Testing tools and AI - ideas what to try with some tool examples
Kolaveri
1. Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode
Viral Fever of India
Why this Kolaveri Di
Submitted To: Professor Sridhar Guda
Submitted By:
Satyesh Singh Rajput
2. Contents
Background ........................................................................................................................... 2
Product ................................................................................................................................. 2
Promotion ............................................................................................................................. 5
Psychology............................................................................................................................. 6
Participation .......................................................................................................................... 7
Celebrity tweets ................................................................................................................... 16
Performance .........................................................................................................................17
Lessons on viral marketing from Kolaveri .............................................................................. 19
Open thoughts ..................................................................................................................... 20
Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 20
Acknowledgement ............................................................................................................... 21
References........................................................................................................................... 21
Viral Marketing: Why this Kolaveri Di Page 1
3. Background
On November 1st India’s cyberspace was hit by a viral bug called “Kolaveri” and since
then it has become a rage. The viral bug spread evenly to almost all parts of India and even
went on to capture the imagination of netizens in other parts of the world. Tanglish became
cool and adding a “u” at the end of a word became a fashion. The cult of Kolaveri became so big
that traffic police in Chennai,Bangalore and Delhi went on to spread awareness against road
rage by having big posters mentioning “Why this Kolaveri”. Kolaveri became the de-facto word
against all sort of anger be it against politician or against corruption or even against a small kid
(not in negative sense) who was making her parents keeping awake all the night.
Kolaveri all of sudden caught imagination of all sort of people leading to lot of videos
inspired by “Kolaveri” being constantly uploaded in YouTube, be it Neevaan Nigam’s version, to
a video against corrupt politician from our neighboring country Pakistan, to a dance
performance on Kolaveri by Japanese. As of today a simple search on YouTube for Kolaveri
results in 14,000 videos, lot of these are inspired from original Kolaveri and some of these
inspired videos have been viewed by millions.
Kolaveri in my opinion is the first social viral phenomenon which hit Indian cyberspace,
print media and electronic media by storm. The novelty and curiosity quotients of the song
coupled with some very smart marketing minds contributed in making Kolaveri a huge success.
Being a student of marketing management I could not resist myself from dissecting this viral
phenomenon. I have used my googling skills, watched lot of Kolaveri videos, read
articles/interviews related to Kolaveri. This blog is a simple attempt to understand the cult of
Kolaveri.
Product
The product “Kolaveri” video had various aspects which makes it a perfect candidate for
viral marketing.
1. Lyrics: Lyrics of Kolaveri song has been interpreted in many ways. From taking it just for
fun, to anti-women, to just phony jumbled up words. The lyrics contain very simple
Viral Marketing: Why this Kolaveri Di Page 2
4. words which even a school going kid can understand without much efforts. The words
chosen are from day to life of modern world not only just India but also from rest of the
world, making it easier for audience from rest of the world to connect as well.
2. Engaging Introduction: The video has intriguing start with “Yo boys I am sing song, soup
song, flop song”. The start of the song sets the tone of the video. Most of the listeners
do not know what the phrase “soup song” means, so even before “Kolaveri” strikes the
listener is intrigued by the phrase “soup song” mixed in broken English.
3. Quirky words: Adding a “u” at the end of English words like “girl” , “heart” etc for
example “White skin-u-girl-u-girl-u, Girl-u-heart-u-black-u” have been liked by lot of
non-Tamil audience, who just want to laugh and enjoy the song without bothering
about the meaning. The phonetic synchronization with lines like “you showed me
bhouve-u” further enhances entertainment value of the song. It is the reason for this
song being picked up by youth. Even children can hum this song with no efforts to know
what exactly it is.
4. English Titles: Though there are very few Tamil words in the entire song, but the way
Dhanush pronounced English words were slightly different. Sony Music had plans to
make the video attractive to non-Tamil audience so they added English sub-titles which
made it very easy for non Tamil audience to understand and connect with the song.
Sankalia from Sony Music India mentioned in one of the interview that “we decided to
introduce sub-titles to make it accessible for the non-Tamil masses”.
The subtitles made it easier for non-Tamil listeners contributing in spreading word of
mouth spreading in north Indian states as well as listeners from various part of the
world. Subtitles also helped imitators to create their own version of Kolaveri.
5. Creators with audiences: With stars like Dhanush, Shruti hasan and Aishwarya
Rajnikanth being part of the promotional video, Kolaveri had lot of takers to give the
video initial momentum among fans of Tamil cinema. From there onwards extensive
promotions by Sony and Juke in the box helped Kolaveri to exponentially grow the
momentum gained in the early phase. With 3 big houses of Tamil cinema being part of
the video helps in building lot of credibility among Tamil as well as non-Tamil audiences.
Viral Marketing: Why this Kolaveri Di Page 3
5. 6. Not overly produced Video: The Kolaveri video which was uploaded did not promote
the movie ‘3’ until the very last second. So the audience did not view the video as a
promotion video but more like a good song to listen to than to think of it as another
promotional marketing gimmick. Sony Music made sure that the video appear more like
a jam session and the entire setup was made to look like casual video. It is quite literally,
just a jam session caught on tape that’s why the listener did not turn off (as user tend to
turn off while watching marketing videos).
Dhanush the actor, singer and the lyricist of the song adds on, “I am not a singer but
Sony Music’s perseverance to ride on this same fact and give it a real feel is what I think
has made it work.”
Sony Music ensured that video looks like an accidental or jam session was to avoid the
video being viewed as marketing/promotional videos. A slight hint of this being
promotional activity could have turned off electronic / print media and shifted the
attention from Kolaveri.
7. Catchy Music: The simplicity and originality of the melody, lyrics has attracted people
world over to the song. Within seconds the tune has already audience has started
tapping his/her feet. Even if you are unfamiliar with Tamil accent, just a few sentences
will have you caught onto the lyrics as well. While the rhythm is catchy, the lyrics are
simple and identifiable.
The song is very hummable and unlike most marketing messages which are so
overloaded that they lose any humanity whatsoever. The lyrics in Kolaveri are nonlinear
that it starts a conversation. Dhanush’s expressions and the way he has sung the song
along with the casual way it’s been shot that has made a lot of people take notice.
Sony Music India specially targeted at the online networking sites. “It was deliberately
kept simple and informal just like the song itself. It has a raw making-of-a-video touch to
it. Besides, we decided to introduce sub-titles to make it accessible for the non-Tamil
masses,” Sankalia adds.
8. Well indexed by YouTube, search engines and social sites: Kolaveri videos and related
content are very well indexed by sites like Google, YouTube and Facebook. It takes just
two alphabets “ko” to search for Kolaveri related content. The ease of access to Kolaveri
and related videos and certainly played its role in making the video a viral phenomenon
and the credit for this goes to the marketing team of Sony and Juke in the Box.
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6. Promotion
According to the official case study by Juke in the box they adapted 3 steps strategy for
Kolaveri were Intrigue, Play and Share.
1. Intrigue: According Juke in the box they created dahashtag called #whythiskolaveridi on
twitter and started posting quirky lines like “Ice land has not heard #whythiskolaveridi”,
“Not called for 2days #whythiskolaveridi”, etc., with the YouTube link to the video. This
intrigued people on twitter who didn’t understand what Kolaveri Di meant. So
questions started being asked and as a natural impulse, people started clicking on the
link. According to Social Hues in case of Kolaveri’ most traffic was driven by Facebook,
which accounted for nearly 80% of social media mentions of the song, followed by
Twitter and YouTube.
2. Play: Once user of social networking sites starts getting curios about Kolaveri, the
YouTube link shared by peer network helped user to watch Kolaveri video at the click of
mouse. Extensive promotion and mentions of Kolaveri on social platform resulted in
exponential growth of cult of Kolaveri.
3. Beta Test: Between 1 and 10 November leaked version (even before the official launch
of the video), there were 43,800 mentions of Kolaveri in the US, 7,000 in France and
4,000 from the UAE.
4. Official Kolaveri Video: The attention received by leaked version received was great and
set the stage for official version. According to Parwani from Sony Music “the video
accompanying the song was recorded at 2am, the night before the release on the 16
November, and edited the next morning.”
He insisted that insisted that “we wanted this song to go viral in cyberspace. We
marketed aggressively to make the song a national rage”. Parwani said that “his team
had been posting the song on Tamil, Hindi and international Facebook pages to drive
traffic”.
5. Seeding on to Social sites: According to Social Hues, the rate of Twitter mentions of
Kolaveri increased by nearly 200% every day, starting at 179 and peaking a week later at
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7. 14,907 tweets on 24 November—the day after it became the first Tamil film song to be
played on MTV followed by Amitabh Bachchan’s admiration for the tune on tweeter.
In case of Kolaveri it is the combination of online seeding, main stream PR, influencer
engagement and huge user participation that along with a song everyone could identify
with shot in a non posed non cinema way.
Psychology
It is the combination of “intrigue” and “emotional connect” which created curiosity in the
minds of people who saw/heard the phrase "Kolaveri".
1. What is this “Kolaveri”: The curiosity begins before the clicking on a link to YouTube
video and curiosity is “what is this Kolaveri” for non-Tamil listener. A facebook update
or a tweet with phrase “Kolaveri” first makes user to find out the meaning of the word
“Kolaveri” after knowing the meaning of “Kolaveri” as “murderous rage” the first
curiosity of listener is answered.
2. What is “soup song”: One another level of curiosity that the song triggers is about soup
song. In the first stanza itself Dhanush starts the song with phrase “Soup Song” to many
listener even this phrase generates curiosity in the minds of listener to find out what
does the soup song means. Usually non-English audience is not aware of the phrase
“soup song” so the phrase generates curiosity in the mind of users to find out what
actually a soup song is.
3. Why this “Kolaveri”: Having found out the meaning of the phrase “Kolaveri” now the
listener is intrigued to know “why this kolaveri”. The curiosity of listener is answered in
next four minutes. By the time four minutes are over curiosity is satisfied but it is too
late, as foot tapping music, catchy words, catchy phrases and a jam session type video
has mesmerized the listener. According to social hues twelve per cent of all
conversations on Kolaveri were about the meaning of the word, generally translated as
murderous rage.
4. Emotional Connect: How many love stories you know in which the boy is in love with a
girl. But she is not. He is not so handsome, but she is very beautiful just like sultry Shruti
Hasan. The rejection makes him to take to liquor. He wonders how she can be happy
Viral Marketing: Why this Kolaveri Di Page 6
8. when he is sad. Reflect back in your life you will find examples from your life or from the
lives of near and dear friends/colleagues/acquaintances. The song takes you back to the
time when you experienced “Kolaveri” or you saw some one close to you going being
“kolaveried”. This song especially resonates with those who have been recently
dumped.
Dhanush says that “one of the reasons the song was such a big hit was since it spoke of a
jilted lover, and who hasn't had a broken heart?”
It is this universal emotion, which the audience from across globe could connect
instantly. The song describes love in the perspective of a boy but girls can equally
resonate with the song and that has played very important role in the success of this
song.
Participation
There is no other social viral phenomenon (at least from India) in which user participation is
as high as kolveri. Perhaps Kolaveri is the only YouTube video song with such a huge user
participation (if not the worldwide definitely not any Indian). User participation for kolaveri is
unprecedented. A simple search on YouTube gives more than 14,000 results with version in
almost all major Indian languages from Malayalam to Gujarati to Sindhi.
1. Regional versions: As the popularity of Kolaveri increased YouTube was flooded by
regional versions of kolaveri. So there was kolaveri in Telugu, Marathi, Sindhi, Punjabi,
Gujarati, Assamese, Bengali, well almost in all Indian language. And it just does not end
here you will find more than one version of kolaveri in all regional languages. People
from all walks of life be it a kid or a professional working in IT company or bunch of
guys/girls from school/college, creating their own version of kolaveri and uploading it in
YouTube. As kolaveri song is mostly perceived as fun song, people did not pay much
attention to the nitty-gritty so they just went by instinct i.e. sing, shoot and upload.
These regional version themselves went on to make headlines in newspapers and
electronic media.
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9. 2. Kolaveri against politicians: The song kolaveri came in the year, which saw large scale
anti corruption protest in all part of India. Post kolaveri’s release journalists,
cartoonists, and common people started using the phrase “Why this Kolaveri” in order
to vent their frustration/ to express their anger/ to mock politicians.
Just when kolaveri was becoming a buzz word in online space, agriculture minister
Sharad Pawar got slapped by a sikh youth 25 November, anti politician social users
cheered the slap, followed by a punjabi version of the song known as the Sharad Pawar
slap song appeared on YouTube on the same day. It has logged over 1.5 million views till
30 December 2011.
Later on when Jayalalitha increased price of milk, electricity in Tamilnadu people in
Tamilnadu cartoonist created poster asking Jayalalitha “why this Kolaveri di”.
Viral Marketing: Why this Kolaveri Di Page 8
10. When Loklpal was tabled in lower house of parliament here is what cartoonist Manjul
expressed the anguish of ruling party with cheesy cartoon.
Supporters of anti-corruption crusader Anna hazare also created several version of
Kolaveri to support Anna’s fight against corruption as well. Kolveri became a standard
Viral Marketing: Why this Kolaveri Di Page 9
11. phrase for bashing politicians. For all the political incidents that has taken place since the
launch of kolaveri it is easy to find a YouTube video, a cartoon, a poster or an article
mentioning kolaveri and asking respective politician “why this kolaveri”.
3. Animated and Funny Versions: Cult of kolaveri was not restricted to serious imitation
and expression of anger against politicians alone. People went on to create funny
versions of their own. Bunch of students created exam version, few others danced in
funny way. Student recording their own version of Kolaveri and uploading it to YouTube
to express themselves. Kolaveri became a means to express themselves in all possible
ways. Some to look funny, others to showcase their talent.
Exam Version
Students dancing on Kolaveri tune in funny way
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12. Kolaveri fans went on to animate Tom & Jerry, Chipmunks, Talking Toms, Mr. Bean to
the tune of Kolaveri. Even angry bird was not spared from Kolaveri fever.
4. Traffic Police Departments: The popularity of Kolaveri was ever increasing since the
launch and it became youth anthem of nation in short time, noticing this traffic
department of various cities used “Kolaveri” to ask motorists to remain calm on road
and avoid road rage. Chennai Police brought out posters asking 'why this anger' with the
words 'Kolaveri Di'. Delhi Police's added it to their Facebook page.
The idea behind all this was if Kolaveri Di is visible at important junctions and cross
roads with instructions to avoid rage, may succeed in cooling the frayed tempers. Why
this kolaveri? Just drive without anger. The initiatives by well received from youngsters
praising Chennai and Delhi police.
Taking cues from Chennai traffic police and Delhi traffic police, Kolkata has recently
launched a new campaign to encourage bikers to wear a helmet. Kolkata city police
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13. launched a unique campaign on Christmas eve, which will run till January 1, 2012, seeks
to warn the bikers of the perils of riding without a helmet.
They police brought out huge posters and hoardings carrying the punchline "Why
this hero giri, hero giri, hero giri, di?" with a cartoon and a warning with text: 'Drive
Safe, Use Helmet'.
The hoardings have been put up at various traffic junctions to educate the
youngsters who often ride without wearing a helmet, especially during Christmas and
New Year celebrations.
"We have chosen this song as everyone is aware of its lyrics. It is catchy and we
can easily reach out to the maximum number of people. Moreover, the youngsters can
relate to this when they see the hoardings at traffic signals," Kolkata Police deputy
commissioner Dilip Banerjee said.
5. Cashing on Kolaveri Phenomenon: The cult of kolaveri became so big that marketers
could not resist themselves from riding the kolaveri wave. From well known brand like
“Amul” which long been known for simple and funny advertisements. Amul, which is
known for creating advertisement on contemporary topics to promote its products,
came up with “Amul Khalo Every advertisement” in the print ad. It shows traditional
Amul’s mascot, the little girl enjoying a slice of buttered bread with a friend with tag line
reading, ‘Why This, Try This, Buy This’.
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14. Online shopping portal too jumped in the game to en-cash cult of kolaveri and came up
with kolaveri t-shirts. The portal 600024.com started offering t-shirts with heart and
devil horns - with "Why this Kolaveri Di?" scribbled above and beneath. They also have
T-shirts featuring Dhanush's song as the words below say, "Yo Boys, I am a sing song"
and various improvements like “Why this Kolaveri boss?”
Another website X tees choosed selected lines like “White-a skin-u, girl-u. heart-
u, black-u" and "God I am dying now, she is happy, how?" and sold it online. Later on
good number of online portal like eBay.in, seventymm.com, zeole.com,zazzle.com,
tshirts.in, xtees.com had kolaveri t-shirts available for sell.
According to Manjo Kumar the CEO of X Tees "The demand has been amazing, In fact, in
my 12 years of online T-shirts I have never seen any t-shirt selling like this.”
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15. A fruit shop in Chennai (http://fruitshopongreamsroad.in/) came with a poster
encouraging customer to avoid “Cola” and encourage fruit cosumption.
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16. It does not end here a lesser known company wookpecker furniture
(http://woodpeckerfurniture.com/home.htm ) from chennai came with banner having bold
letters “KOLA-VERI PRICING” as depicted below.
Naukari’s Hari Sadu advertisement was also converted to ride the kolaveri wave.
Kolaveri’s growing popularity led marketers to create advertisements of their products
to be linked to kolaveri. These advertisements helped marketers to break the cluster for
short while.
6. Global Participation: The success of Kolaveri was not limited to Indian cyberspace alone.
It went viral in other parts of the world as well.
a. YouTube videos of Japanese dancing to the tune of Kolaveri became famous.
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17. b. Auckland flash mob danced on Kolaveri to create news. The English version of
Kolaveri created by Arjun has so far logged 2.2 million views.
c. People from our neighboring country created their own version “Democracy di”
to vent anger against politician and current affairs in Pakistan, and so did our
neighbor from Sri Lanka.
d. Few Egyptians created their own version of Kolaveri.
e. Indians in USA/Canada created Highway version, rap versions.
f. Tamils in Malaysia doing their bit on Kolaveri.
g. There is an Arabic and French version as well.
One can easily find kolaveri or its parody videos from various part of the world.
These videos or either created by native fans of Kolaveri or people from Indian origins
doing their bit in serious or funny way to enjoy the songs.
Celebrity tweets
Celebrity tweets played an important role in the success of Kolaveri’s bandwagon of
celebs appreciating Kolaveri was triggered by Amitabh Bachhan.
1. Abhitabh Bachhan tweeted “Just heard #Kolaveri after much talk on it ... its so original
and catchy ..congrats Dhanush and Aishwarya(Rajni's daughter) .. love.'”
2. Shruti Hasan tweeted “Everyones on the kolaveri trip and how!!!indias got kolaveri :p
yay team 3 and congrats the our poetu :D I meant to our poetu hahaha ive been singing
along too much methinks!sentence construction kolaverified :p”.
3. Ranvir Shorey tweeted “Yes, I did get some relief with #Kolavari. But not really long
lasting,”.
The tweet exchange between Dhanush & Bachchan family also made lot of news in print
media, electronic media and film magazines. Lot of celebs, journalists, industrialists and famous
people tweeted with hashtag #kolaveri and this created lot of buzz in tweeter about Kolaveri
helping kolaveri becoming popular.
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18. Performance
Kolaveri was run away hit among the netizens, its viral success is unparalleled with none
in recent history. Some of the highlights of its success is listed below:
1. More than 40 millions views of Kolaveri and related videos.
2. Views on YouTube (Official Sony Channel): 30,031,106.
3. Likes on YouTube (Official Sony Channel): 198,280.
4. YouTube has given the video a gold medal for the most popular video and a silver medal
for trending.
5. First ever Tamil song to play on FM in Bangalore.
6. First ever Tamil song to be aired on MTV.
7. The track is also the first regional language (Tamil) song ever to see a high rotation on
mainstream music Channels - play listed on 43 Radio Stations Pan-India.
8. It has become top downloaded track on mobile with a score of 2,10,000 music
downloads within 18 days of launch beating previous records.
9. The video has also achieved over 3.6 million Facebook shares and #Kolaveri (a popular
slang term amongst Tamil youth meaning ‘murderous rage’) has been trending on
Twitter since its launch.
10. Most searched song on YouTube.
11. Only Indian Song featured in TIME Magazine after “Roja”.
12. Best Song of the year 2011 contender on CNN.
13. Featured in BBC UK.
14. 22,000 Downloads on WAP in span of less than 5 days.
15. More than 3.6 million Facebook shares on Facebook.
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19. 16. Twitter trends
17. Break-up of chatter across social media channels.
18. Top Discussions in cyberspace
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20. 19. Comparison with other Kolaveri imitation and parody.
Lessons on viral marketing from Kolaveri
1. Keep it ultra simple.
2. Use universal language English.
3. Touch emotional cord of target audience.
4. Tacitly encourage user participation.
5. Generate curiosity not only in promotion but also in content.
6. The content should not look as professionally prepared but rather natural outcome.
7. Manage PR and influencers carefully and neatly.
8. Make sure that it does not look like an attempt “to market”.
9. Manage viral life cycle carefully at all stage.
10. Combination of YouTube, Facebook, Twitter and other social platform synchronously
helps in building, growing &spreading.
11. PR and influencer management on social platform assist in building credibility.
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21. Open thoughts
Having analyzed elements behind success of Kolaveri, there are still few thoughts which
I could not analyze further due to lack of time, resources and lack of contacts so I am listing
them below:
1. Celeb tweets helped Kolaveri to spread like wild fire. Were all tweets genuine or some
of them were influenced (or PR attempt) by marketing team of Sony and Juke in the
Box?
2. Extensive coverage by electronic and print media also raises the same question. How
much of electronic and print media was sponsored (or PR attempt) or influenced?
3. Hoarding by traffic police. Was this part of promotion by Sony and Juke in Box?
By posing these questions I do not want to be skeptical but rather objective. In my opinion
celeb tweets and extensive coverage by media played an important role in the success of
Kolaveri and having seen Kolaveri team in almost all news channel regional, national, Hindi
channel covering Kolaveri rings bell in my mind “How much of this was part of PR campaign by
Sony?”
Conclusion
Kolaveri is a “social viral marketing phenomenon”. It was planned and executed well,
however I do not think that people involved in production or marketing, would have thought it
to become as successful as it is today.
It is easy to do the postmortem, analyze things thread bare but very difficult to pick up
something and replicate the phenomenon like Kolaveri.
While the Kolaveri phenomenon is going strong with each passing day, it also marks
the beginning of India's social viral moments on YouTube, Facebook, and Tweeter. Kolaveri's
viral success will definitely make marketing professional in India to emphasize more on viral and
social marketing space. With low risk and very high reward success of viral marketing
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22. phenomenon will continue to intrigue marketing professionals in times to come and especially
in web 2.0 world. Don't be surprised if Indian cyberspace is hit by another viral fever in coming
time.
Acknowledgement
Thanks to marketing department of IIM Kozhikode for teachings and explanation of
marketing management concepts in various classes, without which it would have been difficult
for me to analyze, interpret this marketing phenomenon.
References
1. http://www.innoplexus.com/why-this-kolaveri-di/
2. http://www.socialsamosa.com/2011/12/why-this-kolaveri-a-rage-u-on-social-media/
3. http://www.medianama.com/2011/11/223-why-this-kolaveri-di-gets-it-right-on-youtube/
4. http://umeshpatil.wordpress.com/2011/12/03/why-this-kolaveri-di/
5. http://www.desimag.co.uk/music/5156.html
6. http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/a-viral-hit/458038/
7. http://www.slideshare.net/jackintheboxww/kolaveri-di-official-case-study
8. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/media/entertainment-
/entertainment/dhanushs-kolaveri-di-very-popular-in-b-schools/articleshow/11105266.cms
9. http://www.andhrafriends.com/topic/233671-lolga-gaadi-analysis-on-why-this-kolaveri-di/
10. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Traffic-police-capitalize-on-Kolaveri-
rage/articleshow/10964255.cms
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