A study guide with active links to sites that will help volunteers to learn about the styles and movements in the Kirkland Museum collections, from Arts and Crafts to Pop Art.

1. Docent Class: Module 2 Styles and Movements

2. Many of the definitions and descriptions in this presentation are borrowed or adapted from the Oxford Concise Dictionary of Art Terms, Michael Clarke, ed., Oxford University Press, New York, 2003.

3. Using this module: Each of these pages highlights a movement or style that you will find represented in Kirkland Museum’s decorative art collection. To help you to place our objects in context, links are provided to other information sources not related to Kirkland Museum. Click on the highlighted titles and use these links to lead you on your own intellectual journey. For more specific information about the Kirkland collection, watch David Klein’s lecture on the history of industrial design on the DVD included in this packet.

4. A Kirkland Museum Timeline of Art and Design DerZeitihreKunst, derKunstihreFreiheit To the age its art, to art its freedom

5. Style is a form that is common to more than one work of art. A movement is a desire for societal or political change that may be expressed by an artistic style or styles.

6. 1856 to1918 Arts and Crafts Movement Have nothing in your house that you do not know to be useful, or believe to be beautiful. William Morris This movement was inspired by the writings of William Morris and John Ruskin, which deplored the results of mechanization and mass production on design. It harkened back to the standards of craftsmanship of the middle ages. In the Kirkland collection look for: Harvey Ellis Peter Behrens Christopher Dresser Frederick HurtenRhead Charles Rennie Mackintosh

7. c.1865 to c.1900 Aesthetic Movement Art for art’s sake. A movement in which the defining beliefs were in the supremacy of beauty and the autonomy of a work of art, or “art for art’s sake.” In the Kirkland collection look for: Christopher Dresser Royal Doulton

8. 1880 to 1918 Art Nouveau A style of the Arts and Crafts movement, its characteristics were the use of flowing, expressive lines and whiplash curves, flower and leaf motifs, and female figures with long flowing hair. The style developed in Britain from Arts and Crafts, but other influences included Japanese art, Rococo, and Celtic art. In the Kirkland collection look for: Hector Grimaud Louis Majorelle Jacques Sicard

9. 1896 to1914 Glasgow Style (Glasgow School or the Scottish School) Better to work 10 days on one product than to manufacture 10 products in one day. A group of artists and architects who worked in Glasgow and were influenced by Art Nouveau and the Arts and Crafts movement. In the Kirkland collection look for: Charles Rennie Mackintosh

10. 1903 to 1932 Wiener Werkstätte (Wiener Sezession, Vienna Workshops, Vienna Secession, Jugendstil) To the age its art, to art its freedom The Arts and Crafts studios established in Vienna by members of the Secession group who broke away from the conservative Academy. In their desire to combine usefulness with beauty, they mirrored the ideals of William Morris. In the Kirkland Collection look for: Josef Hoffmann Gustave Siegel Otto Prutscher

11. 1917 to 1934 De Stijl Dutch for “The Style” Founded in 1917, De Stijl was a loosely associated group of mostly Dutch artists who sought a new aesthetic of art. De Stijl was also the name given to the journal published by the Dutch artist, Theo van Doesburg (1883–1931). Their aim was to find laws of harmony and equilibrium that would be applicable to society as well as art. Influenced the founders of the Bauhaus. In the Kirkland Collection look for: GarritReitveld

12. 1919 to 1933 Bauhaus A school combining art, applied arts and architecture based on the Bauhutten, or mason’s lodges of medieval times, involving the concept of workshop training as opposed to academic studio training. Led first by Walter Gropius and later by Mies Van derRohe. In the Kirkland collection look for: Mies Van derRohe Marcel Breuer Marianne Brandt Greta Marks

13. c.1925-1940 Art Deco The characteristic shapes of Art Deco are geometric, stylized, or streamlined, and often included bright colors, sunbursts, and Egyptian motifs. Art deco design was found in many mass-produced products and architecture. In the Kirkland collection look for: Walter Dorwin Teague Victor Schreckengost Rookwood Pottery Fostoria Glass

14. 1950s-1970s Pop Art Pop art drew its imagery from the world of consumerism and popular culture, claiming no distinction between good and bad taste. British Artist Richard Hamilton described pop art as “popular, transient, expendable, low-cost, mass-produced, young, witty, sexy, gimmicky, glamorous and Big-Business.” In the Kirkland collection look for: Andy Warhol Pillola Lamps Bouloum Lounge Chair

15. Some more great links to play with: Arts and Crafts from the Art Institute of Chicago: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t55YppaiKAM&feature=related Design an Arts and Crafts tile, from the V&A: http://www.vam.ac.uk/vastatic/microsites/1312_artsandcrafts/design_a_tile/tool/ Charles Rennie Mackintosh Society: http://www.crmsociety.com/charlesrenniemackintoshfurniture.aspx RietveldSchroderhuis UNESCO World Heritage site: http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/965/

16. More Sites: Christopher Dresser quiz from the V&A: http://www.vam.ac.uk/vastatic/microsites/1324_dresser/quiz/quiz.php?ref=st09a Vienna Succession building animation from the Leopold Museum: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzdoN_8HWKo