1. Grammar Book By: Sofia Porter

2. Table of Contents Present- ar, er, ir Stem changers Irreglars- go, zco Saber vs. conocer Reflexives Se impersonal Present tense with dipthongs Verbs like-uir/guir- cer/cir- ger/ gir Hacer+ +que+ present Ser vsestar Imperfect Prederite Car, gar ,zar Spock La cucaracha Snake snakey

3. Presente- ar, er, ir ar er o amos emos o as ais is es a an e en ir o emos es is e en

4. Stem Changers E ie ex. Piensa -> piensan E I ex. Pide -> piden O ue ex. Puedes -> pueden U ue Nosotros and Vosotros do not use stem changers

5. Irregular “yo”

6. Saber vs. Conocer Saber Conocer To know Facts To Know people

7. reflexives me nos Reflexives are the verbs that are reflected upon oneself or others te os se se Reflexives can hook onto the infinitive comand- ex. Banate! Reflexive can proceed a conjugated verb

8. Se impersonal Used when the subject of a sentence is not specific but it IS human EX. Se hablaespanolaqui Se prohibefumar

9. Present tense with dipthongs Accents are required to break up the dipthings for stress Dipthings are the week vowels in a word Weak ( i/y, u) Strong (a,e,o) Estudiar and limpiar do not require accents because the stress is not placed on the “i”

10. Verbs like-uir/guir- cer/cir- ger/ gir

11. Hacer+ +que+ present

12. Ser vs. Estar Descriptions, Origins, Characteristics, Time, Occupation, Relationships, Possessions, Events, and Dates Heath, Motion, Location, Present condition -ING : ar- ando -yendo er/ir- endo

13. Imperfecte IR SER iba era eramos ibamos eras ibas era eran iban iba VER veia vieamos veias vian veia

14. Imperfect