Bioc strucvariant seattle_11_09
•Download as ODP, PDF•
1 like•582 views
This is an overview of using bioconductor tools for defining structural variation from next-generation sequencing data.
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Viewers also liked (18)
Similar to Bioc strucvariant seattle_11_09
Similar to Bioc strucvariant seattle_11_09 (20)
More from Sean Davis
More from Sean Davis (13)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Bioc strucvariant seattle_11_09
- 1. Using R and BioConductor To Find Structural Variants In Short Read Sequencing Data Sean Davis, MD, PhD National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD
- 2. Why use R and BioConductor?
- 3. phenotype Gene Copy Number Sequence Variation Chromatin Structure and Function Gene Expression Transcriptional Regulation DNA Methylation Patient and Population Characteristics
- 6. What is paired-end sequencing?
- 7. How can paired-end sequencing be used for finding structural variants?
- 8. How can the existing tools within R and BioConductor be leveraged to find structural variants in the genome?
- 10. What is paired-end sequencing?
- 11. How can paired-end sequencing be used for finding structural variants?
- 12. How can the existing tools within R and BioConductor be leveraged to find structural variants in the genome?
- 14. Deletions
- 19. Translocation that alters regulatory environment
- 21. Normal Karyotype Tumor Karyotype
- 22. Redon et al., Nature 2006
- 24. A Genome View of Copy Number
- 26. What is paired-end sequencing?
- 27. How can paired-end sequencing be used for finding structural variants?
- 28. How can the existing tools within R and BioConductor be leveraged to find structural variants in the genome?
- 31. Insert Read Read
- 33. What is paired-end sequencing?
- 34. How can paired-end sequencing be used for finding structural variants?
- 35. How can the existing tools within R and BioConductor be leveraged to find structural variants in the genome?
- 36. Medvedev et al., Nature 2009
- 39. Find reads that show an unusually high or low insert size ( mean +/- 3sd, for example)
- 40. Cluster these abnormal related pairs
- 41. Where there is significant clustering, there may be evidence for a structural variant
- 42. The type of the structural variant can be determined using the relationships between clusters
- 44. What is paired-end sequencing?
- 45. How can paired-end sequencing be used for finding structural variants?
- 46. How can the existing tools within R and BioConductor be leveraged to find structural variants in the genome?
- 48. Make a new sequence that has several structural variants in it and use that as the basis for our “sequencing”
- 50. 35 bp reads
- 51. Allow errors according to error model from real data
- 53. Convert output of BWA to sorted and indexed BAM
- 54. Use R and Bioconductor tools to try to rediscover the structural variants in the simulation
- 57. Segment between 40.1 and 40.11 tandemly duplicated five times (a copy number variation)
- 63. Using the SAM Flag Field 41 = 1 0 1 0 1 8 = 0 0 1 0 0 & 8 = 0 0 1 0 0
- 70. Refine workflow for finding and clustering abnormal related pairs
- 71. Define or implement algorithms for taking raw clustering results and converting that to biologically meaningful descriptions of the structural variants
- 72. Lots, lots, lots more
- 75. SRA (NCBI short read sequencing archive)
- 77. Integrated Genome Browser (IGB, available from Affymetrix and at Sourceforge)
- 78. Integrated Genomic Viewer (IGV, available from the Broad Institute)
Editor's Notes
- Since Knudson’s famous hypothesis proposing the two-hit model, our understanding of cancer as a genetic disease has progressed to the realization that cancer is not often a function of a single gene gone awry, but probably represents a complex interaction of multiple processes in the genome including altered copy number, gene expression, transcriptional regulation, chromatin modification, sequence variation, and DNA methylation. It is vital to the goal of producing better patient outcomes to understand not only what genes are involved in a certain type of cancer, but also how these other processes affect gene regulation. In short, an integrated view of the cancer genome is necessary and is now becoming possible.
- The first karyotypes were produced in 1956. Shown here is a comparison of a normal karyotype of a normal female and one from a tumor. By 1960, a karyotype of a cancer genome revealed the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome. Now known to represent the BCR-ABL fusion protein, it was not until 33 years later in 1993 that a drug, gleevec, become available that targeted the fusion product. By applying high-throughput microarray technologies, the Cancer Genetics Branch is striving to make observations of the cancer genome that will provide deeper understandings of the biology of cancer, to develop prognostic and diagnostic markers to improve patient-specific treatments, and to find promising targets for directed drug therapy.
- Zooming out to look at the whole genome at once, the normal genome with normal female DNA in red and normal male DNA in green shows the expected abnormalities on the X and Y chromosomes. Comparing that to a single breast cancer genome reveals the richness of the data that we are producing. Nearly every chromosome shows some copy number alteration that can be mapped to the genome to produce lists of candidate genes. But with so many alterations, it is helpful to consider multiple genomes at once, as copy number changes that occur in multiple samples are more likely to be of biological importance and not simply a product of an unstable cancer genome.