block
scope. Block scopes, also called lexical scopes, are created:
1. Inside of a function
2. Inside of a block (indicated by the { and } characters)
15. Let Declaration
The let declaration syntax is almost the same as the syntax for var.
(function() {
console.log(typeof foo); // ReferenceError: can't access
foo(); // I won't even get here.
let foo = function() {
console.log("hello sencha!");
}
})();
Get the code: http://bit.ly/2aAvlpS
16. Can only be declared once in the same scope
Below gives a syntax error because you can’t re- declare an identifier within
the same (block) scope:
var baz = "sencha";
let baz = "extjs";
SyntaxError: redeclaration of non-configurable global property baz
17. Creates new identifier in a new block scope
This time it won't throw an error:
var baz = "sencha";
if(true){
let baz = "extjs";
//let baz is extjs, but var baz is still sencha
}
console.log(baz); //logs sencha
extjsNote, it doesn’t log , because let baz is only available
within its own block scope.
18. Constant declarations
You can also define declarations in ES2015 with the const declaration syntax.
These values cannot be changed once set.
const LIVEURL = "http://www.sencha.com/feed.json";
19. Example of errors
The first example is missing initialization. The second example throws a type
error because you can’t assign a new variable to a constant.
const LIVEURL= "http://www.sencha.com/feed.json";
LIVEURL = "http://www.leeboonstra.com/feed.json";
//TypeError: invalid assignment to const `liveUrl'
const LOCALURL;
//syntax error, missing = in const declaration
20. This will run perfectly fine
It prevents the modification of the binding, not the value itself.
const URLS = {};
URLS.LIVE ="http://www.sencha.com/feed.json";
URLS.LIVE ="http://www.leeboonstra.com/feed.json";
URLS.LOCAL = "http://localhost/feed.json";
console.log(URLS);
//Object { live: "http://www.leeboonstra.com/feed.json",
//local: "http://localhost/feed.json" }
21. Gotcha
• var declarations are hoisted to the top of the function scope
• Use let for setting declarations in block scopes
• Use const for declarations that can’t change the binding
• Be careful when you are replacing var for let and const.
• let and const can create dead zones
• Variables are meant for changing the values! A constant not.
23. About Default Parameters
Prior to ECMAScript 2015, code would look like this script. You'll have to pass
in the url parameter, but timeout and callback are optional.
function makeRequest(url, timeout, callback) {
timeout = (typeof timeout !== "undefined") ? timeout : 2000;
callback = callback || function() {};
//do something
}
24. Default function parameters
With ECMAScript 2015, you can actually provide default function parameters:
function makeRequest (url, timeout = 2000,
callback = function() {}
) {
//do something
}
Get the code:
http://bit.ly/2axL0J5
25. Gotcha
• Default parameters, can keep your function bodies clean, without re-defining
and assigning values to inner variables.
27. ES5 JavaScript Strings
• JavaScript always lacked, when we are talking about Strings, especially
when talking about:
- Multiline strings
- HTML escaping
- Basic string formatting
28. Multiline Strings
Example ES5 way of dealing with multiline Strings:
var product = "Sencha";
var myText = product + " provides the industry's most "
+ "comprehensive collection of high‐performance, " +
"customizable UI widgets.These "widgets" include: " +
"HTML5 grids, trees, lists, forms, menus, toolbars," +
"panels, windows, and much more.";
29. Multiline Strings
Here's how it looks in ES2015:
let product = "Sencha";
let myText = `${product} provides the industry's most
comprehensive collection of high‐performance, customizable UI
widgets. These "widgets" include HTML5 grids, trees, lists,
forms, menus, toolbars, panels, windows, and much more.`;
Get the code:
http://bit.ly/2azCR78
30. Tagged Templates
Template functions, a template tag performs a transformation on the template
literal and returns the final string value.
function mytag(arrLiterals){
return arrLiterals[0].toUpperCase();
}
let message = mytag`hello world!`; //HELLO WORLD!
Get the code:
http://bit.ly/2aT6eiO
31. Gotcha
• `Multiline Strings` FTW!
• For easy mixing single and double quotes
• String substitution (placeholders in Strings)
• Tagged templates are like template functions in JS.
34. Arrow Functions
Arrow functions, are a new syntax for functions, defined with an arrow.
Consider the following ES5 functions:
var calculate = function(x,y){
return x + y;
}
var sayHello = function(name){
return "Hello " + name;
}
calculate(5,10); //returns: 15
sayHello('Lee'); //returns: Hello Lee
35. Arrow Functions
And compare these to the following new syntax:
let calculate = (x,y) => {
return x + y;
}
let sayHello = (name) => {
return "Hello " + name;
}
calculate(5,10); //returns: 15
sayHello('Lee'); //returns: Hello Lee
36. Arrow Functions
This would work as well:
let calculate = (x,y) => x + y;
let sayHello = (name) => "Hello " + name;
Get the code:
http://bit.ly/2b7G8Gz
37. Be aware
Arrow functions could slightly behave different compared to traditional
JavaScript functions:
• No this, super, arguments
• No duplicated named arguments
• Can not be called with new
• No prototype
• You can’t change this
• Lexical this
38. Lexical
Remember var me = this; or var self = this; ? Often used when working
with callbacks, to refer to the original scope, while the current scope changed,
because of a callback.
this
function VideoGame(){ //ES5
var me = this; me.title = "Uncharted", me.version =
3;
setInterval(function() {
return me.title + " " + me.version++;
console.log("1:", this); //Context is
Window console.log("2:", me);
//Context is VideoGame()
}, 5000);
}
39. Lexical
• An arrow function does not create it's own this scope, rather it captures the
this value of the enclosing scope.
function VideoGame(){
this.title = “Uncharted”;
this.version = 3;
setInterval(() => {
console.log(this.title + " " + this.version++);
// |this| properly refers to the VideoGame object
}, 5000);
}
Get the code: http://bit.ly/2azNHae
this
40. Gotcha
• Arrow functions =>, write less code
• Ideal for callback function / inline functions.
• When working in teams, make sure everyone understands.
• Be aware:
• No arguments
• Can not create instance with new
• No prototype
• Lexical this
I’ve created examples for this, which I will leave in the slidedeck.
43. ES5: Working with Objects
In ES5 you would do something like this:
var logo = myobject.logo.small.png;
var small = myobject.logo.small;
var company = myobject.name;
console.log(logo); //Sencha
console.log(small); // { png: "http://path/to/small.png",
//jpg: "http://path/to/small.jpg" }
console.log(company); //http://path/to/small.jpg
44. ES2015: Object Destructuring
Compare this to the ES2015 way, with object destructuring:
let { name, logo : { small : { jpg } } } = myobject;
console.log(name); //Sencha
console.log(small); // { png: "http://path/to/small.png",
//jpg: "http://path/to/small.jpg" }
console.log(jpg); //http://path/to/small.jpg
Get the code:
http://bit.ly/2aDgsmT
45. ES2015: Array Destructuring
You can also destruct arrays:
let myarray = ["Ext JS", "GXT", "Sencha Test"];
let [myvar1, myvar2, myvar3] = myarray;
console.log(myvar1, myvar2, myvar3) //Ext JS GXT Sencha Test
Get the code:
http://bit.ly/2aA099W
46. Gotcha
• Extract data from Arrays and Objects
• Ideal for when working with deeply nested Objects. No longer you need to
create extra variables with dot-notation.
48. ES5: For loops
ES5 has various ways to loop through
array elements and objects.
• ES5 for loop
• ES5 forEach() loop,
can’t break, continue and return
• ES5 for in, iterates through object properties
var array = ["a", "b", "c"];
Var obj = {
firstname: "Lee", lastname: "Boonstra"
};
//1)
for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
console.log(array[i]);
}
//2)
array.forEach(function(element) {
console.log(element);
});
//3)
for(prop in obj) {
console.log(prop + " = " + obj[prop]);
}
49. For of loop
New in ES2015, the for...of statement creates a loop iterating over iterable objects
(including Array, Map, Set, String, arguments object etc…)
var array = ["a","b","c","d"];
for(i of array){
console.log(i);
if(i == "c") return;
}
50. Gotcha
• ES6 For of loop, most concise, direct syntax yet for looping through array elements
• ..but, the old-fashioned ES5 for loop just performs better
• https://www.incredible-web.com/blog/performance-of-for-loops-with-javascript/
53. ES2015: Object.is()
This method performs strict equality on any value, effectively becoming a
safer version of === when dealing with special JavaScript values:
console.log(Object.is(5, 5)); // true
console.log(Object.is(5, "5")); // false
console.log(Object.is(+0, ‐0)); // false <‐‐‐‐ Oh, OK!
console.log(Object.is(NaN, NaN)); // true <‐‐‐ Oh, OK!
Get the code:
http://bit.ly/2b8o9AB
54. ES2015: Object.assign()
This method makes it easier to change multiple properties on a single object at
once.
function Observable() { }
Observable.prototype = {
constructor: EventTarget,
on: function() { console.log("An event happened.") }
}
let SomeObject = {}
Object.assign(SomeObject, Observable.prototype);
SomeObject.on("customevent"); //An event happened.
Get the code:
http://bit.ly/2b2KB0E
55. More New Methods
There are much more new methods available in ES2015.
New methods on the following prototypes:
• Object
• Array
• Number
• Math
56. Gotcha
• Object.is() – Equality checking, the right way
• Object.asign() – Ideal for coding Mixin patterns
• More new methods on prototypes of:
• Object - http://bit.ly/2cbFU3l
• Array - http://bit.ly/2co0yNn
• Number & Math - http://bit.ly/2cnDRb0
58. Async JavaScript
Promises are new to ECMAScript 2015, and helps you with dealing with
asynchronous code.
JavaScript code is single threaded:
• Code executes from top to bottom
• Right after each other
• 2 bits of code cannot run at the same time
59. Event Loop
• The Event Loop is a queue of callback functions. When the JS engine sees
an async method, that method is pushed into the queue.
60.
61. ES5: Callbacks
//Node.js Example
var done = function(err, jobs){
res.render("myview", {
user : req.user,
jobs: jobs
});
};
getJobs = function(req, done){
// Something asynchronous: MongoDB,
// request jobs from a database
Job.findJobsOfUser(req.user._id, function(err, jobs){
if(err) throw err;
done(null, jobs);
});
}
var jobs = getJobs(req, done);
63. ES2015: Promises (2)
function getJobs(req){
var promise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
//Something asynchronous: MongoDB,
//request jobs from a database
Job.findJobsOfUser(req.user._id, function (err, jobs) {
if (err) reject(err); //reject the promise
else resolve(jobs); //or resolve the promise
});
});
return promise;
}
The advantage of this piece of code, is that it’s better readable and
maintainable. Get the code: http://bit.ly/2b91GW9
64. Gotcha
• When you deal with callbacks, (async ), you pass a function in a function and you
deal with success and failure.
• The result of an async task (promise) can be fulfilled or rejected. It makes async JS
better readable.
• Promises are chainable.
67. Just Syntactical Sugar
The class syntax is not introducing a
new object-oriented inheritance model to JavaScript.
They mainly provide more convenient syntax to create old-
school constructor functions.
68. ES5: Class-like definition
var Character = function (name, type, universe) {
this.name = name;
this.type = type;
this.universe = universe;
};
Character.prototype.introduce = function () {
return "I am " + this.name + ". A " + this.type +
" from " + this.universe + ".";
};
var batman = new Character("Batman", "superhero", "DC");
batman.introduce(); //I am Batman. A superhero from DC.
69. ES2015: Class-like definition
class Character {
constructor(name, type, universe){
this.name = name; this.type = type;
this.universe = universe;
}
introduce() {
return "I am " + this.name + ". A " + this.type + " from "
+ this.universe + ".";
}
}
typeof Character; //"function"
let batman = new Character("Batman", "superhero", "DC");
batman.introduce(); //I am Batman. A superhero from DC.
73. ES2015: Class inheritance (3)
var chewbacca = new
Wookiee("Chewbacca");
chewbacca.introduce();
//I am Chewbacca. A wookiee from Star Wars.
chewbacca.talk();
//Uughguughhhghghghhhgh raaaaaahhgh Millenium Falcon
var chief = new Wookiee("Chief");
chief.introduce();
//I am Chief. A wookiee from Star Wars.
chief.talk();
//Uughguughhhghghghhhgh raaaaaahhgh
74. Static Methods
Static methods are methods which can be accessed as
classname.methodName() instead of classInstanceName.methodName().
75. ES2015: Static Method (1)
class SuperHero {
constructor(name, ability){
this._name = name;
this._ability = ability;
}
setAbility(name){
this._ability = name;
}
getAbility(){ return this._ability;}
..
static getMarvelFact() {
return "Marvel Comics is the common name and" +
" primary imprint of Marvel Worldwide Inc.";
}
}
76. ES2015: Static Method (2)
//Create an object
var spiderman = new SuperHero();
spiderman.setName("Spiderman");
spiderman.getMarvelFact();
//TypeError: spiderman.getMarvelFact is not a function
//Static Method from ClassName
SuperHero.getMarvelFact(); //Marvel Comics is...
Get the code:
http://bit.ly/2arntnv
77. Gotcha
• ES2015 classes, syntactical sugar, the type is a function under the hood
• Class syntax
• Inheritance: ES2015 classes can extend classes
• Static Classes
79. ES2015: Modules
Other languages have packages
Before ES2015, JavaScript shared only one global scope which can cause
collisions and security problems.
ES2015 Goal: solve the scope problem:
No module code executes until requested modules are available
and processed.
80. Modules are JavaScript files that are loaded in a different mode, than scripts.
Here are some differences:
1. Module code automatically runs in strict mode, you can’t opt-out.
2. Variables created in the top level of a module aren’t automatically added to the
shared global scope. It only exist in the module.
3. The value of this in the top level of a module is undefined.
4. Modules must export anything that should be available to code outside of the
module.
5. Modules may import bindings from other modules.
81. Example Module (1)
libs/leftpad.js
function leftPadFunction (str, len, ch)
{ str = String(str);
var i = ‐1;
if (!ch && ch !== 0) ch = ' ';
len = len ‐ str.length;
while (++i < len) {
str = ch + str;
}
return str;
}
//export leftPadFunction;
module.export {
leftpad: leftPadFunction
}
82. Example Module (2)
app.js
//import * as leftpad from '../leftpad‐module';
import leftpad from '../leftpad‐module';
leftpad("lee", 5, "‐") //"‐‐lee"
leftpad("9", 3, "0") //"009"
Get the code:
http://bit.ly/2aH4QPc
83. Gotcha
• ES2015 answer to packages
• Fix global scope problem (collisions)
• Modules run in a different mode than script
• this in top level of the module equals undefined
• Modules must export anything that should be available to code outside of
the module.
85. More ECMAScript 2015
There are more nice ECMAScript 2015 features which didn’t fit in my
presentation top 10:
• Spread Operator
• Maps, Weakmaps, Sets & Weaksets
• Generators
• …
See also: http://bit.ly/2clUmIy
88. Not all ES2015 features are new to Ext devs
Some of these new ES2015 features already exist for years in Ext JS, and they
are more advanced.
ES2015
Tagged Template Templates
Ext
Ext.XTemplate
Object.is() Ext.Object.equals()
Object.assign() Ext.apply()
Promises Ext.Promise
Classes Ext.Base
Modules Ext.Loader
89. There’s ES2015 support in Sencha Cmd 6.5
• This will require tooling. Our frameworks have to
deal with legacy browsers.
• Sencha will need a transpiler to compile back to
old fashioned ES5 code.
• Our goal is to let your ES2015 code run together
with the Sencha framework code.
• Cmd is Java based! With Sencha Cmd 6.5, code
gets transpiled! Under the hood, we will use
Google Closure Compiler. (We replaced Rhino)
90. Be aware of the transpiler!
• If you need to use it, you owe yourself to check the output and end
result
• Transpilers generate code which is supported by the current
browsers. It might not be the code what you would expected.
91. ES2015 support in the next major Ext JS version
• Next Ext JS version will make changes in the class system
Ext.Base
• Write ES2015 “class” syntax to extend from Sencha classes
• New tooling, Node.js / NPM based with integration of Babel. Will
allow TypeScript support.
Welcome! This presentation in about the new ECMAScript 2015.
You might have seen the announcements yesterday in the keynote.
We support the latest ECMAScript standard. How many of you have seen Don’s presentation yesterday? He spoke about the new framework, and how the new Ext JS framework will make changes in the class system to support ES6.
My talk, is more about ES6, or ES2015 in general. So what’s ECMAScript? The JavaScript that you know from your browser or Node JS runtime is actually a superset of ECMAScript. It’s a standard, written by the ECMA International in Geneva.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecma_International – ECMA INTERNATIONAL IN GENEVA. Small and large companies, like Google, Adobe, IBM, Intel, Microsoft came together and wrote these standards / http://www.ecma-international.org/memento/ordinary.htm
As some as you might know. I also work as a trainer for Sencha, and I love to teach code. This presentation is gonna show you a lot of slides with code.Don't worry, if you don't understand something, I will make sure this slidedeck will be available online, and I have links to all code snippets on Gist! (and I needed a reason to put deadpool in my presentation...
TYPESCRIPT = (Type checking for bugs before compilation, like developers love from languages like C++ or Java.)
https://github.com/addyosmani/es6-tools
Who remembers the term? Web 2.0? More than 10 years ago. The internet became more advanced. Websites where users can generate content. Like Social Media. This was also the time framework that JavaScript became more popular. Rich web applications which make use of Ajax calls and webservices. JavaScript frameworks started to exist: jQuery, MooTools, YUI, Prototype, Ext JS...
Even though JavaScript got really popular, the language itself hadn’t been changed since 1999, where it used the ECMAScript version 3 standard. Later, a proposal for an ES4 was created, but this version got abandoned, and never made it into the browsers, because this specification tried to accomplish too much. The latest standard that all today's browsers use is ECMAScript 5, published in 2009.
1997 - ECMAScript 1
1998 - ECMAScript 2
1999 - ECMAScript 3 ECMAScript 4 got abandoned 2009 - ECMAScript 5
2015 - ECMAScript 6 ECMAScript 2015
? - ECMAScript 2016
Web browsers and Node.js are actively working on implementing ECMAScript 2015. However, not every browser or environment supports every feature yet. (This is also the reason, why for production applications, you should use a transpiler like Babel, to compile back to today’s JavaScript.)
That means basically no Internet Explorer. Although there are some features that will work on IE11.
Block scoping is how many C-based languages work, and the introduction of block-level declarations in ECMAScript 2015 is intended to bring that same flexibility (and uniformity) to JavaScript.
You can basically replace var with let to declare a variable, but limit the variable’s scope to only the current code block.
(Since let declarations are not hoisted to the top of the enclosing block, you may want to always place let declarations first in the block, so that they are available to the entire block.)
When it’s not in the same block scope, it won’t throw an error, because it creates a new identifier in a new block scope.
Variables declared using const are considered constants, meaning their values cannot be changed once set.-
Be very careful when you are replacing variables to let or const. I see a lot of different opinions online. And people saying, oh just do a replace all in your editor. But IMO that’s really stupid. I assume here that nobody writes perfect code here. So by changing the scopes, you could break code. – A let declaration in your code, will also main that you can’t easily move blocks of code arround during refactoring/maintainance. (yeah you should put let’s in the the top of the function scope), but that’s not always the case. You can create deadzones.
Also deubgging, and putting try/catch blocks around code, might not work right away.
I read somewhere that somebody was saying, I renamed all my vars to const, unless I am sure that I want to change the binding. So that raises me a couple of remarks and questions. Does he create double as much const declarations instead of reusing let or var? (performance in memory), also the filesize of your files will be bigger, as const is more characters than var/let.
Last, most important. How do you know that a value will never be changed in the future. / maintainability reasons.
Functions in JavaScript are unique in that they allow any number of parameters to be passed in. This allows you to define functions that can handle different numbers of parameters.
I love this.
See the below string of a long text. Note the plus characters to append the strings and variables. Note the double quotes. The single quotes, and the way how I escape double quotes.
Note the double quotes, the plusses, and the way how we escape
You can compare this with Ext.Xtemplates.
Note the backticks. I can use single and double quotes, and no need to combine strings.
Like member functions in Ext.XTemplate
I love this.
https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2015/01/ES6-Template-Strings?hl=en
Handy for when you are writing callbacks, that just need to return something simple, like an error.
Lexical this, (static this), this always refers to the parent scope. Even when it’s in a callback, and a different scope is returned.
The callback refers to the `me` variable of which the value is the expected object.
Set interval is something asynchronous
Lexical this, (static this), this always refers to the parent scope. Even when it’s in a callback, and a different scope is returned.
I love this.
https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2015/01/ES6-Template-Strings?hl=en
You define the let declarations that you want to use later, and instead of assigning objects with the dot notation to it, you use write a destructered object.
The first curly braces point to the root of the object, and the second pair, for the first level nested properties, and so on.
Destructuring can also be used in combination with a return, so the return can give back multiple values.
You can do the same with arrays. Now it’s based on the index.
You have to get used to this new syntax. But it saves you from creating extra variables.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Destructuring_assignment
Nice syntax, and you can still break, continue and return.
The red bar is a ES6 For of loop
The yellow one is a ES5 for loop
(and the green one btw a reversed ES5 for loop)
In a mixin, one object receives properties and methods from another object. We have Mixins in Ext JS too. Ext.Mixin.
The mixin() function iterates over the own properties of supplier and copies them onto receiver (a shallow copy, where object references are shared when property values are objects).This allows the receiver to gain new properties without inheritance.
Object.assign is a great new method, for coding mixin patterns. It’s a New function for assigning properties of one or more source objects onto a destination object.
Assume you have 2 objects. You can assign one object to another. Here you can see that SomeObject becomes Observable.
Normally, the prototype of an object is already specified when the object is created, via either aconstructor or the Object.create() method. The idea that an object’s prototype remainsunchanged after instantiation was one of the biggest assumptions in JavaScript programmingthrough ECMAScript 5. ECMAScript 5 did add the Object.getPrototypeOf() method forretrieving the prototype of any given object, but it still lacked a standard way to change anobject’s prototype after instantiation.The `Object.setPrototypeOf()` method makes it possible to modify an object’s prototype after it’s already created.It accepts two arguments: the object whose prototype should change and the object that should become the first argument’s prototype. For example:
Lots of new methods, you should look into this!
The JavaScript engine doesn't start processing the event loop until the code after an async function has been executed. This means that JavaScript code is not multi-threaded even though it appears to be so.
Lots of new methods, you should look into this!
ECMAScript 2015 introduces JavaScript classes.However, it's still JavaScript, there is no real class system.Under the hood, ES2015 classes are not something that is radically new: They mainly provide more convenient syntax to create old-school constructor functions. You can see that if you use typeof classname, it will return "functionWhat's different tho, is that ES2015 classes can only be invoked with the "new" operator, not via a function call.
You might now static methods already from the Sencha class system.
Static methods are methods which can be accessed as `classname.methodName()` instead of `classInstanceName.methodName()`.
When would you use static methods? Ask yourself "does it make sense to call this method, even if no object has been constructed yet?" If so, it should definitely be static.
So ES2015 classes. – Under the hood, the type is still a JS function. But it improves the readability.
And it’s much easier to extend, and create static classes.
I will provide some more exampes in the slidedeck.
Spread Operators = An operator of 3 double dots, you put in front of a variable. For example in methods in allows you to pass in as many arguments as you want. The rest arguments will be part of an Array.
Maps, Weakmaps, Sets and WeakSets.
API for creating new data structures.
For Of Loops iterators, which are pretty similar to For In loops for objects, that can loop through object properties
Generators are simply subtypes of Iterators. They are a special kind of function that can be suspended and resumed, which is making a difference to iterators.
Cmd 6.5 updates our compiler but not the framework(s) obviously so you can use ES6 features of the language
but "class" won't really get along with Ext.define classes in all cases
so we "don't recommend” (or better to say, that’s not supported)
An open source Java application that you can run from the command line.
The Closure Compiler is a tool for making JavaScript download and run faster. Instead of compiling from a source language to machine code, it compiles from JavaScript to better JavaScript. It parses your JavaScript, analyzes it, removes dead code and rewrites and minimizes what's left. It also checks syntax, variable references, and types, and warns about common JavaScript pitfalls.
We use Closure Compiler to reduce the JS filesize, and to do JS code checking.
ECMAScript 6 is now officially supported as an input language for the Closure Compiler. The Rhino parser has been replaced.
Now it’s possible to transpile ES6 code.
ECMAScript 6 is now officially supported as an input language for the Closure Compiler. You cannot use it as an output language yet; for now you need to transpile down to ES5 or ES3. If you find that the Closure Compiler does not support your favorite ES6 feature, you can file an issue, but please be aware that supporting the entire ES6 specification is a non-goal for the Closure Compiler. We currently avoid features that cannot be transpiled cleanly to ES5, and features that tend to lead to code which is difficult to analyze and typecheck.
if you need to use it... you owe it to yourself to check the output
(you do not always need to use it, for example when you are creating Electron Apps ,which are based on a Node runtime, and thus have full ES6 support)
transpilers have to produce ES5-equivalents which can be worse
[for..of for example. that fellow is less perf then forEach()
where each loop calls a fn you write - we avoid that practice in the framework
I was hoping that for of would be great, but its actually shit.
even non-transpiled it is much much slower than for-loop using length
[6:52 PM] Don Griffin: Cmd uses Closure so this is helpful https://github.com/google/closure-compiler/wiki/ECMAScript6[6:52 PM] Don Griffin: we can use ES6 as an "output language" however[6:53 PM] Don Griffin: and we have our own (first in the world afaik) ES6 native compressor in Cmd 6.5 (replaces YUI)[6:53 PM] Don Griffin: https://github.com/mishoo/UglifyJS2/issues/448
You might have seen this in Don his “next” language talk.
[Ywill be able to freely mix "class" vs "Ext.define
Doing so, can hit the performance. and we'd need to measure on case-by-case basis to know which would be faster
Will allow typescript support and also to use task managers such as Grunt or Gulp.