This presentation showcases some of the different types of fracture with special emphasis on three types of fracture.

1. Presented by Kingsley Ubawike Biology 120 FRACTURES

2. A fracture means a broken bone. Bones may fracture completely or partially. WHAT ARE FRACTURES

3. Some of the different types of fractures Oblique Comminuted Spiral Compound

4. CAUSES OF FRACTURES TRAUMA; Fractures could occur due to excessive trauma to bones, it could be auto accidents, falls, or sports related. OSTEOPOROSIS; This refers to a group of bone diseases in which bone resorption outpaces bone deposits. OVERUSE; Professional athletes put their bodies through high endurance training and these oftentimes constitute a lot of stress on bones and joints.

5. COMMINUTED FRACTURE Description; Bone fractures into three or more pieces. Bone fragments around the area. Common with older people. Reason; Bones are brittle due to osteoporosis.

6. GREENSTICK FRACTURE Description; Bone breaks incompletely like a twig breaks. Common in children. Reason; Bones are more flexible. Contains more organic matrix.

7. SPIRAL FRACTURE Description; A ragged break. Bone breaks in a helical form. Common with athletes (high energy sports, contact sports). Difficult to treat

8. DIAGNOSIS Snapping or cracking sound is heard immediately the injury occurs. Excruciating pain is felt at the injured area. Area becomes tender and swollen. X-rays are used to diagnose the particular bone broken and also if alignment is needed.

9. TREATMENT OF FRACTURES Use of splints. Use of casts. Braces are also used. Surgery is often used when there is need for alignment; Closed reduction and casting; Invasive procedure carried out by orthopedic surgeon in which pins, metals might be inserted to hold the bones in proper alignment until bone heals. Open reduction; Invasive procedure also carried out by orthopedic surgeon.

10. RECOVERY This depends on the following factors; General health of the individual. Age of the individual. Type of fracture. What bone is fractured. Location of fractured bone.

11. Fractures could be very painful and safety procedures should be implemented at work areas all the time. SUMMARY