1. Monday, March 7, 2011

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7. Ramzi Touchan University of Arizona
Photograph: Ramzi Touchan
Monday, March 7, 2011

8. Dendroclimatology in Algeria
Photograph: Ramzi Touchan
Monday, March 7, 2011

9. Source: Ramzi Touchan, University of Arizona
Monday, March 7, 2011

10. Monday, March 7, 2011

11. ENVIRONMENTAL
QUESTIONS
Monday, March 7, 2011

12. rising temperatures
earthquakes
floods
insect ecology
water quantity
forest fires
Monday, March 7, 2011

13. CLIMATE
RECONSTRUCTION
Monday, March 7, 2011

14. rain gauges
tree rings
empirical comparisons between tree-ring and climate data
Source: Hughes and Funkhouser, 1998
Monday, March 7, 2011

15. Ring-width
index
correlation coefficients as a measure of climate signal
Monday, March 7, 2011

16. Correlation functions illustrating assocations between tree growth and climate
Monday, March 7, 2011

17. ‘Reconstructing climate’ based on statistical associations
Monday, March 7, 2011

18. R E C O N S T R U C T I N G T E M P E R AT U R E
Monday, March 7, 2011

19. 2010 Jan-Aug temperature anomaly h p://www.giss.nasa.gov/
Monday, March 7, 2011

20. Photograph: Marianna
Monday, March 7, 2011

21. NASA global temperature record h p://www.giss.nasa.gov/
Monday, March 7, 2011

22. Temperature-sensitive trees Northeastern Alaska
Monday, March 7, 2011

23. Monday, March 7, 2011

24. Brian Luckman University of Western Ontario
Monday, March 7, 2011

25. St. George, S., and Luckman, B.H. 2001.
Extracting a paleotemperature record from Picea
engelmannii treeline sites in the central
Canadian Rockies. Canadian Journal of Forest
Research 31, 457-470.
Monday, March 7, 2011

26. Monday, March 7, 2011

27. Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

28. THE PRINCIPLE OF
ECOLOGICAL AMPLITUDE
A tree species may grow and reproduce over a certain range of
habitats; that range is described as its ecological amplitude.
Trees that grow near the margins or limits of their ecological
amplitude are o en sensitive to changes in their environment.
Monday, March 7, 2011

29. Monday, March 7, 2011

30. empirical comparisons
Monday, March 7, 2011

31. Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

32. “HIGH”
and
“LOW”
FREQUENCY
Monday, March 7, 2011

33. Photograph: Gigi Tagliapietra
Monday, March 7, 2011

34. “HIGH” FREQUENCY
Photograph: protographer23
Monday, March 7, 2011

35. “LOW” FREQUENCY
Photograph: Phil Moore
Monday, March 7, 2011

36. Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

37. Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

38. Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

39. CORRELATION
FUNCTION
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43. Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

44. Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

45. Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

46. Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

47. most sites
Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

48. most sites
furthest
north
Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

49. most sites
furthest
north
‘oddball’
site
Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

50. LINEAR
REGRESSION
Monday, March 7, 2011

51. Source: St. George and Luckman, 2001
Monday, March 7, 2011

52. Source: D’Arrigo et al., 2006
Monday, March 7, 2011

53. Source: D’Arrigo et al., 2006
Monday, March 7, 2011

54. Source: Osborne and Briffa, 2006
Monday, March 7, 2011

55. Source: Osborne and Briffa, 2006
Monday, March 7, 2011

56. LINEAR
REGRESSION
Monday, March 7, 2011

57. Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007
Monday, March 7, 2011

58. Photograph: Mark Anbinder
Monday, March 7, 2011

59. SURFACE TEMPERATURE
RECONSTRUCTIONS
FOR T H E LAS T 2 , 00 0 Y E A R S
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
Monday, March 7, 2011

60. the ‘divergence problem’ is defined as the tendency for
tree growth at some previously temperature-limited
northern sites to demonstrate a weakening in mean
temperature response in recent decades.
Source: D’Arrigo et al., 2008
Monday, March 7, 2011

61. Source: D’Arrigo et al., 2008
Monday, March 7, 2011

62. “Trees are not thermometers or rain gagues.” Keith Briffa and colleagues
Monday, March 7, 2011

63. Source: D’Arrigo et al., 2008
Monday, March 7, 2011

64. Monday, March 7, 2011