The document discusses two root cause analysis methods: 1) The RCA process aims to determine what happened, why it happened, and how to prevent it from recurring by repeatedly asking "why?" until the root causes are identified. 2) The SCAT technique is a 5-step process to determine root causes of an incident by describing the event, identifying the type, determining immediate and root causes, and selecting corrective actions.

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Root Cause Analysis (RCA) Process
The Main goal for Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is:
 What happened
 Why it happened
 What can be done to prevent it from happening again
The most common element of the RCA method including asking why today’s condition occurred,
recording the answers, and then asking why to each answer, again and again. RCA attempts to
identify contributing factors and all causes. This allows proceeding further, by asking why, until the
desired goal of to find the root causes are reached.
Find the root cause will lead to the next step: evaluating the best method to change the root causes
so we can improve our current condition. This is another process, called usually as corrective and
prevention action.
Remember to review each found cause and factor for correction, this can provide great detail for
greater improvements.
Systematic Cause Analysis Technique(SCAT)
A process to determine the root causes of an incident once a description of the sequence of events
has been determined.
There are five steps in a SCAT Chart:
1) Description of Event
2) Type of Event
3) Immediate/Direct Causes
4) Basic/Root Causes
5) Areas for Corrective Action
The process starts with a brief description of the event, time, date, location…etc.Then select the
type of event, electrical, mechanical etc. Then cross reference between the second and third step.
When the third step is decided, then cross reference between the third step {immediate/direct
causes} and the forth step {Basic/Root Causes} to determine the root causes of the incident. When
the root causes is determined, then the fifth step comes into action {Areas for Corrective Action},
then select the right action to take for the situation.