Introduction to OpenStack & SDN by Ady Saputra, presented at 1st SDNRG ITB Meetup in 1st November 2014

1. Intro to Openstack & SDN
Meetup 1 SDNRG ITB
Ady Saputra | ady@comlabs.itb.ac.id

2. about
Ady Saputra | ady@comlabs.itb.ac.id
 Mahasiswa S2 Teknik Elektro ITB
 Ex-sysadmin Comlabs USDI-ITB
 “Proyektor”
 Openstack user (est. 2011)

3. Outline
 Intro
 Cloud computing
 Openstack
 What is it
 architecture
 Openstack & SDN
 How to deploy openstack
 Demo

4. Intro
 Experience with Openstack
 2011, assessing web hosting startup company,
requirement :
 Scalable
 Low cost
 Support big data
Use Openstack (Cactus, from scratch; Diablo &
Essex, using Stackops)
 2014, master thesis (Icehouse)

6. Cloud Computing :
Definition
“Cloud computing is a model for enabling
ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network
access to a shared pool of configurable
computing resources [...] that can be rapidly
provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider
interaction.”
— NIST

7. Cloud Computing : Essential
Characteristic
 On-demand self-service
 Rapid elasticity
 Ubiquitous network access
 Resource pooling
 Measured service

8. Cloud Computing : Delivery
Model
Openstack technology 101, Boston OpenStack Meet-up, Feb 19, 2014

9. Cloud Computing :
Deployment Models
 Public cloud
 Private cloud
 Community cloud
 Hybrid cloud

10. Openstack
“OpenStack is a cloud operating system that controls
large pools of compute, storage, and networking
resources throughout a data center, all managed
through a dashboard that gives administrators control
while empowering users to provision resources through
a web interface.”
— OpenStack Foundation

11. OpenStack : Feature
 Open source software for building private and
public clouds
 Designed for flexibility and many different use cases
 Mix and match components
 Kit of administrative tools
 Enables multi-tenancy
 Quota for different users
 Users can be associated with multiple tenants
 Provides virtual machines (VM) on demand
 Self service provisioning
 Snapshotting capability
 Storage volumes
 Block storage for VM images
 Object storage for VM images and arbitrary files

12. Openstack : Release History
 Austin : Oct 2010
 Bexar : Feb 2011
 Cactus : April 2011
 Diablo : Sept 2011
 Essex : April 2012
 Folsom : Sept 2012
 Grizzly : April 2013
 Havana : Oct 2013
 Icehouse : April 2014
 Juno : Oct 2014
 Kilo : April 2015

13. Openstack : Architecture
Neutron
Cinder
Horizon
Nova
keystone
Glance Swift

14. Openstack : Architecture
 Compute "Nova” provides virtual servers resource (CPU, RAM, etc)
on demand.
 Image "Glance” provides a catalog and repository for virtual disk
images.
 Dashboard "Horizon” provides a modular web-based user interface
for all the OpenStack services. Used to perform most operations like
launching an instance, assigning IP addresses and setting access
controls.
 Identity "Keystone” provides authentication and authorization for all
the OpenStack services. It also provides a service catalog of services
within a particular OpenStack cloud.
 Object Store "Swift” provides object storage. It allows you to store or
retrieve files (but not mount directories like a fileserver).
 Block Storage "Cinder” provides persistent block storage to guest
VMs.
 Network “Neutron” provides "network connectivity as a service"
between interface devices managed by other OpenStack services.

15. OpenStack : Neutron
 Provide Network-as-a-Service (NaaS)
 Allowing tenants to control their own private networks
 Ability to create “multi-tier” networks
 Control IP addressing (IP address overlapping)
 Neutron API for operating logical networks
 Separate logical operations and backend provisioning
 Backend technologies are provisioned/configured by Neutron
plugins/drivers
 Support multiple emerging network technologies
 New requirements never before in cloud data centers
 Multi tenancy, remote data center, VM mobility, advanced
network services, ...
 Nova provides only legacy basic technology (VLAN + iptables)
 Needs new architecture/framework to support emerging
network technologies
 SDN/OpenFlow-based network
 Overlay tunneling (VXLAN, NVGRE, STT, ...)
 L2 Fabric (Fabric Path, QFabric, ...)

16. Neutron Component
Neutron Server
• Runs on Controller node.
• Exposes API. Enforces network model.
• Passes requests to Neutron plugin.
Neutron Plugin
• Runs on Controller node.
• Implements the API.
• Interacts with neutron server,
database and agents.
Queue
• Enhance communication between
each components of neutron
Database
• Persistent network model
Plugin agent (*)
• Run on each compute node
• Connect instances to network port
DHCP Agent (*)
• Start/stop dhcp server
• Maintain dhcp configuration
L3 Agent (*)
• To implement floating IPs and other L3
features, such as NAT

17. Neutron ML2 Plugin
 Allowing OpenStack to utilize variety of layer 2 networking
technologies found in complex real data-center
 OVS / Linux Bridge plugins will be removed in the near future
 We can use multiple network technologies at the same time
 Type Driver
 Manages logical network resources depending on “network type”
(e.g., VLAN-ID)
 Support local, flat, vlan, gre & vxlan network type
 Mechanism Driver : Configures/provisions network devices
 Open vSwitch agent driver, Linux Bridge agent driver, OpenFlow
Agent driver
 Cisco Nexus 1000V driver, Arista driver

18. Neutron advantages
 Advance Network Service
 LBaaS, FWaaS, VPNaaS, etc.
 Provide additional network features
rather than simple data transfer
(L2/L3)
 Would like to insert such network
services on demand.
 Use network services in “Cloud” style
(through API and on demand)
 It fits into SDN.
 NFV support ?

19. OpenStack & SDN
SDN controllers with OpenStack :
Controller on every compute node
SDN controller with OpenStack :
Centralized controller model

20. How to deploy
 Public Clouds
 Cloudwatt, DreamCompute, eNocloud, HP, Rackspace.
 Local Dev Environment
 http://devstack.org/
 distributions powered by OpenStack
 Cloudscaling, Debian, Fedora, Piston Cloud
Computing, RedHat, SwiftStack, SUSE, Ubuntu, Stackops
 build from scratch

21.  OpenStack Compute (nova): https://launchpad.net/nova
 OpenStack Object Storage (swift): https://launchpad.net/swift
 OpenStack Image Service (glance): https://launchpad.net/glance
 OpenStack Identity (keystone): https://launchpad.net/keystone
 OpenStack Dashboard (horizon): https://launchpad.net/horizon
 OpenStack Networking (Neutron): https://launchpad.net/Neutron
 OpenStack Block Storage service (cinder): https://launchpad.net/cinder
 Ceilometer: https://launchpad.net/ceilometer
 Heat: https://launchpad.net/heat
 Database Service (Trove) - Scalable and reliable Cloud Database as a
Service provisioning functionality for both relational and non-relational
database engines
 Bare Metal (Ironic) - Provides an API for management and provisioning of
physical machines.
 Queue Service (Marconi) - message queueing API and service for distributed
application messaging
 Data Processing (Savannah) – Hadoop on OpenStack

22. Demo